Android Compose 五：常用组件 TextField

1、基本使用

1.1 随便用用

TextField(value = "吃吃吃", onValueChange = {})

结果

• 点击输入框可以弹出软键盘
• 光标显示正常 到文字最后位置
• 文字 "吃吃吃" 无法删除
• 输入文本无法变更
  

1.2 使用

 val text = remember {mutableStateOf("这一个输入框") }
TextField(
       value = text.value,
       onValueChange = {text.value = it},
   )

结果：

可正常输入删除 value参数 需要一个动态的值来表示显示

1.3 enabled 默认true 是否可用

enabled = false 不可用

结果

• 输入框不可操作 约等于 文本显示效果

1.4 readOnly 默认false 是否只读

readOnly = true

TextField(
           value = text.value,
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           modifier = Modifier.clickable {
              Log.i("text_compose","点击>>")
           },
           readOnly = true,
       )

结果

• 点击不弹出输入框
• 点击有选中效果 但点击事件未触发
• 文字可通过设置 text.value变更
  
  

1.5 textStyle 基本上与Text的style 一样

Text 的 style: TextStyle = LocalTextStyle.current

TextField 的 textStyle: TextStyle = LocalTextStyle.current,

 constructor(
        color: Color = Color.Unspecified,    // 与Text的color效果一致 设置文字颜色   优先级低于 Text的color
        fontSize: TextUnit = TextUnit.Unspecified,  //设置字体大小   优先级低于 Text的
        fontWeight: FontWeight? = null,   //设置字体权重   优先级低于 Text的
        fontStyle: FontStyle? = null,   //设置字体斜体   优先级低于 Text的
        fontSynthesis: FontSynthesis? = null,     大概可能就是使用的fontFamily 没有粗体或者斜体的时候，系统给造一个
        fontFamily: FontFamily? = null,   //设置字体  草书什么的
        fontFeatureSettings: String? = null,   //字体的高级设置  与 CCS一致
        letterSpacing: TextUnit = TextUnit.Unspecified,     //文字间隔
        baselineShift: BaselineShift? = null,    //文字基线
        textGeometricTransform: TextGeometricTransform? = null,   //缩放与倾斜
        localeList: LocaleList? = null,
        background: Color = Color.Unspecified,   //背景
        textDecoration: TextDecoration? = null,     //下划线删除线
        shadow: Shadow? = null,   //阴影
        textAlign: TextAlign? = null,       //对齐方式
        textDirection: TextDirection? = null,  //文字方向
        lineHeight: TextUnit = TextUnit.Unspecified, //行高
        textIndent: TextIndent? = null  //缩进
    )

1.5.1 TextStyle - color

textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000)
           ),

效果

1.5.2 TextStyle - fontSize

textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp
           ),

1.5.3 TextStyle - fontWeight

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold
           ),

效果

1.5.4 TextStyle - fontStyle

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
           ),

结果

1.5.5 TextStyle - baselineShift

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f)
           ),

结果

1.5.6 TextStyle - textGeometricTransform

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f)
           ),

结果

1.5.7 TextStyle - background

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
               background = Color(0xFF00FF00)
           ),

效果

1.5.8 TextStyle - textDecoration

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
               background = Color(0xFF00FF00),
               textDecoration = TextDecoration.LineThrough
           ),

效果

1.5.9 TextStyle - shadow

textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
               background = Color(0xFF00FF00),
               textDecoration = TextDecoration.LineThrough,
               shadow = Shadow(color= Color(0xFF0000FF), Offset(5f,10f),3f)
           ),

效果

1.5.10 TextStyle - textAlign

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
               background = Color(0xFF00FF00),
               textDecoration = TextDecoration.LineThrough,
               shadow = Shadow(color= Color(0xFF0000FF), Offset(5f,10f),3f),
               textAlign = TextAlign.Right
           ),

效果

1.5.11 TextStyle - textDirection 文字方向 从右往左或从左往右

• Rtl right to left

• Ltr left to right

  textStyle = TextStyle(
  color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
  fontSize = 50.sp,
  fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
  fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
  baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
  textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
  background = Color(0xFF00FF00),
  textDecoration = TextDecoration.LineThrough,
  shadow = Shadow(color= Color(0xFF0000FF), Offset(5f,10f),3f),
  textAlign = TextAlign.Right,
  textDirection = TextDirection.Rtl
  ),

