删除主表 子表外键没有索引的性能优化

整个表147M,执行时一个CPU耗尽, buffer gets 超过1个G, 启用并行也没有用

今天开发的同事问有个表上的数据为什么删不掉?我看了一下,也就不到100000条数据,表上有外键,等了5分钟hang在那里,时间原因,我对表上的外键禁用后,瞬间删除。

现在来还原这个问题。

sys@ANBOB>select count(*) from bjhr.doctor_exam_member;

COUNT(*)


92102

sys@ANBOB>delete bjhr.doctor_exam_member;

--hang

--等待10分钟都未执行完,检查表的外键信息

复制代码
bjhr@ANBOB>
    SELECT /*+RULE*/
          D.CONSTRAINT_NAME pk_name,-- d.table_name,
           D.TABLE_NAME || '.' || D.COLUMN_NAME pk_column,
           A.CONSTRAINT_TYPE,
           B.CONSTRAINT_NAME fk_name,
           B.TABLE_NAME || '.' || B.COLUMN_NAME fk_column
      FROM user_constraints a
           JOIN user_cons_columns b
              ON a.constraint_name = b.constraint_name AND a.owner = b.owner
          JOIN user_constraints c
             ON A.R_CONSTRAINT_NAME = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME AND A.R_OWNER = c.owner
          JOIN user_cons_columns d
             ON c.constraint_name = d.constraint_name AND c.owner = d.owner
         WHERE D.table_name = 'DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER'
bjhr@ANBOB>/

PK_NAME              PK_COLUMN                                C FK_NAME                        FK_COLUMN
-------------------- ---------------------------------------- - ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------
PK_DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBE DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER.DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID R FK_RESULT_N_REFERENCE_DOCTOR   RESULT_NOTIFICATION_RECORD.DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID
PK_DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBE DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER.DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID R RESULT_RE_DOCTOR_MEMBER        DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT.DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID

--有外键,之前已对子表进行过删除,否则会报错ORA-02266

delete RESULT_NOTIFICATION_RECORD;

delete DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT;

commit;

--下面开始分析,创建新的session

复制代码
sys@ANBOB>select xidsqn,xidusn,object_id,session_id,locked_mode from v$locked_object;

              XIDSQN               XIDUSN            OBJECT_ID           SESSION_ID          LOCKED_MODE
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
                2102                  203              1639631                 2290                    3
                2102                  203              1639572                 2290                    3

sys@ANBOB>select object_name,object_type from dba_objects where object_id in(1639631,1639572);

OBJECT_NAME                    OBJECT_TYPE
------------------------------ -------------------
DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER             TABLE
DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT             TABLE

sys@ANBOB>select event,p1,p2,p1text,p2text,seconds_in_wait,state from v$session_wait where sid=2290;
EVENT                                   P1    P2 P1TEXT               P2TEXT                    SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE
------------------------------ ----------- ----- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------
latch: shared pool              1611704464   307 address              number                                213 WAITED SHORT TIME

--trace hanganalyze and systemstate

alter session set events 'immediate trace name systemstate level 266';
alter session set events 'immediate trace name hanganalyze level 3';

--hanganalyze trace 
===============================================================================

Chains most likely to have caused the hang:
 [a] Chain 1 Signature: 
     Chain 1 Signature Hash: 0x673a0128
 [b] Chain 2 Signature: 'Streams AQ: waiting for messages in the queue'
     Chain 2 Signature Hash: 0xa00e2e87

===============================================================================
Sessions in an involuntary wait or not in a wait:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chain 1:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Oracle session identified by:
    {
                instance: 1 (ANBOB.ANBOB)
                   os id: 27158
              process id: 94, oracle@dev-db (TNS V1-V3)
              session id: 2290
        session serial #: 7981
    }
    is not in a wait:
    {
               last wait: 11 min 0 sec ago
                blocking: 0 sessions
            wait history:
              1.       event: 'latch: shared pool'
                 time waited: 0.000114 sec
                     wait id: 183             p1: 'address'=0x6010a890
                                              p2: 'number'=0x133
                                              p3: 'tries'=0x0
              * time between wait #1 and #2: 1.586255 sec
              2.       event: 'latch: shared pool'
                 time waited: 0.000032 sec
                     wait id: 182             p1: 'address'=0x6010a890
                                              p2: 'number'=0x133
                                              p3: 'tries'=0x0
              * time between wait #2 and #3: 0.133830 sec
              3.       event: 'latch: shared pool'
                 time waited: 0.000114 sec
                     wait id: 181             p1: 'address'=0x6010a890
                                              p2: 'number'=0x133
                                              p3: 'tries'=0x0
    }

Chain 1 Signature: 
Chain 1 Signature Hash: 0x673a0128

--对systemstate 没发现可疑信息

[oracle@dev-db ~]$ awk -f ass109.awk /oracle/diag/rdbms/ANBOB/ANBOB/trace/ANBOB_ora_23020.trc

--- 奇怪为什么会发生在latch:shared pool上? 应该是sql解析和shared pool相关的事件,随后结束delete,做10046 观察究竟

sys@ANBOB>oradebug setmypid;

Statement processed.

sys@ANBOB>oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 12

Statement processed.

sys@ANBOB>delete bjhr.doctor_exam_member;

92102 rows deleted.

sys@ANBOB>oradebug tracefile_name

/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/anbob/anbob/trace/anbob_ora_7784.trc

sys@ANBOB>oradebug event 10046 trace name context off;

Statement processed.

