没有有线网卡的笔记本如何在PVE下All in one?—NAS + Linux +win下载机

没有有线网卡的笔记本在PVE下All in one | NAS + Linux + Win下载机 (保姆级未完成版)


目录:
1、前言
2、PVE的安装
3、PVE联网前的准备工作
4、PVE使用无线网卡进行联网
5、PVE无线网卡的桥接
6、PVE下创建虚拟机:NAS + Linux + Win下载机


1、前言

十年前的旧笔记本,吃灰许久。在海鲜市场看了一下价值也不大,索性利用一下吧。之前弄了台J4125小主机做了all in one,买回来才发现不是刚需,吃了我家几度电便在海鲜市场出掉了。因为最近有NAS的需求,所以想在搞一台,便宜的吧性能不行 贵的吧买不起,于是锁定了这台笔记本。因为这个笔记本是低压U,应该也不会太耗电吧,过一阵买一个功率仪测一下。

因为没有软路由的需求,我也没有安装op、爱快,所以我这里就不写这一部分了。还有就是这篇博客的主要篇幅是写关于 如何让PVE使用无线网卡进行联网 和 无线网卡的桥接。so,如果你的设备有有线网卡 其实没必要往下看了 这只会浪费你的时间。大多数人都是用是有线网卡进行连接的,非常突出的优势:稳定。所以这篇博客可能能帮助到一小部分:设备没有有线网卡 又或者像我的电脑一样有有线网卡 但是tmd网口坏了 问了十多家店都没有这个口。有简单的方法就是买个USB有线网卡 ,有的网卡可能需要装一下驱动,这种方法要比弄无线网卡简单多,稳定性呢,这个我还真不好说,因为我之前买过一个有线网卡,当时是win系统使用,经常性的断联,当然也有可能是我usb网卡质量的原因。

我搞这些东西一直是信奉两个准则:稳定和简单。但是这个搞这个无线网卡确实是这几个可行性方案里最麻烦的,也不是最稳定的。直接买个有有线网卡的设备、用usb有线网卡,minipice有线网卡...... 这些都要比无线网卡要简单,稳定性的话真不好说(主板自带的有线网卡最稳定),因为我用了几天这个无线也确实还行。大家也可以试试这几个方案。那我为啥还选择这个无线网卡呢,这个确实是我经过多方面综合考量来做的决定,一是路由器的网口告急,家里的TV、机顶盒、网关都在用;二是,这个十来年的老笔记本放在电视柜上总是显得格格不入。所以呢,现阶段选择了它。后面我可能也会测测usb网卡、minipice有线网卡。

参考:

电脑只有无线网卡,pve如何联网 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)

Proxmox VE(PVE)连接WiFi及一些配置_proxmox连接wifi-CSDN博客

PVE 使用无线网卡 - 简书 (jianshu.com)

Proxmox(pve)使用无线网卡WIFI6-AX210教程 - 哔哩哔哩 (bilibili.com)

proxmox使用ax210连接无线网络 - 哔哩哔哩 (bilibili.com)

proxmox虚拟机使用NAT网络 - 哔哩哔哩 (bilibili.com)

Proxmox VE同时配置NAT共享IP和独立IP虚拟机 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)

网络配置 - Proxmox VE

pve下使用无线网卡做桥接的另一种解决方案:四地址模式-软路由,x86系统,openwrt(x86),Router OS 等-恩山无线论坛 (right.com.cn)

PVE联网及更换国内源 - 今天的努力 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

Proxmox VE(PVE)开启硬件直通(网卡+硬盘)_pve直通网卡-CSDN博客

[proxmox ve小技巧]把网卡都直通出去也能管理PVE的方法 - 哔哩哔哩 (bilibili.com)

Proxmox(pve)集群(8)创建虚拟机 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)

Proxmox VE(PVE)开启IOMMU功能实现硬件直通及直通错误解决_no iommu detected, please activate it.see document-CSDN博客

ProxmoxVE NAS/AIO实战- PCIe直通(Ryzen/A卡独显直通+SATA控制器直通) - 知乎 (zhihu.com)

Proxmox VE(PVE)直通显卡 踩坑经验 - 企鹅大大的博客 (qiedd.com)

intel 虚拟化 VT-d VT-x VT-c 有什么区别,各是什么意思,有什么作用 - rebeca8 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

PVE硬件直通之强制IOMMU分组_pve iommu分组-CSDN博客

佛西博客 - PVE开启硬件直通功能 (buduanwang.vip)

PCI直通 - Proxmox VE

Proxmox VE 中文手册 v7.3 --- Promxox VE 中文文档 7.1 文档 (pve-doc-cn.readthedocs.io)

感谢这些朋友前期的探索和无私分享,为我们后来者提供了非常大的帮助和便利。感谢 感恩!!!


2、PVE的安装

2.1 下载PVE镜像

PVE官网下载镜像:ISO - Proxmox Virtual Environment

选择你要安装的版本,我安装的是7.4,因为我的笔记本安装8.x有点问题,索性直接安装7.x版本。

后续想要升级更新版本,官网有教程:Downloads - Proxmox VE

2.2 镜像写入U盘

推荐一个非常好用的写盘软件 balenaetcher 官网下载地址:balenaEtcher - Flash OS images to SD cards & USB drives

这个步骤 就不写了

PS:如果你经常装机、制作启动盘推荐一个非常好用的启动盘制作工具 ventoy 官网:Ventoy

简单来说,Ventoy是一个制作可启动U盘的开源工具。

有了Ventoy无需反复地格式化U盘,你只需要把 ISO/WIM/IMG/等类型的文件直接拷贝到U盘里面就可以启动了,无需其他操作。

2.3 安装PVE

2.3.1 开机选择u盘启动

2.3.2 安装PVE

· 2.3.2.1-A

· 2.3.2.2-B

· 2.3.2.3-C

· 2.3.2.4-D

· 2.3.2.5-E

· 2.3.2.6-F

管理接口:选择你要使用的网卡

主机名:

