CSRF
CSRF,跨站域请求伪造,通常攻击者会伪造一个场景(例如一条链接),来诱使用户点击,用户一旦点击,黑客的攻击目的也就达到了,他可以盗用你的身份,以你的名义发送恶意请求。CSRF攻击的关键就是利用受害者的cookie向服务器发送伪造请求。
和XSS有什么不同?
CSRF是以用户的权限去做事情,自己本身并没有获取到权限;XSS是直接盗取了用户的权限进行攻击。
LOW级别
源码分析
php
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . $current_user . "';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
发现只是坐了密码比对,并没有其他认证,只需要输入的新密码和确认的新密码保持一致即可
New password:123456
Confirm new password:123456
将地址栏中的两个密码改成123
同样可以修改成功
修改密码的链接过于明显,可以使用一些缩短链接的方法,这样用户更容易上当。
也可以写一个html简单脚本,把img标签隐藏起来
html
<img src="http://192.168.80.145/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/?password_new=123456&password_conf=123456&Change=Change#" border="0" style="display:none;">
<h1>
404
</h1>
<h2>
file not found!!
</h2>
当用户点击访问这个页面时,会以为访问的页面丢失了,但是当他打开这个页面时,用户的密码已经被修改了!
Medium级别
源码分析
php
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Checks to see where the request came from
if( stripos( $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ,$_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ]) !== false ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . $current_user . "';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Didn't come from a trusted source
echo "<pre>That request didn't look correct.</pre>";
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
stripos() 函数查找字符串在另一字符串中第一次出现的位置(不区分大小写)代码检查了保留变量HTTP_REFERER (http包头部的Referer字段的值,表示来源地址)是否包含SERVER_NAME(http包头部的 Host 字段表示要访问的主机名)。
php
if( stripos( $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ,$_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ]) !== false )`
这里通过STRIPOS函数对比HTTP_REFERER,SERVER_NAME是否一致
后台的服务器会去检查HTTP_REFERER函数是否包含SERVER_NAME(host参数、主机名等),用此方法来抵御CSRF攻击
# 方法:
要想通过验证,就必须保证在Http请求中Referer字段中必须包含Host,所以攻击者只需要将文件名改成受害者的Host以及name就可以完美通过验证!
使用burp suit抓包 发送到Repeater
将Host与Referer修改一致
High级别
php
<?php
$change = false;
$request_type = "html";
$return_message = "Request Failed";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST" && array_key_exists ("CONTENT_TYPE", $_SERVER) && $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] == "application/json") {
$data = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);
$request_type = "json";
if (array_key_exists("HTTP_USER_TOKEN", $_SERVER) &&
array_key_exists("password_new", $data) &&
array_key_exists("password_conf", $data) &&
array_key_exists("Change", $data)) {
$token = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_TOKEN'];
$pass_new = $data["password_new"];
$pass_conf = $data["password_conf"];
$change = true;
}
} else {
if (array_key_exists("user_token", $_REQUEST) &&
array_key_exists("password_new", $_REQUEST) &&
array_key_exists("password_conf", $_REQUEST) &&
array_key_exists("Change", $_REQUEST)) {
$token = $_REQUEST["user_token"];
$pass_new = $_REQUEST["password_new"];
$pass_conf = $_REQUEST["password_conf"];
$change = true;
}
}
if ($change) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $token, $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysqli_real_escape_string ($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_new);
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '" . $pass_new . "' WHERE user = '" . $current_user . "';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $insert );
// Feedback for the user
$return_message = "Password Changed.";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
$return_message = "Passwords did not match.";
}
mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
if ($request_type == "json") {
generateSessionToken();
header ("Content-Type: application/json");
print json_encode (array("Message" =>$return_message));
exit;
} else {
echo "<pre>" . $return_message . "</pre>";
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
直接修改cook的安全等级绕过token认证机制
Burp Suite抓包,发送到Repeater
安全等级修改为low