--- 格式化trace,终于发现了答案.

复制代码
delete bjhr.doctor_exam_member
call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      1     47.30      48.39        201        222     657611       92102
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        2     47.31      48.39        201        222     657611       92102

Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
  Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
  ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
  Disk file operations I/O                        2        0.00          0.00
  db file scattered read                         26        0.00          0.00
  db file sequential read                        24        0.00          0.00
  SQL*Net message to client                       1        0.00          0.00
  SQL*Net message from client                     1        0.00          0.00
********************************************************************************

-- check deferred objects

select pctfree_stg, pctused_stg, size_stg,initial_stg, next_stg, minext_stg, 
  maxext_stg, maxsiz_stg, lobret_stg,mintim_stg, pctinc_stg, initra_stg, 
  maxtra_stg, optimal_stg, maxins_stg,frlins_stg, flags_stg, bfp_stg, enc_stg,
   cmpflag_stg, cmplvl_stg
from
 deferred_stg$  where obj# =:1

********************************************************************************
select /*+ all_rows */ count(1)
from
 "BJHR"."RESULT_NOTIFICATION_RECORD" where "DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID" = :1

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute  92102     11.31      11.34          0          0          0           0
Fetch    92102      0.63       0.64          0          0          0       92102
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total   184205     11.95      11.99          0          0          0       92102

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Misses in library cache during execute: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: SYS   (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         1          1          1  SORT AGGREGATE (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=43 us)
         0          0          0   TABLE ACCESS FULL RESULT_NOTIFICATION_RECORD (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=12 us cost=3 size=5 card=1)

Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
  Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
  ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
  latch: shared pool                              2        0.00          0.00

********************************************************************************
select /*+ all_rows */ count(1)
from
 "BJHR"."DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT" where "DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID" = :1

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute  92102      6.97       7.11          0          0          0           0
Fetch    92102   1012.96    1016.14          0  566243096      92102       92102
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total   184205   1019.93    1023.25          0  566243096      92102       92102

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         1          1          1  SORT AGGREGATE (cr=6148 pr=0 pw=0 time=30196 us)
         0          0          0   TABLE ACCESS FULL DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT (cr=6148 pr=0 pw=0 time=30184 us cost=1647 size=5 card=1)

********************************************************************************
OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse       39      0.00       0.01          0          0          0           0
Execute 184248     18.29      18.46          0          0          0           0
Fetch   184276   1013.60    1016.79          0  566243218      92102      184238
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total   368563   1031.90    1035.27          0  566243218      92102      184238

 1129  elapsed seconds in trace file.

TIP:

在删除doctor_exam_member表时,检查了他的所有参照表(子表),然后对doctor_exam_member表的每次记录都要去参照表查询是否存在,此时刚好参考表的外键列上并无索引,导致每一行记录都会导致FTS(full table scan),这也是查询v$session_event时偶尔出现latch: CBC (hot block)的原因。

你可能疑问子表数据都delete了为什么还查询这么久?我做个小测试

sys@ORA10GR2>select count(*) from bjhr_dev.DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT;

COUNT(*)


0

sys@ORA10GR2>select bytes,blocks from dba_segments where segment_name='DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT' and owner='BJHR_DEV';

BYTES BLOCKS


50331648 6144

sys@ORA10GR2>set autot trace stat

sys@ORA10GR2>select count(*) from bjhr_dev.DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT where DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID=1;

Statistics


0 recursive calls

0 db block gets

6040 consistent gets

0 physical reads

0 redo size

514 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client

492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client

2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client

0 sorts (memory)

0 sorts (disk)

1 rows processed

sys@ORA10GR2>alter table bjhr_dev.doctor_exam_result enable row movement;

Table altered.

sys@ORA10GR2>alter table bjhr_dev.DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT shrink space;

Table altered.

sys@ORA10GR2>alter table bjhr_dev.doctor_exam_result disable row movement;

Table altered.

sys@ORA10GR2>select bytes,blocks from dba_segments where segment_name='DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT' and owner='BJHR_DEV';

BYTES BLOCKS


196608 24

sys@ORA10GR2>select count(*) from bjhr_dev.DOCTOR_EXAM_RESULT where DOCTOR_EXAM_MEMBER_ID=1;

Statistics


0 recursive calls

0 db block gets

3 consistent gets

0 physical reads

0 redo size

514 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client

492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client

2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client

0 sorts (memory)

0 sorts (disk)

1 rows processed

TIP:

FTS查询会遍历表segment 已格式化过所有data block.

Summary:

在建有外键约束的子表列上需要创建索引,对子表全表删除时可以采用truncate 或delete(有外键不能truncate时)后对表进行shrink space操作,或删除父表前对子表的外键约束做Disable.

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