IP地址(CIDR):

网关:

DNS服务器:

· 2.3.2.7-G

2.3.3 安装成功

安装成功后自动重启,会显示登录的IP地址和端口,可以通过 https://+IP地址+8006 进行登录管理,

但是现在你是用无线网卡进行连接,此时并没有联网,所以进不去管理界面,

现在我们可以通过PVE主机进行设置联网,之后才可以通过同一局域网的另一设备来进入登录管理界面

用户名:root 密码:安装界面 2.3.2.5-E 设置的密码

· 至此安装完成


3、PVE联网前的准备工作

3.1 查看网卡的名称

命令:ip a

一般来说en开头的是有线网卡,wl开头的是无线网卡。OK,现在我们记住无线网卡的名称:wlp2s0

不要记我的,记你自己的,不同的设备是不一样的

如果下面有显示你的网卡则代表驱动成功,否则需要安装你的网卡驱动

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ip a

3.2 安装无线工具

要使PVE能进行无线网连接那么我们需要安装两个工具,才能使PVE的无线网卡进行联网

· WiFi扫描工具:wireless-tools

· WiFi认证工具:wpasupplicant

· 如果你的设备有有线网卡,那么可以直接插有线进行安装

· 如果你有安卓或鸿蒙设备,则可以通过手机的USB网络共享,使PVE联网,进行在线安装

· 如果以上都无法用,那么你可以选择离线安装,只需要一个U盘

· 如果以上都无法用,那么还有一个非常好的方法,利用随身WiFi,如果你手上有的话

3.2.1 通过有线网络或者USB共享网络,进行在线安装无线工具

A. 先把你的有线网络插上 或者把手机用数据线连上电脑,且把手机的USB网络共享打开

C. 此时查看一下电脑有没有识别出来你的有线网卡或者是手机开启的USB网卡(usb0)

D. 上图我这里已经识别到了usb0,但是此时还不能上网,还需要配置一下,打开这个文件

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nano /etc/network/interfaces

使用手机的USB共享网络时,直接插电脑上是不会自动配置的,需要在 /etc/network/interfaces 中添加 :

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auto usb0
iface usb0 inet dhcp

E. 输入 reboot 重启 PVE

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reboot

F. 重启后 输入 ip a 看一下usb0网卡有没有IP地址 如果有 ping www.baidu.com 看一下通不通。

复制代码
ip a
ping www.baidu.com

G. ping通了 恭喜你 PVE宿主机已经成功联网,现在让我们来更新一下。但是现在的是官方源,有点慢,也不是不能用。

我没有换,因为现在还不能通过web界面来管理,还得通过宿主机来操作,所以这些字母你得一个一个打上去,我比较懒就没有打,选择了等待20分钟哈哈哈,我也把国内源放在这,自己选择

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# 更新证书,避免无法使用https协议
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates

替换国内源,文件地址:/etc/apt/sources.list 可先将其备份

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

文件替换内容:

默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free

复制代码
# 替换PVE软件源
文件地址:/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-enterprise.list
备份命令:cp /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-enterprise.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-enterprise.list.bak

替换内容:
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/proxmox/debian bullseye pve-no-subscription     
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#不换源直接跳到这一步
# 更新一下
apt-get update

H. 下一步,可以安装两个WiFi工具了

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apt-get install wpasupplicant wireless-tools

I. 恭喜安装成功,下一步可以开始设置连接WiFi了,可以直接跳到

3.2.2 离线安装无线工具

如果你的设备没有有线网口,不能使用USB共享网络,手上没有可用的随身WiFi,再选择使用这种方法,因为它相对麻烦

首先 你要准备一个u盘,另一个可以上此网站且可以连接U盘的设备

A. 确定PVE的Debian版本

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cat /etc/debian_version

B. 根据Debian版本来进行下载下载离线安装包和依赖并复制到U盘的根目录,把U盘插到设备上

在线下载:Packages for Linux and Unix - pkgs.org阿里巴巴开源镜像站-OPSX镜像站-阿里云开发者社区 (aliyun.com)

C. 检查PVE设备有没有识别你的u盘

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fdisk -l

D. 创建一个目录用于挂载u盘

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mkdir /usb

E. 把U盘 /dev/sdc1 挂载到 /usb 目录下 ,你的u盘可能是/dev/sdb1,根据3.2.2-C的图,系统识别出来的名称。

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mount /dev/sdc1 /usb

F. 进入U盘目录,可查看U盘里文件

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cd /usb

G. 开始安装,先安装依赖(l开头的是依赖),后安装工具

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dpkg -i xxx+Tab补全

H. 都安装成功后,卸载u盘,无线工具安装成功,reboot重启一下。下面简单配置一下就可以使PVE宿主机联网了

复制代码
cd
umount /dev/sdc1
reboot


4、PVE使用无线网卡进行联网

4.1 配置网络文件

A. 扫描WiFi,如果出现:Interface doesn't support scanning : Network is down 要开启一下网卡:ifup 网卡名称

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iwlist wlp2s0 scanning

B. 获取wifi连接的密码的密文

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wpa_passphrase WiFi的SSID WiFi密码

C. 配置网络文件

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nano /etc/network/interfaces

两种联网方式,一、指定静态ip;二、dhcp自动分配ip。因为后面还得进行桥接配置,所以我就选择比较简单的dhcp方式

复制代码
# 指定静态ip

auto wlp2s0 
iface wlp2s0 inet static
    address 192.168.1.3/24
    gateway 192.168.1.1
    wpa-ssid xxxxxx
    wpa-psk xxxxxxxxxxxxx 


# dhcp自动分配ip

auto wlp2s0
iface wlp2s0 inet dhcp
    wpa-ssid xxxxxx
    wpa-psk xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

