NOTE: In the images and/or the document content below, the user information and environment data used represents fictitious data from the
Oracle sample schema(s), Public Documentation delivered with an Oracle database product or other training material. Any similarity to actual
environments, actual persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental and not intended in any manner.
For the purposes of this document, the following fictitious environment is used as an example to describe the procedure:
Tablespace Name: READONLY
Segment Name: TABLE_READONLY
**********
Read only tablespaces are not included in the backup if the configure parameter backup optimization is ON.
CHANGES
CAUSE
If backup optimization is ON then RMAN will take one backup of readonly tablespace and latter skip it from being the part of backup.
C:\Users> sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Oct 5 18:55:48 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> create tablespace readonly datafile 'D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\readonly.dbf' size 10m;
Tablespace created.
SQL> conn <userid>/<password>;
Connected.
SQL> create table table_readonly tablespace readonly as select * from sys.dba_users;
Table created.
SQL> conn sys as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> select tablespace_name, bytes/1024 from dba_segments where segment_name='TABLE_READONLY';
TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024
READONLY 64
SQL> alter tablespace readonly read only;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> exit;
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
rman configuration parameters are
C:\Users\>rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 5 19:01:23 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: <dbname> (DBID=1290132590)
RMAN> show all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name <dbname> are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'D:\<path>\DATABASE\SNCF<dbname>.ORA'; # default
Taking the backup of the database first time.
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;
Starting backup at 05-OCT-11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=36 RECID=34 STAMP=763758533
input archived log thread=1 sequence=37 RECID=35 STAMP=763759232
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_ANNNN_TAG20111005T192032_78RR59BR_.BKP tag=TAG20111005T192032 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 05-OCT-11
Starting backup at 05-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile file number=00002 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\SYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile file number=00005 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\EXAMPLE01.DBF
input datafile file number=00003 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile file number=00006 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\RMAN.DBF
input datafile file number=00007 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
input datafile file number=00004 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T192034_78RR5CH9_.BKP tag=TAG20111005T192034 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 05-OCT-11
Starting backup at 05-OCT-11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=38 RECID=36 STAMP=763759290
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_ANNNN_TAG20111005T192130_78RR730L_.BKP tag=TAG20111005T192130 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 05-OCT-11
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\AUTOBACKUP\2011_10_05\O1_MF_S_763759292_78RR75GR_.BKP comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-OCT-11
RMAN> list backup of tablespace "READONLY";
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
35 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:48 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 35 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T192034
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T192034_78RR5CH9_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 35
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
38 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:50 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 38 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T193048
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T193048_78RRRKGT_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 38
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
After enabling the backup optimization
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION on;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 05-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
skipping datafile 7; already backed up 2 time(s)
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile file number=00002 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\SYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile file number=00005 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\EXAMPLE01.DBF
input datafile file number=00003 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile file number=00006 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\RMAN.DBF
input datafile file number=00004 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T193749_78RS5PD9_.BKP tag=TAG20111005T193749 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 05-OCT-11
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\AUTOBACKUP\2011_10_05\O1_MF_S_763760325_78RS7GCH_.BKP comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-OCT-11
In the above logs readonly tablespace is not included..same can be verified the logs too.
RMAN> list backup of tablespace "READONLY";
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
35 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:48 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 35 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T192034
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T192034_78RR5CH9_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 35
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
38 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:50 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 38 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T193048
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T193048_78RRRKGT_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 38
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
But you can see the normal tablespace (read write) users is included in the backup.
Listing backup of READ WRITE tablespace such as users,
RMAN> list backup of tablespace "USERS";
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
30 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:49 04-OCT-11
BP Key: 30 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111004T152050
Piece Name: D:\TRACABC.BKUP
List of Datafiles in backup set 30
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
4 Full 1560831 04-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
35 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:48 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 35 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T192034
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T192034_78RR5CH9_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 35
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
4 Full 1617400 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
38 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:50 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 38 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T193048
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T193048_78RRRKGT_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 38
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
4 Full 1618128 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
40 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:46 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 40 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T193749
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T193749_78RS5PD9_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 40
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
4 Full 1618783 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
Now with OPTIMIZATION OFF
running the full database backup also will let readonly tablespace again be part of it.
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION off ;
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 05-OCT-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile file number=00002 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\SYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile file number=00005 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\EXAMPLE01.DBF
input datafile file number=00003 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile file number=00006 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\RMAN.DBF
input datafile file number=00007 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
input datafile file number=00004 name=D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T200427_78RTQNF0_.BKP tag=TAG20111005T200427 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 05-OCT-11
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-OCT-11
piece handle=D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\AUTOBACKUP\2011_10_05\O1_MF_S_763761923_78RTSCW2_.BKP comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-OCT-11
RMAN> list backup of tablespace "READONLY";
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
35 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:48 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 35 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T192034
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T192034_78RR5CH9_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 35
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
38 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:50 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 38 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T193048
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T193048_78RRRKGT_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 38
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
42 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:01 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 42 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T195130
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T195130_78RSZC2R_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 42
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
44 Full 1.10G DISK 00:00:53 05-OCT-11
BP Key: 44 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111005T200427
Piece Name: D:\<path>\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\<dbname>\BACKUPSET\2011_10_05\O1_MF_NNNDF_TAG20111005T200427_78RTQNF0_.BKP
List of Datafiles in backup set 44
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
7 Full 1615965 05-OCT-11 D:\<path>\ORADATA\<dbname>\READONLY.DBF
Note:
RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE READONLY ; # TABLESPACE backup does NOT use optimization
See REference:
Configuring the RMAN Environment
Oracle® Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2)
E10642-06
.
5 Configuring the RMAN Environment
.
Backup Optimization and the CONFIGURE command
....
RMAN uses backup optimization when the following conditions are true:
The CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON command has been run to enable backup optimization.
You run BACKUP DATABASE,
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG with ALL or LIKE options, or
BACKUP BACKUPSET ALL,
BACKUP RECOVERY AREA,
BACKUP RECOVERY FILES, or
BACKUP DATAFILECOPY.
...
Please note: -> rman> "BACKUP TABLESPACE" does not use optimization "
Conclusion: BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON excludes backups of Read Only Tablespaces (as long as there is at least 1 backup of the Tablespace
SOLUTION
If one want to include the read only tablespace in the backup always then there is need to turn off the backup optimization.