一、glibc安装
1.清空/etc目录下的my.cnf
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls -l /etc/my.cnf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1280 8月 2 10:35 /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum -y remove mariadb
已加载插件：fastestmirror
参数 mariadb 没有匹配
不删除任何软件包
[root@mysql1 ~]# find / -name "*mysql*" -exec rm -rf {} \;
2.安装依赖包
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum list installed|grep libaio
libaio.x86_64 0.3.109-13.el7 @anaconda
3.将包拖到xshell中
[root@mysql1 ~]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
4.解压查看
[root@mysql1 ~]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[root@mysql1 ~]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysql-router-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysql-test-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@mysql1 ~]# cd mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
[root@mysql1 mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
[root@mysql1 mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64]# vim support-files/mysql.server
[root@mysql1 mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64]# vim support-files/mysql.server
5.将项目文件移动到/usr/local/mysql/
[root@mysql1 mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64]# cd
[root@mysql1 ~]# cp -r mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql/
[root@mysql1 ~]# tree /usr/local/mysql/
6.创建用户
7.在/usr/local/mysql 目录下创建mysql-files目录
[root@mysql1 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
8.修改mysql-files的权限为750 所属组和属主都是mysql
[root@mysql1 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/
[root@mysql1 ~]# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/
[root@mysql1 ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/
总用量 0
[root@mysql1 ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql/
总用量 292
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 8月 5 09:47 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 38 8月 5 09:47 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 282 8月 5 09:47 include
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 201 8月 5 09:47 lib
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 284945 8月 5 09:47 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 30 8月 5 09:47 man
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 6 8月 5 09:55 mysql-files
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666 8月 5 09:47 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root 4096 8月 5 09:47 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 77 8月 5 09:47 support-files
9.初始化数据库，找到初始密码
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/bin/
ibd2sdi mysqlcheck mysqlpump
innochecksum mysql_config mysql_secure_installation
lz4_decompress mysql_config_editor mysqlshow
myisamchk mysqld mysqlslap
myisam_ftdump mysqld-debug mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
myisamlog mysqld_multi mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
myisampack mysqld_safe mysql_upgrade
my_print_defaults mysqldump perror
mysql mysqldumpslow zlib_decompress
mysqladmin mysqlimport
mysqlbinlog mysql_migrate_keyring
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
2024-08-05T02:01:55.494773Z 0 [System][MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.33) initializing of server in progress as process 3175
2024-08-05T02:01:55.508164Z 1 [System][MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2024-08-05T02:01:56.466124Z 1 [System][MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2024-08-05T02:01:57.653329Z 6 [Note][MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 14JSl<3owJyk
10.判断是否初始化成功，看文件中是否生成了data目录
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/
bin docs lib man README support-files
data include LICENSE mysql-files share
11.设置ssl加密连接
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/data/
auto.cnf #ib_16384_1.dblwr mysql.ibd sys
ca-key.pem ib_buffer_pool performance_schema undo_001
ca.pem ibdata1 private_key.pem undo_002
client-cert.pem #innodb_redo public_key.pem
client-key.pem #innodb_temp server-cert.pem
# ib_16384_0.dblwr mysql server-key.pem
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/data/
auto.cnf #ib_16384_1.dblwr mysql.ibd sys
ca-key.pem ib_buffer_pool performance_schema undo_001
ca.pem ibdata1 private_key.pem undo_002
client-cert.pem #innodb_redo public_key.pem
client-key.pem #innodb_temp server-cert.pem
# ib_16384_0.dblwr mysql server-key.pem
12.其他配置
# 把mysql.server文件放到/etc/init.d/目录下
# 方便启动mysql服务 service mysql start
[root@mysql1 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8
13.启动服务 不能使用systemctl
#启动服务
[root@mysql1 ~]# service mysql8 start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql1.err'.
..... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql1.pid).
#报错的话，看有没有关掉selinux
[root@mysql1 ~]# setenforce 0
#可能存在mysqld进程，如果有就杀掉
[root@mysql1 ~]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
mysql 1043 1 0 09:01 ? 00:00:34 /usr/sbin/mysqld
root 5023 1270 0 10:24 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
[root@mysql1 ~]# pkill -9 mysqld
[root@mysql1 ~]# service mysql8 start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
14.启动mysql
[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root 8887344 8月 5 09:47 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.33
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Hui@2003'；
#在root下创建新用户hui
mysql> create user 'hui'@'%' identified by 'Hui@2003';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | hui |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#登录hui用户
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uhui -pHui@2003
#查看数据库，发现看不到root中的数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#在root下给hui用户修改权限
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pHui@2003
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'hui'
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uhui -pHui@2003
#修改完权限，在hui用户中，就可以看到root用户中的数据库了
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| teach |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二、脚本
[root@mysql1 ~]# vim mysql.sh
[root@mysql1 ~]# vim mysql.sh
# !/bin/bash
cp $1 /usr/local/mysql/
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/
grep /mysql/ /etc/password
if [ $? ne 0 ];then
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
fi
chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