因为PVE不支持无线网卡的桥接,所以要关闭虚拟网卡桥接无线网卡,否则无法进行联网。

如果你的电脑只有无线网卡,或者在安装的时候你选择了无线网卡,那么默认生成的配置就会使用无线网卡来作为桥接的网卡

复制代码
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.100.2/24
        gateway 192.168.100.1
        bridge-ports enp3s0  #enp3s0是虚拟网卡桥接的网卡,如果是你的无线网卡,你需要改成none,即:bridge-ports none
复制代码
bridge-stp off bridge-fd 0

如果你之前设置了USB网络共享,记得删除它。

至此,网络配置完成。reboot重启设备。

ping www.baidu.com 看看通不通,恭喜你。

如果不通 可能需要你来启动一下无线网卡:

ifup 网卡名称 ------打开网卡 (ifdown 网卡名称------关闭网卡 )

4.2 使用同一局域网的其他设备来管理PVE设备

A. 查看PVE的IP地址,ip a

复制代码
ip a

B. 登录PVE的web管理页面

使用同一局域网的另一设备进入

https:// + 你的ip地址 + :8006/


5、PVE只有无线网卡实现桥接

5.1 目前的方案

A. 使用NAT网络。在pve中使用一个虚拟网口作为网关,通过设置ipv4转发将所有请求到这个虚拟网口的流量转发到无线网卡上,从而实现pve中使用无线网卡为虚拟机提供网络 PVE 使用无线网卡 - 简书 (jianshu.com)

虚拟机对pve的上级设备(路由器)不可见,因为所有流量都是通过ipv4转发到无线网卡上的,对路由器而言流量就像是来自pve本身,而非虚拟机,因此外部设备(比如路由器,或另一台电脑)想访问虚拟机就得手动在pve中设置路由表

虚拟机内需要做额外的IP设置才能实现转发,或PVE同时需要作为dhcp-server

B. 使用用win去桥接。将所有网络设备全部直通给一个精简版的win,使用用win去桥接

非必要使用win,单独为了桥接开一个win,占用设备资源

C. 四地址模式。通过在数据包包含一个额外的MAC地址字段,使得无线网卡可以知道数据包是为桥接的其他设备而发送的,解决了无线网络无法直接作为桥接端口的问题 pve下使用无线网卡做桥接的另一种解决方案:四地址模式-软路由,x86系统,openwrt(x86),Router OS 等-恩山无线论坛 (right.com.cn)

你的无线网卡和无线接入点必须得支持四地址模式

iw list命令,输出信息找到"Supported interface modes"部分,如果有 "AP/VLAN"或"mesh point",那么你的无线网卡应该支持四地址模式。

5.1节参考文章:pve下使用无线网卡做桥接的另一种解决方案:四地址模式-软路由,x86系统,openwrt(x86),Router OS 等-恩山无线论坛 (right.com.cn)

5.2 虚拟机桥接配置

因为本来就有用win来做下载机的打算,所以对于我来说不算占用设备资源,我选择5.1-B的方案

另外两个方案,我有挂大佬的配置链接,根据自己的需求,选择适合自己的方式

5.1.1 Win10虚拟机的安装

A. 在web管理界面,上传Win10的镜像

B. 创建虚拟机

C. 选择IOS镜像,选择客户机操作系统,如果是Linux的系统客户机操作系统那里,保持默认就好。

D. 系统配置

显卡:根据自己的需求进行选择,我这里没有对显卡的特殊需求,故选择默认即可

机型:按需选择

i440fx:一个旧的主板模拟类型,它模拟的是 Intel 440FX 主板,该主板用于早期的 x86 架构计算机。i440fx 是一种较为传统和兼容性较高的选择,适用于需要与老旧操作系统或特定硬件环境兼容的情况。然而,i440fx 在一些高级特性方面可能有一些限制,并且不支持某些现代技术。

q35:一种更现代的主板模拟类型,它模拟的是 Intel Q35 Express 芯片组,该芯片组用于较新的 x86 架构计算机。q35 提供了更多的功能和先进的虚拟化特性,如 PCI Express 设备的直通、高级电源管理等。它在性能和功能方面相对较好,适用于大多数现代虚拟化场景。

SCSI控制器:按需选择

virtIO SCSI:virtIO SCSI 是一种在虚拟化环境中常用的高性能虚拟存储控制器。它通过使用 QEMU 的 virtIO 驱动程序和 SCSI 协议实现,提供了较低的虚拟化开销和更好的性能。virtIO SCSI 可以与虚拟机中的客户操作系统进行直接通信,提供快速、可靠的存储访问。

virtIO SCSI Single:virtIO SCSI Single 是 virtIO SCSI 控制器的一个变种,它只有一个队列。相比于普通的 virtIO SCSI,它在一些场景中可能会有较低的性能,但对于某些特定的用例或旧版本的操作系统可能更适用。

MegaRAID SAS 8708EM2:MegaRAID SAS 8708EM2 是一款物理存储控制器,用于管理和控制 SATA 和 SAS 硬盘驱动器。它是 LSI Logic(现在是 Broadcom)生产的硬件 RAID 控制器,支持多种 RAID 级别和高级功能,如热插拔、缓存和数据保护。

LSI 53C810:LSI 53C810 是一款旧版的 SCSI 控制器,用于连接和管理 SCSI 设备。它是古老的硬件设备,通常在过去用于连接磁盘驱动器、磁带机等 SCSI 设备。

LSI 53C895A:LSI 53C895A 是一款先进的 SCSI 控制器,也用于连接和管理 SCSI 设备。它提供更高的性能和更多的功能,支持广泛的 SCSI 设备和高级特性。

E. 磁盘

总线/设备:

IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics)是一种较旧的接口标准,用于将存储设备(例如硬盘和光驱)连接到计算机。它已经被较新的标准如SATA所取代。