效果： 测试手机无效果

1.5.12 TextStyle - lineHeight

 textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
               background = Color(0xFF00FF00),
               textDecoration = TextDecoration.LineThrough,
               shadow = Shadow(color= Color(0xFF0000FF), Offset(5f,10f),3f),
               textAlign = TextAlign.Right,
               textDirection = TextDirection.Rtl,
               lineHeight = 200.sp
           ),

结果 无效果

1.5.13 TextStyle - textIndent

textStyle = TextStyle(
               color = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               fontSize = 50.sp,
               fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
               fontStyle = FontStyle.Italic,
               baselineShift = BaselineShift(0.6f),
               textGeometricTransform = TextGeometricTransform(0.5f,0.5f),
               background = Color(0xFF00FF00),
               textDecoration = TextDecoration.LineThrough,
               shadow = Shadow(color= Color(0xFF0000FF), Offset(5f,10f),3f),
               textAlign = TextAlign.Right,
               textDirection = TextDirection.Rtl,
               lineHeight = 200.sp,
               textIndent = TextIndent(50.sp,100.sp)
           ),

效果

1.5 label 输入框的标签

val text = remember {
        mutableStateOf("")
    }
TextField(
           value = text.value,
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           modifier = Modifier.clickable {
              Log.i("text_compose","点击>>")
           },
           label = {Text(text = "这是一个lable")},

       )

效果

如果text有默认值

val text = remember {
        mutableStateOf("这一个输入框")
    }

效果

1.6 placeholder 占位内容 当文本框为空时显示

• val text = remember { mutableStateOf("") } //不设置默认值

• 删除lable

  val text = remember {
  mutableStateOf("")
  }

      TextField(
          value = text.value,
          onValueChange = {text.value = it},
          modifier = Modifier.clickable {
             Log.i("text_compose","点击>>")
          },
  
          placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
      )
  

效果如下

1.7 leadingIcon trailingIcon

 TextField(
           value = text.value,
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           modifier = Modifier.clickable {
              Log.i("text_compose","点击>>")
           },

           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           leadingIcon = {
               Image(painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_cattle), contentDescription = "")
           },
           trailingIcon = {
               Image(painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_cattle), contentDescription = "")
           },
       )

效果

1.8 supportingText

 TextField(
           value = text.value,
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           modifier = Modifier.clickable {
              Log.i("text_compose","点击>>")
           },

           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           leadingIcon = {
               Image(painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_cattle), contentDescription = "")
           },
           trailingIcon = {
               Image(painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_cattle), contentDescription = "")
           },
           supportingText = {Text(text = "这是一个supportingText")},
       )

效果

isError = true,

实现有错误时，文本框底部提醒功能

• 场景，列入 登录时的 账号不存在，或者密码错误

  val text = remember {
  mutableStateOf("")
  }

       val isError = remember {
           mutableStateOf(false)
       }
  
       TextField(
           value = text.value,
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           modifier = Modifier.clickable {
              Log.i("text_compose","点击>>")
           },
  
           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           leadingIcon = {
               Image(painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_cattle), contentDescription = "")
           },
           trailingIcon = {
               Image(painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_cattle), contentDescription = "")
           },
           supportingText = {
               AnimatedVisibility(visible = isError.value){
                   Text(text = "这是一个supportingText")
               }
            },
           isError = isError.value,
       )
  
       Text(text = "点我", modifier = Modifier.clickable {
           isError.value = !isError.value }, )
  

效果

1.9 visualTransformation 把输入的文字转换成指定的字符

密码加密

visualTransformation = PasswordVisualTransformation()

效果

也可以指定字符

 visualTransformation = PasswordVisualTransformation(mask = '啦')

效果就是输入的字符全变成啦

1.10 keyboardOptions 设置键盘类型 和 发送/确认/go按钮的文字

弹出密码键盘

keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions(
               keyboardType = KeyboardType.Password
           )

keyboardType = KeyboardType.Number

imeAction

imeAction = ImeAction.Next

imeAction = ImeAction.Search 键盘按钮变成搜索

1.11 keyboardActions 触发键盘的按钮发送事件

 TextField(
           value = text.value,
           modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           singleLine = true,
           keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions(imeAction = ImeAction.Next),
           keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(
               onAny = {
                   Log.i("text_compose","KeyboardActions>>")
               }
           ),
           colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
               focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Red,
               unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Blue,
               containerColor = Color.Transparent,
               textColor = TEXT_COLOR_333,
               placeholderColor = TEXT_COLOR_999,
               cursorColor = Color.Cyan
           )
       )

