docker基础镜像

一、配置 docker

本地源

[docker-ce-stable]

name=Docker CE Stable

baseurl=http://10.35.186.181/docker-ce-stable/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0
配置阿里云Docker Yum源

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git

yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2、安装完成后启动

bash 复制代码

启动Docker服务：
    #systemctl enable docker
    #systemctl start docker
查看Docker版本
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 27.0.3, build 7d4bcd8

[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           27.0.3
 API version:       1.46
 Go version:        go1.21.11
 Git commit:        7d4bcd8
 Built:             Sat Jun 29 00:04:07 2024
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          27.0.3
  API version:      1.46 (minimum version 1.24)
  Go version:       go1.21.11
  Git commit:       662f78c
  Built:            Sat Jun 29 00:02:31 2024
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.7.18
  GitCommit:        ae71819c4f5e67bb4d5ae76a6b735f29cc25774e
 runc:
  Version:          1.7.18
  GitCommit:        v1.1.13-0-g58aa920
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

bash 复制代码

查看docker运行状态
[root@localhost ~]# docker info
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:    27.0.3
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v0.15.1
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
  compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v2.28.1
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose

Server:
 Containers: 4
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 4
 Images: 2
 Server Version: 27.0.3
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Using metacopy: false
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: systemd
 Cgroup Version: 2
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: ae71819c4f5e67bb4d5ae76a6b735f29cc25774e
 runc version: v1.1.13-0-g58aa920
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: builtin
  cgroupns
 Kernel Version: 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4.x86_64
 Operating System: Rocky Linux 9.4 (Blue Onyx)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 2
 Total Memory: 1.703GiB
 Name: localhost.localdomain
 ID: bc83f6a9-af90-4cbf-aaad-f9025ff827e2
 Docker Root Dir: /docker-data
 Debug Mode: false
 Username: fucancan987
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://do.nark.eu.org/
  https://dc.j8.work/
  https://pilvpemn.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
  https://docker.m.daocloud.io/
  https://dockerproxy.com/
  https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/
  https://docker.nju.edu.cn/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

3、生产 doker 的配置环境（加入多个国内镜像源）

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'

{

"registry-mirrors": [

"https://do.nark.eu.org",

"https://dc.j8.work",

"https://pilvpemn.mirror.aliyuncs.com",

"https://docker.m.daocloud.io",

"https://dockerproxy.com",

"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",

"https://docker.nju.edu.cn"

],

"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],

"log-driver": "json-file",

"log-opts": {

"max-size": "100m"

},

"storage-driver": "overlay2"

}

EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl restart docker

#注意：一定注意编码问题，出现错误---查看命令：journalctl -amu docker 即可发现错误

4、登入登出 docker hub

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# docker login
Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to er.com/ to create one.
You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is requitions using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/

Username: fucancan987
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credential-stores

Login Succeeded


[root@localhost ~]# docker logout
Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/

5、配置数据存放位置

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

[Service]

Type=notify

the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still

exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required

for containers run by docker

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --data-root=/docker-data #加入此参数可以设定docker的文件目录位置，如果没有需要创建

ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

TimeoutStartSec=0

RestartSec=2

Restart=always

配置保存完毕后需要初始化

systemctl daemon-reload

二、docker 操作

1、查看当前 docker 镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

fucancan987/practice nginx fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

nginx latest fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

test latest fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

rockylinux latest 210996f98b85 2 years ago 205MB

2、运行 docker 镜像

直接运行容器，推出后容器就会关闭

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it rockylinux:latest /bin/bash
[root@5228639101f2 /]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (183.2.172.185) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 183.2.172.185 (183.2.172.185): icmp_seq=1 ttl=127 time=42.1 ms
64 bytes from 183.2.172.185 (183.2.172.185): icmp_seq=2 ttl=127 time=74.3 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 42.088/58.207/74.326/16.119 ms
[root@5228639101f2 /]# exit
exit

-d 后台运行容器

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd rockylinux:latest /bin/bash
93d642bf9d8d28206ffdf0f8ae3a8febc415d7428b28a89743c5804521327086
[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
93d642bf9d8d   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"   59 seconds ago   Up 58 seconds             sharp_hertz
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach sharp_hertz
[root@93d642bf9d8d /]# exit
exit

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
b46abdcb5d30   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"              12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes                         wizardly_ganguly
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it b46abdcb5d30 /bin/bash