SATA(Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)是一种现代的接口标准,用于将存储设备连接到计算机。相比IDE,它提供更快的数据传输速度和更好的性能。

VirtIO block是一种虚拟化接口,可以使虚拟机有效地访问存储设备。它为运行在虚拟机中的客户操作系统与超级监视程序或主机系统的存储子系统之间提供了标准化的通信方式。

SCSI(Small Computer System Interface)是一组标准,定义了计算机和外部设备(包括存储设备)之间的通信方式。SCSI最初设计用于将多个设备连接到单个总线,但随着时间的推移,它不断发展,并包括支持不同传输速度和技术的各种版本和协议。

缓存:

无缓存(No cache):数据直接读写到磁盘,没有使用任何缓存。这种方式可以保证数据的持久性和一致性,但读写性能较低。

Direct sync(直接同步):数据先被写入缓存,然后同步写入磁盘。在数据同步完成之前,系统会阻塞等待磁盘操作完成的确认信号。这种方式可以提高写入性能,但仍保证了数据的持久性和一致性。

Write through(写透):数据先被写入缓存,然后立即被写入磁盘。写入缓存和写入磁盘是同时进行的,不需要等待磁盘操作的确认。这种方式可以提高写入性能,但对于读取操作,仍需要从磁盘中获取数据,可能降低读取性能。

Write back(写回):数据首先被写入缓存,然后根据一定的策略异步写入磁盘。在此期间,应用程序可以继续执行其他操作,而不需要等待磁盘操作完成的确认。这种方式可以显著提高写入性能,但存在数据丢失的风险,因为在数据写入磁盘之前发生系统崩溃或断电时,缓存中的数据会丢失。

Writeback(不安全的写回):与"Write back"相似,但没有提供有效的机制来保护数据免受系统崩溃或断电的影响。这种方式的优势是更高的写入性能,但风险更大,可能导致数据丢失或不一致。因此,它通常用于对数据完整性要求较低、但需要更高性能的应用场景。

异步IO:

io_uring是一个Linux内核提供的异步I/O框架,它可以实现高效的非阻塞I/O操作。通过使用io_uring,应用程序可以在发起I/O请求后继续执行其他任务,而无需等待I/O操作完成,从而提高了系统的并发性和吞吐量。

Native通常指的是原生线程(native threads)。原生线程是由操作系统直接支持和管理的线程,与特定的编程语言或库无关。使用原生线程可以充分利用操作系统提供的多线程调度和同步机制,但也可能会面临线程创建、销毁和上下文切换等开销较大的问题。

Threads(线程)是一种轻量级的执行单元,可以在应用程序中并发执行不同的任务。线程可以是原生线程,也可以是由编程语言或库提供的抽象层实现的用户级线程。用户级线程使用协作式调度而不是操作系统的调度机制,并且其创建和切换的开销较小,但在某些情况下可能受到系统资源限制或阻塞调用的影响。

F. CPU、内存

根据自己的CPU和客户机的大概使用资源来填写合适的

G. 网络

模型:

Intel E1000:这是一种基于软件仿真的虚拟网络适配器,模拟了Intel 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet控制器。E1000广泛用于许多虚拟化平台,性能稳定且兼容性良好。

VirtIO半虚拟化:VirtIO是一种半虚拟化技术,通过在虚拟机和宿主机之间共享驱动程序和设备模型来提供高性能和低延迟的网络通信。VirtIO网络适配器需要使用相应的VirtIO驱动程序来实现。

Realtek RTL8139:这是一种基于软件仿真的虚拟网络适配器,模拟了Realtek RTL8139 Fast Ethernet控制器。RTL8139适用于一些虚拟化平台,但性能可能相对较低。

VMware VMXNET3:这是VMware开发的高性能虚拟网络适配器,专门为VMware虚拟化环境优化。VMXNET3提供了高速数据传输、低CPU利用率和更好的网络性能,适用于在VMware虚拟机上运行的场景。

H. 完成安装

5.1.2 配置桥接

md 卡在直通了,

我在英特尔官网:英特尔® 产品规格高级搜索 (intel.com) 确认了,这个cpu型号的支持,

还在win下用英特尔的官方软件检测了支持,英特尔® 处理器标识实用程序 - Windows* 版本 (intel.cn)

文件也进行了配置

复制代码
/etc/default/grub

GRUB_DEFAULT=0

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

复制代码
update-grub


/etc/modules

vfio
vfio_iommu_type1
vfio_pci
vfio_virqfd

update-initramfs -u -k all

reboot

根据官网步骤:https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/PCI_Passthrough 和其他网友的步骤来进行验证

复制代码
root@pve:~# dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU
[    0.048212] DMAR: IOMMU enabled
root@pve:~# dmesg | grep 'remapping'
[    0.137483] x2apic: IRQ remapping doesn't support X2APIC mode
root@pve:~# 

# 貌似,问题出在了  dmesg | grep 'remapping' 
# 按照官网的说法:

如果你看到以下一行:

  • AMD-Vi: Interrupt remapping enabled
  • DMAR-IR: Enabled IRQ remapping in x2apic mode ('x2apic' can be different on old CPUs, but should still work)DMAR-IR: Enabled IRQ remapping in x2apic mode ('x2apic' 在老的 CPU 上可能有所不同,但仍然可以工作)

那么支持重映射。

然而,我的则输出:x2apic: IRQ remapping doesn't support X2APIC mode

那么我便开始尝试,官网给出的解决方案:

If your system doesn't support interrupt remapping, you can allow unsafe interrupts with:如果你的系统不支持中断重映射,你可以使用以下命令来允许不安全的中断:

echo "options vfio_iommu_type1 allow_unsafe_interrupts=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/iommu_unsafe_interrupts.conf

然而输出结果仍是:

root@pve:~# dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU

[ 0.048333] DMAR: IOMMU enabled

root@pve:~# dmesg | grep 'remapping'

