Golang Gorm 一对多查询 preload预加载

富士康质检员张全蛋2023-08-26 17:43

预加载示例

GORM允许使用 Preload通过多个SQL中来直接加载关系, 例如：

Go 复制代码

type User struct {
  gorm.Model
  Username string
  Orders   []Order
}

type Order struct {
  gorm.Model
  UserID uint
  Price  float64
}

// 查找 user 时预加载相关 Order
db.Preload("Orders").Find(&users)
// SELECT * FROM users;
// SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id IN (1,2,3,4);

db.Preload("Orders").Preload("Profile").Preload("Role").Find(&users)
// SELECT * FROM users;
// SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id IN (1,2,3,4); // has many
// SELECT * FROM profiles WHERE user_id IN (1,2,3,4); // has one
// SELECT * FROM roles WHERE id IN (4,5,6); // belongs to

Go 复制代码

	var u []User
	db.Debug().Preload("Articles").Find(&u)
	fmt.Println(u)

[1.486ms] [rows:7] SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `article`.`user_id` IN (1,2,3)

[2.644ms] [rows:3] SELECT * FROM `user`
[{1 lucas [{1 golang 1} {2 k8s 1}]} {2 yanzi [{3 golang 2} {4 k8s 2}]} {3 test [{5 redis 3} {6 cherry 3} {7 marry 3}]}]

preload的原理

其实很简单，你要preload user表 的数据，gorm就提前把这张表全部取出来，然后再执行First或Find这样的方法去查询主数据，最后把两种数据一一对应起来。

Go 复制代码

	var u User
	db.Debug().Preload("Articles").Take(&u, "name = ?", "test")
	fmt.Println(u)


[2.007ms] [rows:3] SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `article`.`user_id` = 3

[3.056ms] [rows:1] SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE name = 'test' LIMIT 1
{3 test [{5 redis 3} {6 cherry 3} {7 marry 3}]}