内网搭建mysql8.0并搭建主从复制详细教程！！！

一、安装mysql

1.1 mysql下载链接：

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

1.2 解压包并创建相应的数据目录

shell 复制代码

tar -xvf mysql-8.2.0-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local/
mv mysql-8.2.0-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/ mysql
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data/
groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -g mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

1.3 添加配置文件

config 复制代码

vim my.cnf 

[client]
port	= 3306
socket	= /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt = "\u@mysqldb \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
no_auto_rehash
loose-skip-binary-as-hex

[mysqld]
user	= mysql
port	= 3306
#主从复制或MGR集群中，server_id记得要不同
#另外，实例启动时会生成 auto.cnf，里面的 server_uuid 值也要不同
#server_uuid的值还可以自己手动指定，只要符合uuid的格式标准就可以
server_id = 3306
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket	= /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
character_set_server = UTF8MB4
skip_name_resolve = 1
# 不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names=1

#log settings
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
log-error = /var/log/mysqld.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
slow_query_log = 1
log_slow_extra = 1
log_slave_updates=1 # 事务记录到binlog,否则无法开启并发复制
long_query_time = 0.1
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
sync_binlog = 1 #MGR环境中由其他节点提供容错性，可不设置双1以提高本地节点性能
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800
#MySQL 8.0.22前，想启用MGR的话，需要设置binlog_checksum=NONE才行
# binlog_checksum = CRC32
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = TRUE

#myisam settings
key_buffer_size = 32M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

[mysqldump]
quick

1.4 初始化mysql

shell 复制代码

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
 ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql --initialize

1.5 启动mysql

shell 复制代码

#将mysql启动脚本拷贝到系统目录
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
#将mysql加到启动服务列表
chkconfig --add mysql
#开机启动
chkconfig mysql on
#启动mysql
service mysql start

如果遇到报错：
Starting MySQL...... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid).
解决：
mkdir /var/run/mysqld
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld
service mysql start     #启动之后看到SUCCESS,可以查看端口和进程确保正常

1.6 查看初始化的密码，修改root密码

shell 复制代码

查看密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password | grep root@localhost
修改密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p'lu7&uMfsK(Rs'  password 'root'
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin 
mysql -uroot proot 
Enter password:

二、mysql主从复制搭建

2.1 两台机器配置解析

shell 复制代码

vim /etc/hosts
172.26.21.26 jtkl-ext-mysql1
172.26.21.27 jtkl-ext-mysql2

2.2 主库上操作

shell 复制代码

vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin   #添加此配置
server-id=26                       #修改server-id 3306--->26

创建完日志目录、授权之后重启服务

shell 复制代码

mkdir /var/log/mysql
chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql
service mysql stop
service mysql start
mysql -uroot -proot

执行sql

sql 复制代码

mysql> CREATE USER 'mysql'@'%'  identified by 'mysql';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.*  TO  'mysql'@'%';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> show master status\G   #记录File和Positoin后面的内容

2.3 从库上操作

shell 复制代码

vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=27              #修改server-id 3306--->27

重启服务

shell 复制代码

service mysql stop
service mysql start
mysql -uroot proot

sql 复制代码

mysql> \e
粘贴以下内容：根据实际修改并删除注释

CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='jtkl-ext-mysql1',    #修改为master的主机名
MASTER_USER='mysql',              #主库上创建的用户
MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql',          #用户密码
MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000005',  #主库上show master status\G显示的file的内容
MASTER_LOG_POS=702;               #主库上show master status\G显示到Positoin的内容

以上内容wq保存，退出后
-> ;

mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G   #查看双yes，则成功。否则失败

2.4 测试：

shell 复制代码

主库执行
mysql> create database test;
从库查看：
mysql> show databases;