[ 0.137838] x2apic: IRQ remapping doesn't support X2APIC mode

root@pve:~#


我去问了gpt,他给我的回答:

gtp:

根据您提供的dmesg输出,可以看到系统中的IOMMU已经被启用。这表明您的Proxmox Virtual Environment主机已经启用了IOMMU硬件虚拟化支持,这是硬件直通功能的前提之一。

关于"IRQ remapping doesn't support X2APIC mode"的消息,这个消息通常是由于系统检测到x2APIC模式下的IRQ重映射不受支持而引起的。x2APIC是一种高级的APIC(高级可编程中断控制器)模式,通常用于提高性能和扩展性。这个消息本身并不一定表示问题,只是系统提示IRQ重映射在x2APIC模式下不支持。

在大多数情况下,这个消息并不会导致硬件直通功能的问题。如果您在配置硬件直通或在使用虚拟机时遇到性能或稳定性问题,可以考虑将系统切换回传统的APIC模式,以查看是否有改善。

如果您有任何其他关于硬件直通或Proxmox Virtual Environment的问题,欢迎继续提问,我会尽力帮助您解决问题。

我:

如何切换:考虑将系统切换回传统的APIC模式

gpt:

要将系统切换回传统的APIC模式,您可以在系统引导时通过内核参数来指定。下面是一般步骤:

1. **编辑GRUB配置**:

- 打开终端并编辑GRUB配置文件。通常,GRUB配置文件位于`/etc/default/grub`。

- 找到`GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX`行,这里列出了内核启动参数。

- 在引号内添加`nox2apic`参数。确保在其他参数之间用空格分隔。

2. **更新GRUB配置**:

- 保存更改后,运行以下命令更新GRUB配置:`sudo update-grub`。

3. **重启系统**:

- 重新启动您的系统,以使更改生效。

在系统重新启动后,系统将以传统的APIC模式启动,而不是x2APIC模式。这可能会对硬件直通的性能或稳定性产生影响,具体影响可能因系统和硬件配置而异。如果您在切换回传统APIC模式后遇到任何问题,请记得可以随时再次编辑GRUB配置文件并删除`nox2apic`参数来恢复默认设置。

请在执行此操作之前确保您了解正在进行的更改,并根据您的具体情况谨慎操作。如果您需要更多帮助或有其他问题,请随时告诉我。

输出结果:

root@pve:~# dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU

[ 0.047596] DMAR: IOMMU enabled

root@pve:~# dmesg | grep 'remapping'

root@pve:~#

是的,x2apic: IRQ remapping doesn't support X2APIC mode ,这行输出没有了。我把这个信息反馈给gpt,然后他并没给我有用的可行方案。

目前看来,我的IOMMU已经启用,除了,DMAR: IOMMU enabled,没有任何输出信息。是不是还没有进行分组呢?

官网给出的下一个步骤:

Verify IOMMU isolation 验证 IOMMU 隔离

For working PCI passthrough, you need a dedicated IOMMU group for all PCI devices you want to assign to a VM.对于PCI直通,您需要一个专用的IOMMU组,用于所有您希望分配给VM的PCI设备。

root@pve:~# find /sys/kernel/iommu_groups/ -type l

root@pve:~#

这将列出每个IOMMU组中的设备。如果每个组中只有一个设备,则表示IOMMU没有正确进行分组

没有任何输出信息,

To have separate IOMMU groups, your processor needs to have support for a feature called ACS (Access Control Services). Make sure you enable the corresponding setting in your BIOS for this.

要拥有独立的 IOMMU 组,您的处理器需要支持一个称为 ACS (访问控制服务)的特性。请确保您在 BIOS 中启用了相应的设置。

If you don't have dedicated IOMMU groups, you can try moving the card to another PCI slot.

如果您没有专用的 IOMMU 组,您可以尝试将该卡移动到另一个 PCI 插槽。

Should that not work, you can try using Alex Williamson's ACS override patch. However, this should be seen as a last option and is not without risks.

如果这不起作用,您可以尝试使用 Alex Williamson 的 ACS 覆盖补丁。然而,这应该被视为最后的选择,并且不是没有风险。

As of writing, the ACS patch is part of the Proxmox VE kernel and can be invoked via Editing the kernel command line. Addto the kernel boot command line (grub or systemd-boot) options.

在撰写本文时,ACS补丁是Proxmox VE内核的一部分,可以通过编辑内核命令行来调用。

复制代码
pcie_acs_override=downstream

随后我在,/etc/default/grub中,进行了修改:

GRUB_DEFAULT=0

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on pcie_acs_override=downstream video=vesafb:off vide>

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nox2apic"

#也尝试了,GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on pcie_acs_override=downstream,multifunction"

然而并不起作用。只是给我这样的输出信息:

root@pve:~# dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU

[ 0.000000] Warning: PCIe ACS overrides enabled; This may allow non-IOMMU protected peer-to-peer DMA

[ 0.047964] DMAR: IOMMU enabled

root@pve:~# dmesg | grep 'remapping'

root@pve:~# find /sys/kernel/iommu_groups/ -type l

root@pve:~#

检查是否直接支持IOMMU分组,lspci -vv,如果设备信息中支持ACS(Access Control Services),便可直接通过设置开启IOMMU分组。若不支持ACS,需要更新内核,关闭ACS检查,开启IOMMU分组,

/* 检查是否存在Capabilities: Access Control Services*/

Capabilities: [2a0] Access Control Services

哪位大佬可以搞定,欢迎留言指出,我将会不胜感激。


root@pve:~# dmesg | grep iommu

[ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-6.5.11-8-pve root=/dev/mapper/pve-root ro nox2apic quiet intel_iommu=on pcie_acs_override=downstream video=vesafb:off video=efifb:off

