通过GitHub探索Python爬虫技术

1.检索爬取内容案例。

2.找到最近更新的。(最新一般都可以直接运行)

3.选择适合自己的项目，目前测试下面画红圈的是可行的。

4.方便大家查看就把代码粘贴出来了。

#图中画圈一代码
import requests
import os
import re


while True:
    music_id = input("请输入歌曲id或歌曲链接: ")
    if music_id.startswith("http"):
        music_id = re.search(r"id=(\d+)", music_id).group(1)
    get_lyric = requests.get(url="https://music.163.com/api/song/lyric", params={"id": music_id, "lv": 1, "kv": 1, "tv": -1}).json()
    print(get_lyric)
    if get_lyric.get("lrc").get("lyric") == "":
        print("该歌曲没有歌词")
    else:
        if not os.path.exists("./OutLyric"):
            os.makedirs("./OutLyric")
        with open(f"./OutLyric/{music_id}.lrc", "w", encoding="utf-8") as save_lyric:
            if get_lyric.get("tlyric").get("lyric") == "":
                save_lyric.write(get_lyric.get("lrc").get("lyric"))
            else:
                zh_cn_lyric = re.sub(r'\[[^0-9]*:[^0-9.]*]\n', '', get_lyric.get("tlyric").get("lyric"))
                save_lyric.write(f'{get_lyric.get("lrc").get("lyric")}\n{zh_cn_lyric}')
        print(f"下载成功,可将该文件重命名至与歌曲相同的名字使用,lrc文件保存至./OutLyric/{music_id}.lrc")

#图中画圈2代码
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests as rq
from requests import exceptions
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as BS
import os
import re
import csv


SONG_NUM = 0


def getMusic(ID, path, num):
    cloud = 'http://music.163.com/song/media/outer/url?id='
    kv = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36'}
    try:
        url = cloud+ID+'.mp3'
        tmp = rq.get(url, headers=kv)
        tmp.raise_for_status()
        print(num+"、歌曲正在下载...")
        with open(path, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(tmp.content)
        f.close()
        print(num+"、歌曲下载成功！")
    except exceptions.HTTPError as e:
        print(e)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)


def getMusicText(ID, path, num):

    muTextUrl = 'http://music.163.com/api/song/lyric?id=' + ID + '&lv=1&kv=1&tv=-1'
    headers = {
        'Referer': 'https://music.163.com',
        'Host': 'music.163.com',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9'
    }
    try:
        res = rq.get(muTextUrl, headers=headers)
        res.raise_for_status()
        false = False  # 解决eval报错 name 'false' is not defined
        true = True
        null = None
        lrc_dict = eval(res.text)  # 转换为dict字典
        lrc_dict = lrc_dict['lrc']
        music_lyric = lrc_dict['lyric']
        print(num+"、歌词正在下载...")
        with open(path, 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
            f.write(music_lyric)
        f.close()
        print(num+"、歌词下载成功！")
    except exceptions.HTTPError as e:
        print(e)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)


def create_csv_head():
    headers = ['song_num', 'song_name', 'singer', 'song_duration']
    with open("./music/musicMsg.csv", "a", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=headers)
        head = {'song_num': '榜单序号', 'song_name': '歌曲名称',
                'singer': '歌手', 'song_duration': '歌曲时长'}
        writer.writerow(head)


def save_musicMsg(music_dict):
    headers = ['song_num', 'song_name', 'singer', 'song_duration']
    with open("./music/musicMsg.csv", "a", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=headers)
        writer.writerow(music_dict)


def split_Msg(msg):
    msg = msg.split('"')
    item = msg[1]
    return item


def getMusicMsg(ID):
    global SONG_NUM
    song_url = 'https://music.163.com/song?id=' + ID
    headers = {
        'Referer': 'https://music.163.com',
        'Host': 'music.163.com',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9'
    }
    try:
        s = rq.session()
        res = s.get(song_url, headers=headers)
        soup = BS(res.content, 'lxml')
        # 获取歌手
        singer = str(soup.find('meta', {'property': 'og:music:artist'}))
        singer = split_Msg(singer)
        # 获取歌曲名
        song_name = str(soup.find('meta', {'property': 'og:title'}))
        song_name = split_Msg(song_name)
        # 获取歌曲时长
        song_duration = str(soup.find('meta', {'property': 'music:duration'}))
        song_duration = split_Msg(song_duration)
        m, s = divmod(int(song_duration), 60)
        song_duration = ("%02d:%02d" % (m, s))
        music_dict = {
            'song_num': SONG_NUM,
            'song_name': song_name,
            'singer': singer,
            'song_duration': song_duration
        }
        save_musicMsg(music_dict)
        # 歌曲名中/\\替换为空
        if '/' in song_name or '\\' in song_name or ':' in song_name:
            song_name = song_name.replace('/', '')
            song_name = song_name.replace('\\', '')
            song_name = song_name.replace(':', '')
        # 歌手名中/\\替换为&
        if '/' in singer or '\\' in singer or ':' in singer:
            singer = singer.replace('/', '&')
            singer = singer.replace('\\', '&')
            singer = singer.replace(':', '')
        dirName = singer+'-'+song_name
        print(dirName)

        return dirName
    except exceptions.HTTPError as e:
        print(e)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)


def getMusicList():
    headers = {
        'Referer': 'https://music.163.com',
        'Host': 'music.163.com',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9'
    }
    base_url = 'https://music.163.com/discover/toplist'
    s = rq.session()
    url = base_url
    response = s.get(url, headers=headers)
    soup = BS(response.content, "lxml")
    main = soup.find('ul', {'class': 'f-hide'})
    ls = main.find_all('a')
    songID_dic = {}  # key song_name ,value songID
    print('一共有'+str(len(ls))+'首歌')
    a = 1
    for music in ls:
        name = music.text
        ID = str(music['href'].replace('/song?id=', ''))
        name = name+'_'+str(a)
        a += 1
        songID_dic[name] = ID
        print("Name:{:30}\tID{:^10}".format(name, ID))
    print('一共有'+str(len(songID_dic))+'')
    return songID_dic


def main():
    global SONG_NUM
    songID_dic = getMusicList()
    rootDir = 'music'
    if os.path.exists(rootDir):
        print(rootDir+"文件夹已存在")
    else:
        os.mkdir(rootDir)
        print("创建文件夹"+rootDir)
    create_csv_head()
    for item in songID_dic:
        item_clear = item.split('_')[0]
        SONG_NUM += 1
        dirName = getMusicMsg(songID_dic[item])
        if dirName[-2:-1] == '.':
            dirName = dirName.replace('.', '·')
        musicDir = './'+rootDir+'/' + dirName
        if os.path.exists(musicDir):
            print(musicDir+"文件夹已存在")
        else:
            os.mkdir(musicDir)
        print("创建文件夹"+musicDir)
        if len(item_clear) > 75:
            item_clear = item_clear[:70]+'···'
        elif '.' in item_clear:
            item_clear = item_clear.replace('.', '·')
        print(item_clear, end="    \n")
        mp3_path = musicDir+'/'+item_clear+'.mp3'
        m4a_path = musicDir+'/'+item_clear+'.m4a'
        lyric_path = musicDir+'/'+item_clear+'.txt'
        num = str(SONG_NUM)
        print('='*50)
        getMusic(songID_dic[item], mp3_path, num)
        getMusic(songID_dic[item], m4a_path, num)
        print('*'*50)
        getMusicText(songID_dic[item], lyric_path, num)
        print('='*50)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    # getMusicList()
    # getMusicText("1994955842", "path")
    # getMusicMsg("1998931166")