3、停止、删除 docker 镜像 stop rm

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
b46abdcb5d30   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"   42 minutes ago   Up 42 minutes             wizardly_ganguly
[root@localhost docker-data]# docker stop b46abdcb5d30
b46abdcb5d30
[root@localhost docker-data]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
b46abdcb5d30   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"              43 minutes ago   Exited (0) 13 seconds ago             wizardly_ganguly
93d642bf9d8d   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"              47 minutes ago   Exited (0) 43 minutes ago             sharp_hertz
5228639101f2   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"              48 minutes ago   Exited (0) 47 minutes ago             agitated_wu
f888743a2d22   rockylinux          "/bin/bash"              5 hours ago      Exited (127) 5 hours ago              admiring_goldstine
2ea9b1b927ad   nginx               "/docker-entrypoint...."   5 hours ago      Exited (0) 5 hours ago                some-nginx
04c1365e723c   nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint...."   5 hours ago      Exited (127) 5 hours ago              confident_lamarr
a3cc60263ed6   nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint...."   5 hours ago      Exited (0) 5 hours ago                cranky_lamport
[root@localhost docker-data]# docker rm b46abdcb5d30
b46abdcb5d30
[root@localhost docker-data]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
93d642bf9d8d   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"              47 minutes ago   Exited (0) 44 minutes ago             sharp_hertz
5228639101f2   rockylinux:latest   "/bin/bash"              48 minutes ago   Exited (0) 48 minutes ago             agitated_wu
f888743a2d22   rockylinux          "/bin/bash"              5 hours ago      Exited (127) 5 hours ago              admiring_goldstine
2ea9b1b927ad   nginx               "/docker-entrypoint...."   5 hours ago      Exited (0) 5 hours ago                some-nginx
04c1365e723c   nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint...."   5 hours ago      Exited (127) 5 hours ago              confident_lamarr
a3cc60263ed6   nginx:latest        "/docker-entrypoint...."   5 hours ago      Exited (0) 5 hours ago                cranky_lamport
[root@localhost docker-data]#

3、将 docker 镜像打包到本地 docker save

[root@localhost ~]# docker save rockylinux:latest > rockylinux_93.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# ls

rockylinux_93.tar.gz

4 、导入本地 docker 包

[root@localhost ~]# docker load -i rockylinux_93.tar.gz

65dbea0a4b39: Loading layer [==================================================>] 211.3MB/211.3MB

Loaded image: rockylinux:latest

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

rockylinux latest 210996f98b85 2 years ago 205MB

三、上传镜像

1、dockerhub 创建账户，创建一个镜像仓库

1.1 创建 tag 名

docker tag REPOSITORY:TAG your REPOSITORY:new tag

打一个 tag，告诉是你自己创建的镜像空间下的

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker tag rockylinux:9.3 fucancan987/practice:9.3

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker login

Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one.

You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/

Username: fucancan987

Password:

WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.

Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See

https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credential-stores

Login Succeeded

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

mysql 8.4 da8f2a99cf39 2 weeks ago 583MB

practice 9.3 da8f2a99cf39 2 weeks ago 583MB

fucancan987/practice nginx fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

nginx latest fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

test latest fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

rockylinux latest 210996f98b85 2 years ago 205MB

推送到自己的镜像仓库

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker push practice:9.3

The push refers to repository [docker.io/library/practice]

44343de3ea1d: Preparing

denied: requested access to the resource is denied

第一次默认推送推送失败，因为推送的命名空间是library,lirary是公共的、命名空间，没有推送的权限

[root@localhost docker-data]# docker push fucancan987/practice:9.3

The push refers to repository [docker.io/fucancan987/practice]

docker tag [IMAGE] 镜像仓库名/命名空间/REPOSITORY:【镜像版本号，可自定义】 ##打 tag

docker push 镜像仓库名/命名空间/REPOSITORY：【镜像版本号，可自定义】 ##上传

docker pull REPOSITORY：【镜像版本号，可自定义】 ##拉取

四、镜像管理

1、查找镜像 docker search image_name 【-f stars=number】

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# docker search centos
NAME                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL
centos                                 DEPRECATED; The official build of CentOS.       7744      [OK]
kasmweb/centos-7-desktop               CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces            45
rancher/os-centosconsole                                                               0
bellsoft/liberica-openjdk-centos       Liberica is a 100% open-source Java implemen...   4
bellsoft/liberica-openjre-centos       Liberica is a 100% open-source Java implemen...   3
bitnami/centos-base-buildpack          Centos base compilation image                   0
kasmweb/core-centos-7                  CentOS 7 base image for Kasm Workspaces         6
rancher/vm-centos                                                                      0
dokken/centos-7                        CentOS 7 image for kitchen-dokken               10
spack/centos7                          CentOS 7 with Spack preinstalled                2
dokken/centos-8                        CentOS 8 image for use with Test Kitchen's k...   6
dokken/centos-6                        EOL: CentOS 6 image for kitchen-dokken          0
dokken/centos-stream-8                 EOL: CentOS Stream 8 image for use with Test...   5
ustclug/centos                         Official CentOS Image with USTC Mirror          0
dokken/centos-stream-9                 CentOS Stream 9 image for use with Test Kitc...   10
atlas/centos7-atlasos                  ATLAS CentOS 7 Software Development OS          3
codecentric/springboot-maven3-centos   STI builder image for building and running m...   13
spack/centos6                          CentOS 6 with Spack preinstalled                1
apache/couchdbci-centos                Apache CouchDB CI CentOS                        0
vespaengine/vespa-build-centos7        Docker image for building Vespa on CentOS 7.    0
eclipse/centos_jdk8                    CentOS, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, ...   5
corpusops/centos                       centos corpusops baseimage                      0
corpusops/centos-bare                  https://github.com/corpusops/docker-images/     0
cincproject/omnibus-centos             CentOS Omnibus builder                          0
starlingx/stx-centos                   StarlingX is an open source distributed clou...   0
##过滤点赞数大于100的镜像源
[root@localhost ~]# docker search centos -f stars=100
NAME      DESCRIPTION                                 STARS     OFFICIAL
centos    DEPRECATED; The official build of CentOS.   7744      [OK]