[ 0.047783] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-6.5.11-8-pve root=/dev/mapper/pve-root ro nox2apic quiet intel_iommu=on pcie_acs_override=downstream video=vesafb:off video=efifb:off

[ 0.569130] iommu: Default domain type: Translated

[ 0.569130] iommu: DMA domain TLB invalidation policy: lazy mode

root@pve:~#

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

root@pve:~# lspci

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 08)

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] (rev 07)

00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 21)

00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem (rev 21)

00:15.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 21)

00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI #1 (rev 21)

00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 21)

00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev f1)

00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev f1)

00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #6 (rev f1)

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller (rev 21)

00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PMC (rev 21)

00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio (rev 21)

00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SMBus (rev 21)

01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208BM [GeForce 920M] (rev a1)

01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GK208 HDMI/DP Audio Controller (rev a1)

02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165 Plus Bluetooth (rev 79)

03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)

root@pve:~#


root@pve:~# lspci -k

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 08)

Subsystem: Lenovo Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers

Kernel driver in use: skl_uncore

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] (rev 07)

Subsystem: Lenovo Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520]

Kernel driver in use: i915

Kernel modules: i915

00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller

Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd

Kernel modules: xhci_pci

00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem

Kernel driver in use: intel_pch_thermal

Kernel modules: intel_pch_thermal

00:15.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP Serial IO I2C Controller

Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss

Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci

00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI #1 (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI

Kernel driver in use: mei_me

Kernel modules: mei_me

00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI mode]

Kernel driver in use: ahci

Kernel modules: ahci

00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev f1)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev f1)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #6 (rev f1)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller

00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PMC (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PMC

00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio

Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel

Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_soc_skl, snd_soc_avs, snd_sof_pci_intel_skl

00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SMBus (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP SMBus

Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus

Kernel modules: i2c_i801

01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208BM [GeForce 920M] (rev a1)

Subsystem: Lenovo GK208BM [GeForce 920M]

Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau

01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GK208 HDMI/DP Audio Controller (rev a1)

Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel

Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel

02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165 Plus Bluetooth (rev 79)

Subsystem: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165

Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi

Kernel modules: iwlwifi

03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)

Subsystem: Lenovo RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller

Kernel driver in use: r8169

Kernel modules: r8169

root@pve:~#


root@pve:~# lspci -vv

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 08)

Subsystem: Lenovo Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=10 <?>

Kernel driver in use: skl_uncore

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] (rev 07) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])

Subsystem: Lenovo Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520]

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 128

Region 0: Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]

Region 2: Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]

Region 4: I/O ports at e000 [size=64]

Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=128K]

Capabilities: [40] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>

Capabilities: [70] Express (v2) Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0

ExtTag- RBE+ FLReset+

DevCtl: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq-

RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop- FLReset-

MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Not Supported, TimeoutDis- NROPrPrP- LTR-

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS-

AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled,

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-

Capabilities: [ac] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-

Address: fee08004 Data: 0024

Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2

Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [100 v1] Process Address Space ID (PASID)

PASIDCap: Exec+ Priv-, Max PASID Width: 14

PASIDCtl: Enable- Exec- Priv-

Capabilities: [200 v1] Address Translation Service (ATS)

ATSCap: Invalidate Queue Depth: 00

ATSCtl: Enable-, Smallest Translation Unit: 00

Capabilities: [300 v1] Page Request Interface (PRI)

PRICtl: Enable- Reset-

PRISta: RF- UPRGI- Stopped-

Page Request Capacity: 00008000, Page Request Allocation: 00000000

Kernel driver in use: i915

Kernel modules: i915

00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 21) (prog-if 30 [XHCI])

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 124

Region 0: Memory at d2300000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]

Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D3 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable+ DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 00000000fee08004 Data: 0023

Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd

Kernel modules: xhci_pci

00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 18

Region 0: Memory at d232a000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]

Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-

Address: 00000000 Data: 0000

Kernel driver in use: intel_pch_thermal

Kernel modules: intel_pch_thermal

00:15.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP Serial IO I2C Controller

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16

Region 0: Memory at d232b000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]

Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)

Status: D3 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [90] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>

Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss

Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci

00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI #1 (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 126

Region 0: Memory at d232c000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]

Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold-)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [8c] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 00000000fee01004 Data: 0023

Kernel driver in use: mei_me

Kernel modules: mei_me

00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 21) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0])

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI mode]

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 123

Region 0: Memory at d2328000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K]

Region 1: Memory at d2331000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]

Region 2: I/O ports at e080 [size=8]

Region 3: I/O ports at e088 [size=4]

Region 4: I/O ports at e060 [size=32]

Region 5: Memory at d232f000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]

Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-

Address: fee04004 Data: 0023

Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold-)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA v1.0 BAR4 Offset=00000004

Kernel driver in use: ahci

Kernel modules: ahci

00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 120

Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0

I/O behind bridge: d000-dfff [size=4K] [16-bit]

Memory behind bridge: d1000000-d20fffff [size=17M] [32-bit]

Prefetchable memory behind bridge: a0000000-b1ffffff [size=288M] [32-bit]

Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ <SERR- <PERR-

BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- VGA16- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-

PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-

Capabilities: [40] Express (v2) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0

ExtTag- RBE+

DevCtl: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr+ FatalErr+ UnsupReq+

RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-

MaxPayload 256 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #1, Speed 5GT/s, Width x4, ASPM not supported

ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot+ ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 5GT/s, Width x4

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive+ BWMgmt+ ABWMgmt-

SltCap: AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug- Surprise-

Slot #0, PowerLimit 25W; Interlock- NoCompl+

SltCtl: Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet- CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-

Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-

SltSta: Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet+ Interlock-

Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState+

RootCap: CRSVisible-

RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna+ CRSVisible-

RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range ABC, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR+

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- LN System CLS Not Supported, TPHComp- ExtTPHComp- ARIFwd+

