为了创建一个通用的Excel解析工具类,我们需要考虑以下几点:
- 泛型支持,以便能够处理不同类型的Java对象。
- 映射机制,以将Excel列映射到Java对象的字段。
- 错误处理和日志记录。
以下是一个简化的通用Excel解析工具类的示例
java
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>5.2.3</version> <!-- 使用时请检查最新版本 -->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>5.2.3</version> <!-- 使用时请检查最新版本 -->
</dependency>
java
@Data
public class MyEntity {
/**
* name
*/
@ExcelColumn(index = 0, name = "name")
private long name;
/**
*age
*/
@ExcelColumn(index = 1, name = "age")
private long age;
}
java
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface ExcelColumn {
int index() default -1; // 列的索引,从0开始
String name() default ""; // 列名,可以与Excel中的标题对应
}
java
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.CollectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.MapUtils;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.*;
public class ExcelParserUtil {
/**
* excel解析工具类
*
* @param inputStream
* @param clazz
* @param <T>
* @return
*/
public static <T> List<T> parseExcel(InputStream inputStream, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {
List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> failReasonList = new ArrayList<>();
int execRow = 1;
try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream)) {
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); // 假设我们只处理第一个工作表
Row headerRow = sheet.getRow(0); // 假设第一行是标题行
// 读取实体类的字段注解,构建字段名和列索引的映射
Map<String, Integer> fieldIndexMap = new HashMap<>();
Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
ExcelColumn excelColumn = field.getAnnotation(ExcelColumn.class);
if (excelColumn != null && excelColumn.index() >= 0) {
field.setAccessible(true);
fieldIndexMap.put(field.getName(), excelColumn.index());
}
}
// 跳过标题行,从第二行开始解析数据
for (int i = 1; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
T instance = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : fieldIndexMap.entrySet()) {
try {
String fieldName = entry.getKey();
int columnIndex = entry.getValue();
Cell cell = row.getCell(columnIndex);
if (cell != null) {
Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
setFieldValue(instance, field, cell);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
failReasonList.add("第" + execRow + "行解析错误:" + e.getMessage());
}
}
execRow++;
result.add(instance);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception("parseExcel->数据解析错误:", e);
}
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(failReasonList)) {
//System.out.println(JSON.toJSON(failReasonList));
throw new Exception(JSON.toJSONString(failReasonList.subList(0, failReasonList.size() > 20 ? 20 : failReasonList.size())));
}
return result;
}
private static void setFieldValue(Object instance, Field field, Cell cell) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
Class<?> fieldType = field.getType();
field.setAccessible(true);
// 总是将Cell设置为STRING类型,以确保我们可以获取字符串值
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
String cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
if (String.class.equals(fieldType)) {
field.set(instance, cell.getStringCellValue());
} else if (Integer.class.equals(fieldType) || int.class.equals(fieldType)) {
field.setInt(instance, Integer.parseInt(cellValue));
} else if (Long.class.equals(fieldType) || long.class.equals(fieldType)) {
field.setLong(instance, Long.parseLong(cellValue));
} else if (Double.class.equals(fieldType) || double.class.equals(fieldType)) {
field.setDouble(instance, Double.parseDouble(cellValue));
} else if (Boolean.class.equals(fieldType) || boolean.class.equals(fieldType)) {
field.setBoolean(instance, Boolean.parseBoolean(cellValue));
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("Unsupported field type: " + fieldType.getName());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
// 假设你有一个方法可以从某个地方获取输入流,这里我们用一个示例输入流代替
ExcelParserUtil parser = new ExcelParserUtil();
File file = new File("/Users/xxx/Downloads/xxx.xlsx"); // 替换为你的文件路径
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
try {
if (inputStream != null) {
List<MyEntity> entityList = parser.parseExcel(inputStream, MyEntity.class);
// 输出解析结果
for (MyEntity entity : entityList) {
System.out.println(entity.toString());
}
} else {
System.out.println("无法找到或加载Excel文件。");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}