【Azure Developer】如何通过Azure Portal快速获取到对应操作的API并转换为Python代码

问题描述

对于Azure资源进行配置操作,门户上可以正常操作。但是想通过Python代码实现,这样可以批量处理。那么在没有SDK的情况下,是否有快速办法呢?

问题解答

当然可以,Azure Portal上操作的所有资源都是通过REST API来实现的,所以只要找到正确的API,就可以通过浏览器中抓取到的请求Body/Header来实现转换为Python代码。

第一步:打开浏览器开发者模式(F12), 查看操作所发送的API请求

比如在操作对Resource group 进行Tags修改的时候,抓取到发送的请求为:https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/batch?api-version=2020-06-01, 所以把它的URL, Authorization,Payload内容都复制到文本编辑器中。

第二步:复制请求的Body/Header,特别是Authorization

从第一步发出的请求中复制的内容示例:

复制代码
Host URL: https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/batch?api-version=2020-06-01
Authorization: Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsIng1dCI6InpfMk...........
Payload: 
{"requests":[{"content":{"operation":"Replace","properties":{"tags":{"test":"test","test1":"test2"}}},
"httpMethod":"PATCH","name":"xxxx-xx8","requestHeaderDetails":{"commandName":"HubsExtension.ArmTags.patchResourceTags"},
"url":"/subscriptions/xxxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/adls-rg/providers/Microsoft.Resources/tags/default?api-version=2019-10-01"}]}

复制好请求的Body,Header等信息后,组合成可以正确使用的URL, Authorization,Request Body。

第三步:在Postman等发送API的工具中测试请求是否成功,本处使用 VS Code 插件 Thunder Client

把第二步中的内容,填入到发送REST API的工具中验证,结果显示 200,修改成功。

第四步:转换为Python代码,并测试运行是否成功

在Thunder Client的Response窗口点击"{ }" 按钮,并选择Python 语言,复制示例代码。

Python示例代码(替换为正确的Access Token 和 SubscriptionID , Resource Group名称后,代码正常运行):

复制代码
import http.client
import json

conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection("management.chinacloudapi.cn")

headersList = {
 "Accept": "*/*",
 "User-Agent": "Thunder Client (https://www.thunderclient.com)",
 "Authorization": "Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJ.......",
 "Content-Type": "application/json" 
}

payload = json.dumps({
  "operation": "Replace",
  "properties": {
    "tags": {
      "test": "test",
      "test1": "test2"
    }
  }
})

conn.request("PATCH", "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/xxxx/providers/Microsoft.Resources/tags/default?api-version=2019-10-01", payload, headersList)
response = conn.getresponse()
result = response.read()

print(result.decode("utf-8"))

第五步:用Python Code替换 hardcode Authorization

使用azure.identity来完成认证和显示获取AccessToken

复制代码
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential 

##get access token
credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
accessToken = credential.get_token("https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/.default")
print(accessToken.token)

在结合第四步的Python代码后,就可以实现实时获取Access Token,并Python代码发送REST API.

完整示例代码:

复制代码
import http.client
import json
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential 

##get access token
credential = DefaultAzureCredential()

accessToken = credential.get_token("https://management.chinacloudapi.cn/.default")

#print(accessToken.token)

## Send API
conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection("management.chinacloudapi.cn")

headersList = {
 "Accept": "*/*",
 "User-Agent": "Thunder Client (https://www.thunderclient.com)",
 "Authorization": "Bearer " +accessToken.token,
 "Content-Type": "application/json" 
}

payload = json.dumps({
  "operation": "Replace",
  "properties": {
    "tags": {
      "test": "test",
      "test1": "test2"
    }
  }
})

conn.request("PATCH", "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/xxxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Resources/tags/default?api-version=2019-10-01", payload, headersList)
response = conn.getresponse()
result = response.read()

print(result.decode("utf-8"))

参考资料

Thunder Client for VS Code : https://www.thunderclient.com/