AtomicOpsCap: Routing- 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR+ 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled, ARIFwd-

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn- EgressBlck-

LnkCap2: Supported Link Speeds: 2.5-5GT/s, Crosslink- Retimer- 2Retimers- DRS-

LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-

Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-

Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -6dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-

Address: fee04004 Data: 0021

Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [100 v1] Advanced Error Reporting

UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt+ RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UESvrt: DLP+ SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-

CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+

AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap- ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap- ECRCChkEn-

MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-

HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

RootCmd: CERptEn+ NFERptEn+ FERptEn+

RootSta: CERcvd- MultCERcvd- UERcvd- MultUERcvd-

FirstFatal- NonFatalMsg- FatalMsg- IntMsg 0

ErrorSrc: ERR_COR: 0000 ERR_FATAL/NONFATAL: 0000

Capabilities: [140 v1] Access Control Services

ACSCap: SrcValid+ TransBlk+ ReqRedir+ CmpltRedir+ UpstreamFwd- EgressCtrl- DirectTrans-

ACSCtl: SrcValid- TransBlk- ReqRedir- CmpltRedir- UpstreamFwd- EgressCtrl- DirectTrans-

Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 121

Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0

I/O behind bridge: [disabled] [16-bit]

Memory behind bridge: d2200000-d22fffff [size=1M] [32-bit]

Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled] [64-bit]

Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ <SERR- <PERR-

BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- VGA16- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-

PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-

Capabilities: [40] Express (v2) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0

ExtTag- RBE+

DevCtl: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq-

RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-

MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #5, Speed 5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L1, Exit Latency L1 <16us

ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot+ ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM L1 Enabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive+ BWMgmt+ ABWMgmt-

SltCap: AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug- Surprise-

Slot #4, PowerLimit 10W; Interlock- NoCompl+

SltCtl: Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet- CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-

Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-

SltSta: Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet+ Interlock-

Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState+

RootCap: CRSVisible-

RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna+ CRSVisible-

RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range ABC, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR+

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- LN System CLS Not Supported, TPHComp- ExtTPHComp- ARIFwd+

AtomicOpsCap: Routing- 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR+ 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled, ARIFwd-

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn- EgressBlck-

LnkCap2: Supported Link Speeds: 2.5-5GT/s, Crosslink- Retimer- 2Retimers- DRS-

LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-

Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-

Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -3.5dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-

Address: fee08004 Data: 0021

Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [100 v0] Null

Capabilities: [140 v1] Access Control Services

ACSCap: SrcValid+ TransBlk+ ReqRedir+ CmpltRedir+ UpstreamFwd- EgressCtrl- DirectTrans-

ACSCtl: SrcValid- TransBlk- ReqRedir- CmpltRedir- UpstreamFwd- EgressCtrl- DirectTrans-

Capabilities: [200 v1] L1 PM Substates

L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+

PortCommonModeRestoreTime=40us PortTPowerOnTime=10us

L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+

T_CommonMode=40us LTR1.2_Threshold=106496ns

L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=60us

Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #6 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 122

Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0

I/O behind bridge: c000-cfff [size=4K] [16-bit]

Memory behind bridge: d2100000-d21fffff [size=1M] [32-bit]

Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled] [64-bit]

Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ <SERR- <PERR-

BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA- VGA- VGA16- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B-

PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn-

Capabilities: [40] Express (v2) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0

ExtTag- RBE+

DevCtl: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr+ FatalErr+ UnsupReq+

RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-

MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #6, Speed 5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L1, Exit Latency L1 <16us

ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep+ BwNot+ ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive+ BWMgmt+ ABWMgmt-

SltCap: AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug- Surprise-

Slot #5, PowerLimit 10W; Interlock- NoCompl+

SltCtl: Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet- CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg-

Control: AttnInd Unknown, PwrInd Unknown, Power- Interlock-

SltSta: Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL- CmdCplt- PresDet+ Interlock-

Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState+

RootCap: CRSVisible-

RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna+ CRSVisible-

RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range ABC, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR+

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- LN System CLS Not Supported, TPHComp- ExtTPHComp- ARIFwd+

AtomicOpsCap: Routing- 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR+ 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled, ARIFwd-

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn- EgressBlck-

LnkCap2: Supported Link Speeds: 2.5-5GT/s, Crosslink- Retimer- 2Retimers- DRS-

LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-

Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-

Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -3.5dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-

Address: fee01004 Data: 0021

Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port

Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [100 v1] Advanced Error Reporting

UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt+ RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UESvrt: DLP+ SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-

CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+

AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap- ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap- ECRCChkEn-

MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-

HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

RootCmd: CERptEn+ NFERptEn+ FERptEn+

RootSta: CERcvd- MultCERcvd- UERcvd- MultUERcvd-

FirstFatal- NonFatalMsg- FatalMsg- IntMsg 0

ErrorSrc: ERR_COR: 0000 ERR_FATAL/NONFATAL: 0000

Capabilities: [140 v1] Access Control Services

ACSCap: SrcValid+ TransBlk+ ReqRedir+ CmpltRedir+ UpstreamFwd- EgressCtrl- DirectTrans-

ACSCtl: SrcValid- TransBlk- ReqRedir- CmpltRedir- UpstreamFwd- EgressCtrl- DirectTrans-

Capabilities: [200 v1] L1 PM Substates

L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+

PortCommonModeRestoreTime=40us PortTPowerOnTime=10us

L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2- PCI-PM_L1.1- ASPM_L1.2- ASPM_L1.1-

T_CommonMode=150us LTR1.2_Threshold=306176ns

L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=150us

Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PMC (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP PMC

Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Region 0: Memory at d2324000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] [size=16K]

00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 64

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 129

Region 0: Memory at d2320000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]

Region 4: Memory at d2310000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]

Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=55mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D3 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable+ DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 00000000fee01004 Data: 0024

Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel

Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_soc_skl, snd_soc_avs, snd_sof_pci_intel_skl