2、查看当前服务器镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

mysql 8.4 da8f2a99cf39 2 weeks ago 583MB

mysqltest 8.4 da8f2a99cf39 2 weeks ago 583MB

mysql 8.0.38 6c54cbcf775a 2 weeks ago 572MB

fucancan987/practice nginx fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

nginx latest fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

test latest fffffc90d343 3 weeks ago 188MB

fucancan987/practice 9.3 9cc24f05f309 7 months ago 176MB

practice 9.3 9cc24f05f309 7 months ago 176MB

rockylinux 9.3 9cc24f05f309 7 months ago 176MB

rockylinux latest 210996f98b85 2 years ago 205MB

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY             TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql                  8.4       da8f2a99cf39   2 weeks ago    583MB
mysqltest              8.4       da8f2a99cf39   2 weeks ago    583MB
mysql                  8.0.38    6c54cbcf775a   2 weeks ago    572MB
test                   latest    fffffc90d343   3 weeks ago    188MB
fucancan987/practice   nginx     fffffc90d343   3 weeks ago    188MB
nginx                  latest    fffffc90d343   3 weeks ago    188MB
rockylinux             9.3       9cc24f05f309   7 months ago   176MB
fucancan987/practice   9.3       9cc24f05f309   7 months ago   176MB
practice               9.3       9cc24f05f309   7 months ago   176MB
rockylinux             latest    210996f98b85   2 years ago    205MB

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# docker image list
REPOSITORY             TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql                  8.4       da8f2a99cf39   2 weeks ago    583MB
mysqltest              8.4       da8f2a99cf39   2 weeks ago    583MB
mysql                  8.0.38    6c54cbcf775a   2 weeks ago    572MB
test                   latest    fffffc90d343   3 weeks ago    188MB
fucancan987/practice   nginx     fffffc90d343   3 weeks ago    188MB
nginx                  latest    fffffc90d343   3 weeks ago    188MB
fucancan987/practice   9.3       9cc24f05f309   7 months ago   176MB
practice               9.3       9cc24f05f309   7 months ago   176MB
rockylinux             9.3       9cc24f05f309   7 months ago   176MB
rockylinux             latest    210996f98b85   2 years ago    205MB

3、拉取镜像信息 docker pull image_name:tagname

4、查看镜像详细信息 docker inspect image_name:tagname

5、删除镜像 docker rmi REPOSITORY:tagnam

有容器还在使用镜像会出现无法删除，此时需要强制删除镜像，删除过后，镜像释放自动清空

docker rmi -f REPOSITORY:tagname

6、删除所有镜像 docker rmi $(docker images -q)

bash 复制代码

显示所有的镜像id
[root@localhost ~]# docker images -q
da8f2a99cf39
da8f2a99cf39
6c54cbcf775a
fffffc90d343
fffffc90d343
fffffc90d343
9cc24f05f309
9cc24f05f309
9cc24f05f309
210996f98b85

docker基础镜像

一、配置 docker

2、安装完成后启动

3、生产 doker 的配置环境（加入多个国内镜像源）

4、登入登出 docker hub

5、配置数据存放位置

the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still

exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required

for containers run by docker

二、docker 操作

1、查看当前 docker 镜像

2、运行 docker 镜像

3、停止 、删除 docker 镜像 stop rm

3、将 docker 镜像打包到本地 docker save

4 、导入本地 docker 包

三、上传镜像

1、dockerhub 创建账户，创建一个镜像仓库

1.1 创建 tag 名

docker tag [IMAGE] 镜像仓库名/命名空间/REPOSITORY:【镜像版本号，可自定义】 ##打 tag

docker push 镜像仓库名/命名空间/REPOSITORY：【镜像版本号，可自定义】 ##上传

docker pull REPOSITORY：【镜像版本号，可自定义】 ##拉取

四、镜像管理

3、拉取镜像信息 docker pull image_name:tagname

4、查看镜像详细信息 docker inspect image_name:tagname

5、删除镜像 docker rmi REPOSITORY:tagnam

6、删除所有镜像 docker rmi $(docker images -q)

7、修改 tag docker tag image_id REPOSITORY:TAG

3、停止、删除 docker 镜像 stop rm