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| ## 简介 随着移动应用的不断发展，数据可视化成为提高用户体验和数据交流的重要手段之一。在 OpenAtom OpenHarmony（简称"OpenHarmony"）应用开发中，一个强大而灵活的图表库是实现这一目标的关键。 在 ohpm 中心仓（OpenHarmony三方库中心仓）中，汇聚了众多开发者贡献的图表库，其中之一就是 MPChart。自其发布以来，MPChart 已被广泛应用于各类应用程序，它为开发者提供了丰富的功能和灵活性，使得创建各种类型的图表变得轻而易举。 ## 效果图 ## 
特性与优势 1. 多样的图表类型： MPChart 支持多种图表类型，从基本的折线图、柱状图、圆饼图、散点图到更复杂的蜡烛图、雷达图、瀑布图和组合图等，开发者可以根据项目需要选择最适合的图表类型。 2. 高度可定制： 该库允许开发者通过代码自定义图表的外观和行为，从而实现个性化的设计，可以定制图表的颜色、字体、坐标轴样式等，以满足项目的 UI 需求。 3. 动画效果： MPChart 内置了丰富的动画效果，使得图表的展示更加生动有趣。这不仅提升了用户体验，也使得数据的变化更加直观。 ## 新版本使用说明 MPChart 在 2023 年 6 月 1 日推出了首个正式版 2.0.0，该版本主要利用 Path 和 Shape 组件实现了图表的绘制。而后，经过了多个版本的优化与迭代，在 2024 年 1 月 8 日，MPChart 迎来重大更新，发布了采用 Canvas 组件绘制的重构版本 3.0.0-rc.0，标志着 MPChart 库进入全新阶段。与先前版本相比，重构版本在细节处理和功能拓展上均进行了显著优化，同时要求 SDK 版本在 API10 以上。截至发稿前，MPChart 重构版本还处于 rc 版本阶段。 以下是 MPChart 重构版本新增和优化的一些功能： 1. 图表支持按百分比设置宽高尺寸；且当图表尺寸调整时，能够自动重绘以适配新的大小，确保内容的准确展示。 BarChart({ model: this.model }) .width('100%') .height('70%') 1. 新增图表横向滚动功能，使得宽幅数据图表得以部分显示。用户仅需滑动屏幕便可逐步浏览全部信息。该功能不仅提升了信息的细节展示，还扩大了可视内容的范围。 2. 新增了对自定义点击、长按、双击、拖拽等事件的支持。用户可以设置监听器监听这些交互，并且支持引入自定义组件以响应这些动作。 3. 对组合图进行了扩展，新增设置瀑布图的支持。 4. 对手势缩放以及双击缩放的交互进行了优化，提高了操作的流畅性。 5. 提供了更加简化的使用体验，使用时需要定义的代码量更少。 这些改进使得 MPChart 更加易用且功能丰富，满足了用户对高效图表工具的需求。 因代码重构，MPChart 2.7.0 及以下版本（以下简称"2.7 版本"）使用的方法和 MPChart 3.0.0-rc.0 及以上版本（以下检查"3.0 版本"）略有不同，接下来分别介绍使用方法。 ### 一、 创建图表对象 首先需要创建一个 model 对象，用来承载图表数据。 1）3.0 版本 this.model = new LineChartModel(); 2）2.7 版本 2.7 版本需要在创建 model 对象并且传入数据后调用 init 方法进行初始化。 this.model = new LineChartModel(); //省略传入数据代码 model.init(); ### 二、 设置图表数据 1）3.0 版本 // 创建一个 JArrayList 对象，用于存储 EntryOhos 类型的数据 let values: JArrayList<EntryOhos> = new JArrayList<EntryOhos>(); // 循环生成 1 到 20 的随机数据，并添加到 values 中 for (let i = 1; i <= 20; i++) { values.add(new EntryOhos(i, Math.random() * 100)); } // 创建 LineDataSet 对象，使用 values 数据，并设置数据集的名称为 'DataSet' let dataSet = new LineDataSet(values, 'DataSet'); let dataSetList: JArrayList<ILineDataSet> = new JArrayList<ILineDataSet>(); dataSetList.add(dataSet); // 创建 LineData 对象，使用 dataSetList数据，并将其传递给model let lineData: LineData = new LineData(dataSetList); this.model.setData(lineData); 使用 JArrayList 存储 EntryOhos 类型的数据，然后通过 LineDataSet 和 LineData 对象来设置图表的数据集。最后，将数据传递给 model。在 2.7 版本中，需要将最后一行的 setData 方法替换为 setLineData 方法，即 this.model.setLineData(lineData)。 ### 三、 引入图表组件 在页面布局中引入 LineChart 组件，可通过属性设置图表的宽高，背景色等。 1）3.0 版本 LineChart({ model: this.model }) .width('100%') .height('100%') .backgroundColor(Color.White) 2）2.7 版本 2.7 版本不支持通过组件.width 和.height 设置宽高属性，而是通过 model 的 setWidth()和 setHeight()方法设置宽高，并且不能设置百分比宽高，只能设置固定的数值宽高。 aboutToAppear() { //... this.model.setWidth(300); this.model.setHeight(300); this.model.init(); } LineChart({ lineChartModel: model }) 通过以上三步即可创建一个基础的 LineChart，效果图如下：  3.0 版本的页面完整代码如下： import { JArrayList,EntryOhos,LineDataSet,ILineDataSet,LineData,LineChart,LineChartModel, } from '@ohos/mpchart'; @Entry @Component struct Index { private model: LineChartModel = new LineChartModel(); aboutToAppear() { // 创建一个 JArrayList 对象，用于存储 EntryOhos 类型的数据 let values: JArrayList
### 五、 MPChart 常见问题 1 . 如何隐藏 Y 轴线 this.model.getAxisLeft().setEnabled(false) //隐藏左边Y轴轴线，此时标签数字也隐藏 如果想隐藏轴线但是想显示数字标签： this.model.getAxisRight().setDrawAxisLine(false); 2 . 如何控制 Y 轴线数据标签个数 this.model.getAxisLeft().setLabelCount(8, false);//设置了8个 3 . 如何设置轴线颜色，宽度等信息 let leftAxis = this.model.getAxisLeft(); leftAxis.setPosition(YAxisLabelPosition.OUTSIDE_CHART);//显示轴线在图表内部则使用INSIDE_CHART this.leftAxis.setAxisLineColor(ColorTemplate.rgb("#ff0000"));//设置轴线颜色 leftAxis.setAxisLineWidth(1);// 设置轴线宽度 leftAxis.setTextSize(20);//设置y轴标签字体大小 leftAxis.setDrawGridLines(true);//设置显示网格线 ## 下载安装 下载和安装 MPChart 可以通过以下命令完成： ohpm install @ohos/mpchart OpenHarmony ohpm 环境配置等更多内容，请参考如何安装 OpenHarmony ohpm 包 ## 源码链接 如果您对 MPChart 的源代码感兴趣，可以在以下链接找到它的源码： OpenHarmony-SIG/ohos-MPChart，请随时查阅这些资源，以获取关于 MPChart 的更多信息和详细说明。如果大家对 OpenHarmony 开源三方库有更多的诉求和问题，欢迎在 OpenHarmony 开发者论坛三方库专区一起研讨：标签 - JS/ArkTS三方库 OpenHarmony开发者论坛 | |