00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SMBus (rev 21)

Subsystem: Lenovo Sunrise Point-LP SMBus

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16

Region 0: Memory at d2330000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]

Region 4: I/O ports at efa0 [size=32]

Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus

Kernel modules: i2c_i801

01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208BM [GeForce 920M] (rev a1)

Subsystem: Lenovo GK208BM [GeForce 920M]

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 255

Region 0: Memory at d1000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]

Region 1: Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]

Region 3: Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]

Region 5: I/O ports at d000 [disabled] [size=128]

Expansion ROM at d2080000 [disabled] [size=512K]

Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000

Capabilities: [78] Express (v2) Endpoint, MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us

ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset- SlotPowerLimit 25W

DevCtl: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq-

RlxdOrd+ ExtTag+ PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+

MaxPayload 256 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 8GT/s, Width x8, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <4us

ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 5GT/s (downgraded), Width x4 (downgraded)

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range AB, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR-

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- TPHComp- ExtTPHComp-

AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled,

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-

LnkCap2: Supported Link Speeds: 2.5-8GT/s, Crosslink- Retimer- 2Retimers- DRS-

LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 8GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-

Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-

Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -6dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel

Caps: LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1

Arb: Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-

Ctrl: ArbSelect=Fixed

Status: InProgress-

VC0: Caps: PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-

Arb: Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-

Ctrl: Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff

Status: NegoPending- InProgress-

Capabilities: [128 v1] Power Budgeting <?>

Capabilities: [600 v1] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>

Capabilities: [900 v1] Secondary PCI Express

LnkCtl3: LnkEquIntrruptEn- PerformEqu-

LaneErrStat: 0

Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau

01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GK208 HDMI/DP Audio Controller (rev a1)

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 17

Region 0: Memory at d2000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]

Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-)

Status: D3 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000

Capabilities: [78] Express (v2) Endpoint, MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us

ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset- SlotPowerLimit 25W

DevCtl: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq-

RlxdOrd+ ExtTag+ PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+

MaxPayload 256 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 8GT/s, Width x8, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <4us

ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 5GT/s (downgraded), Width x4 (downgraded)

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range AB, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR-

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Not Supported, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- TPHComp- ExtTPHComp-

AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled,

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -6dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel

Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel

02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165 Plus Bluetooth (rev 79)

Subsystem: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165

Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 127

Region 0: Memory at d2200000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K]

Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 00000000fee04004 Data: 0024

Capabilities: [40] Express (v2) Endpoint, MSI 00

DevCap: MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <512ns, L1 unlimited

ExtTag- AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset+ SlotPowerLimit 0W

DevCtl: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr+ FatalErr+ UnsupReq+

RlxdOrd+ ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr+ NoSnoop+ FLReset-

MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 128 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq+ AuxPwr+ TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L1, Exit Latency L1 <32us

ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM L1 Enabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range B, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR+

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Via WAKE#, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- TPHComp- ExtTPHComp-

AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 16ms to 55ms, TimeoutDis- LTR+ 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled,

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-

LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 2.5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-

Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-

Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -3.5dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Capabilities: [100 v1] Advanced Error Reporting

UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-

CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+

AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap- ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap- ECRCChkEn-

MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-

HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Capabilities: [140 v1] Device Serial Number 4c-34-88-ff-ff-be-e9-93

Capabilities: [14c v1] Latency Tolerance Reporting

Max snoop latency: 3145728ns

Max no snoop latency: 3145728ns

Capabilities: [154 v1] L1 PM Substates

L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+

PortCommonModeRestoreTime=30us PortTPowerOnTime=60us

L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+

T_CommonMode=0us LTR1.2_Threshold=106496ns

L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=60us

Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi

Kernel modules: iwlwifi

03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)

Subsystem: Lenovo RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller

Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+

Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-

Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes

Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17

Region 0: I/O ports at c000 [size=256]

Region 2: Memory at d2104000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]

Region 4: Memory at d2100000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]

Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3

Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)

Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-

Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+

Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000

Capabilities: [70] Express (v2) Endpoint, MSI 01

DevCap: MaxPayload 128 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <64us

ExtTag- AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset- SlotPowerLimit 10W

DevCtl: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr+ FatalErr+ UnsupReq+

RlxdOrd+ ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-

MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 4096 bytes

DevSta: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq+ AuxPwr+ TransPend-

LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us

ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+

LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+

ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-

LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1

TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-

DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range ABCD, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR+

10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Via message/WAKE#, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-

EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-

FRS- TPHComp- ExtTPHComp-

AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-

DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR+ 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled,

AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-

LnkCap2: Supported Link Speeds: 2.5GT/s, Crosslink- Retimer- 2Retimers- DRS-

LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 2.5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-

Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-

Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot

LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -6dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-

EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-

Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported

Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=4 Masked-

Vector table: BAR=4 offset=00000000

PBA: BAR=4 offset=00000800

Capabilities: [100 v2] Advanced Error Reporting

UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-

CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-

CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+

AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap+ ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap+ ECRCChkEn-

MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-

HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Capabilities: [140 v1] Virtual Channel

Caps: LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1

Arb: Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-

Ctrl: ArbSelect=Fixed

Status: InProgress-

VC0: Caps: PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-

Arb: Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-

Ctrl: Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff

Status: NegoPending- InProgress-

Capabilities: [160 v1] Device Serial Number 01-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00

Capabilities: [170 v1] Latency Tolerance Reporting

Max snoop latency: 3145728ns

Max no snoop latency: 3145728ns

Capabilities: [178 v1] L1 PM Substates

L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+

PortCommonModeRestoreTime=150us PortTPowerOnTime=150us

L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2- PCI-PM_L1.1- ASPM_L1.2- ASPM_L1.1-

T_CommonMode=0us LTR1.2_Threshold=306176ns

L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=150us

Kernel driver in use: r8169

Kernel modules: r8169

root@pve:~#

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