# init
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
# password
# service
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8
# start server
service mysql8 start
三、格式说明
1.远程登录前的条件是mysql.user表中的host属性为%，如果是localhost就不允许远程登录，update mysql.user set host="%" where user="root"，flush privileges；
2.远程管理，可以使用图形化工具 ，sqlyog ，navicat，掌握工具命令，客户端工具 mysql
3.mysql -h192.168.2.35 -P 3306 -uhui -pHui@2003
-h 主机ip或者是域名 如果是localhost或者是127.0.0.1可省略
-P 端口 默认是3306 ，如果是默认的，可以省略
-u 用户名
-p 密码，可以不换行直接输入，也可以换行 不回显示输入密码
四、数据库的应用
1.创建用户
create user 'hui'@'%' identified by 'Hui@2003'
2.给权限
grant all on *.* to 'hui'；
3.创建库
create database if not exists test;
4.创建表
use test;
create table user(
id int primary key,
username varchar(45) not null,
password varchar(45)not null
);
5.添加数据
insert into user values(1,"zhangsan","123");
insert into user values(2,"lisi","456");
insert into user values(3,"wangwu","789");
insert into user values(4,"zhaoliu","aaa");
6.添加账号，修改密码，查看mysql.user中haha的信息
#添加账户
mysql> create user 'haha'@'%' identified by 'Haha@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
#修改密码
mysql>alter user 'haha' identified by 'Haha@1234';
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | haha |
| % | hui |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
7.使用root账号，为haha账号添加test库存中所有表的权限
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uhaha -pHaha@1234
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pHui@2003
mysql> grant all on test.* to haha;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# haha就获得了test库存中所有表的权限，但是root没有haha mysql库的权限，所以账号haha无法查看mysql库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
8.创建用户
mysql> create user 'aaa'@'%' identified by 'aaaa';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create user 'abc'@'%' identified by 'abc';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user 'ccc'@'%' identified by 'a1b2c3';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user 'ddd'@'%' identified by '231343';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | aaa |
| % | abc |
| % | ccc |
| % | ddd |
| % | haha |
| % | hui |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
9.删除用户
mysql> drop user 'haha';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | aaa |
| % | abc |
| % | ccc |
| % | ddd |
| % | hui |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
10.修改用户
mysql> alter user 'abc' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user 'ccc' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> alter user 'ddd' identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
11.查看权限
mysql> show grants for aaa;
+---------------------------------+
| Grants for aaa@% |
+---------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `aaa`@`%` |
+---------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
五、练习
1.练习步骤
1.添加aaa账户，设置密码aaaa
2.使用aaa账户访问mysql服务
3.查看test数据库发现没有权限
4.退出并使用root账户登录
5.为aaa账户添加查看test.user表的权限
6.退出root，使用aaa账户登录
7.查看数据库，查看表，查看表内容 ，能够正常查看
8.输入数据，没有权限
9.退出aaa使用root登录
10.为aaa添加insert权限
11.退出root使用aaa登录
12.向user表中添加一行新的数据
13.修改表中一行的密码（pasword）为000，没有权限
1.添加aaa账户，设置密码aaaa
mysql> alter user 'aaa' identified by 'aaaa';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
2.使用aaa账户访问mysql服务
3.查看test数据库发现没有权限
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4.退出并使用root账户登录
quit|exit
5.为aaa账户添加查看test.user表的权限
mysql> grant select on test.user to aaa;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
6.退出root，使用aaa账户登录
quit|exit
[root@mysql1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -h192.168.2.35 -P3306 -uaaa -p1234
7.查看数据库，查看表，查看表内容 ，能够正常查看
mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select *from test.user;
+----+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+----+----------+----------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 123 |
| 2 | lisi | 456 |
| 3 | wangwu | 789 |
| 4 | zhaoliu | aaa |
+----+----------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
8.输入数据，没有权限
mysql> insert into user values(5,"erazi","aaaa");
ERROR 1142 (42000): INSERT command denied to user 'aaa'@'localhost' for table 'user'
9.退出aaa使用root登录
quit|exit
10.为aaa添加insert权限
mysql> grant insert on test.user to aaa;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
11.退出root使用aaa登录
quit|exit
12.向user表中添加一行新的数据
#aaa用户就可以在test.user表中进行写操作了
mysql> insert into user values(5,"erazi","aaaa");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
13.修改表中一行的密码（pasword）为000，没有权限
#没有更新权限
mysql> update test.user ser password='0000' where username='erazi';
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'password='0000' where username='erazi'' at line 1
2.练习
1.添加jingli角色
create role 'jingli';
2.添加yuangong角色
create role 'yuangong';3.为jingli添加select insert delete update权限
grant select,insert,delete ,update on test.user to 'jingli'；
4.为yuangong添加select,insert权限
grant select,insert on test.user to 'yuangong'；
5.查看角色保存的表格
select host,user from mysql.user;
6.查看角色权限
show grants for 'jingli';
show grants for 'yuangong';
1.添加jingli角色
mysql> create role 'jingli';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2.添加yuangong角色
mysql> create role 'yuangongjuese';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3.为jingli添加select insert delete update权限
mysql> grant insert,delete,update,select on test.user to 'jingli';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
4.为yuangong添加select,insert权限
mysql> grant select,insert on test.user to 'yuangongjuese';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
5.查看角色保存的表格
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | aaa |
| % | abc |
| % | ccc |
| % | ddd |
| % | hui |
| % | jingli |
| % | root |
| % | yuangongjuese |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
12 rows in set (0.01 sec)
6.查看角色权限
mysql> show grants for 'jingli';
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for jingli@% |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `jingli`@`%` |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `test`.`user` TO `jingli`@`%` |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'yuangongjuese';
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for yuangongjuese@% |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `yuangongjuese`@`%` |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON `test`.`user` TO `yuangongjuese`@`%` |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
新增bbb和ccc两个用户，bbb是经理需要增删改查权限，ccc是员工只需要新增和修改权限
grant jingli to 'bbb';
grant yuangong to 'ccc';