效果，日志

1.12 singleLine 是否一行

1.13 maxLines 最大行数 与singleLine 互斥

maxLines = 3, 最大三行

1.14 interactionSource 用于设置交互源，以便对输入框进行手势交互

1.15 shape输入框的形状

设置圆角矩形

shape = RoundedCornerShape(20.dp)

效果

1.16 colors 所有的颜色都通过此设置

例如 无焦点相关 获取到焦点相关 光标颜色 内容 文字 背景 等颜色

 TextField(
           value = text.value,
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           shape = CircleShape,
           colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
               focusedIndicatorColor = Color(0xFFFF0000),
               disabledIndicatorColor = Color(0xFF00FF00),
               unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color(0xFF0000FF),
           )
       )

未获取焦点时 底部横线颜色

获取焦点时底部横线颜色

自定义输入框背景样式

1 圆角矩形

• 去除底部横线

  colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
  focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Transparent,
  disabledIndicatorColor = Color.Transparent,
  unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Transparent,
  )

  TextField(
  value = text.value,
  modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
  onValueChange = {text.value = it},
  placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
  shape = RoundedCornerShape(10),
  colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
  focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Transparent,
  disabledIndicatorColor = Color.Transparent,
  unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Transparent,
  containerColor = Color.Red,
  textColor = Color.White,
  placeholderColor = Color.White
  )
  )

效果：

2 椭圆

修改shape

shape = CircleShape,

3 下滑线

TextField(
           value = text.value,
           modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
               focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Red,
               unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Blue,
               containerColor = Color.Transparent,
               textColor = TEXT_COLOR_333,
               placeholderColor = TEXT_COLOR_999
           )
       )

效果

获取焦点后

4设置光标颜色 cursorColor = Color.Cyan

 colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
               focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Red,
               unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Blue,
               containerColor = Color.Transparent,
               textColor = TEXT_COLOR_333,
               placeholderColor = TEXT_COLOR_999,
               cursorColor = Color.Cyan
           )

输入变化监听

就使用

 onValueChange = {text.value = it},

键盘弹出与隐藏

 val keyboardController = LocalSoftwareKeyboardController.current

 TextField(
           value = text.value,
           modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           singleLine = true,
           keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions(imeAction = ImeAction.Next),
           keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(
               onAny = {
                   Log.i("text_compose","KeyboardActions>>")
               }
           ),
           colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
               focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Red,
               unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Blue,
               containerColor = Color.Transparent,
               textColor = TEXT_COLOR_333,
               placeholderColor = TEXT_COLOR_999,
               cursorColor = Color.Cyan
           )
       )


       Text(
           text = "弹出软键盘",
           modifier = Modifier.clickable { keyboardController?.show() }
       )
       Text(
           text = "隐藏软键盘",
           modifier = Modifier.clickable { keyboardController?.hide() }
       )

弹出软键盘 需要在软键盘弹出一次，的情况下才有效果（也就是TextField获取到焦点之后），否则不会弹出

键盘弹出与隐藏监听 用到再瞅

聊天布局效果

 Column(modifier = Modifier) {

  
       Box(
           modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)
       ) {

       }

       val text = remember {
           mutableStateOf("")
       }
       TextField(
           value = text.value,
           modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
           onValueChange = {text.value = it},
           placeholder = {Text(text = "这是一个placeholder")},
           singleLine = true,
           keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions(imeAction = ImeAction.Next),
           keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(
               onAny = {
                   Log.i("text_compose","KeyboardActions>>")
               }
           ),
           colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
               focusedIndicatorColor = Color.Red,
               unfocusedIndicatorColor = Color.Blue,
               containerColor = Color.Transparent,
               textColor = TEXT_COLOR_333,
               placeholderColor = TEXT_COLOR_999,
               cursorColor = Color.Cyan
           )
       )
   }