前言
三栏布局，顾名思义就是两边固定，中间自适应。
最终效果如下图所示：
布局方式
流体布局
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.left {
float: left;
height: 200px;
width: 100px;
background-color: red;
}
.right {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background-color: blue;
float: right;
}
.main {
margin-left: 120px;
margin-right: 220px;
height: 200px;
background-color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
<div class="main"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>左右模块各自向左右浮动，并设置中间模块的margin值使中间模块宽度自适应。缺点就是主要内容无法最先加载，当页面内容较多时会影响用户体验。
BFC 三栏布局
BFC 规则有这样的描述：BFC元素，不会与浮动元素重叠。因此我们可以利用这一点来实现三列布局。
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.left {
float: left;
height: 200px;
width: 100px;
margin-right: 20px;
background-color: red;
}
.right {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
float: right;
margin-left: 20px;
background-color: blue;
}
.main {
height: 200px;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
<div class="main"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>缺点跟方法一类似，主要内容模块无法最先加载，当页面中内容较多时会影响用户体验。
双飞翼布局
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.content {
float: left;
width: 100%;
}
.main {
height: 200px;
margin-left: 110px;
margin-right: 220px;
background-color: green;
}
.left {
float: left;
height: 200px;
width: 100px;
margin-left: -100%;
background-color: red;
}
.right {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
float: right;
margin-left: -200px;
background-color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="content">
<div class="main"></div>
</div>
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
</body>
</html>利用的是浮动元素margin负值的应用，。主体内容可以优先加载。
圣杯布局
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.container {
margin-left: 120px;
margin-right: 220px;
}
.main {
float: left;
width: 100%;
height: 300px;
background-color: red;
}
.left {
float: left;
width: 100px;
height: 300px;
margin-left: -100%;
position: relative;
left: -120px;
background-color: blue;
}
.right {
float: left;
width: 200px;
height: 300px;
margin-left: -200px;
position: relative;
right: -220px;
background-color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="main"></div>
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>跟双飞翼布局很像，有一些细节上的区别，相对于双飞翼布局来说，HTML结构相对简单，样式定义复杂一些。
Flex布局
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.container {
display: flex;
}
.main {
flex-grow: 1;
height: 300px;
background-color: red;
}
.left {
order: -1;
flex: 0 1 200px;
margin-right: 20px;
height: 300px;
background-color: blue;
}
.right {
flex: 0 1 100px;
margin-left: 20px;
height: 300px;
background-color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="main"></div>
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>Table布局
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.container {
display: table;
width: 100%;
}
.left, .main, .right {
display: table-cell;
}
.left {
width: 200px;
height: 300px;
background-color: red;
}
.main {
background-color: blue;
}
.right {
width: 100px;
height: 300px;
background-color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="main"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>缺点：无法设置栏间距
绝对定位布局
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<style>
.container {
position: relative;
}
.main {
height: 400px;
margin: 0 120px;
background-color: green;
}
.left {
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 300px;
left: 0;
top: 0;
background-color: red;
}
.right {
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 300px;
background-color: blue;
right: 0;
top: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="main"></div>
<div class="left"></div>
<div class="right"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>