pytest并发执行中设置用例执行顺序

场景

使用pytest-xdist实现测试用例的并发执行，但是执行中部分用例需要设置执行顺序

需要的依赖包

pytest-order , pytest-xdist， pytest-dependency

实现方法

对执行顺序有要求的用例设置，设置在同一个组中并且设置执行顺序，用例上设置@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")，并且执行时设置参数 -dist loadgroup ，就能保证group名字相同的用例在同一个worker中运行
然后对同一个group中的用例设置顺序，即@pytest.mark.order(1)
如果用例间有依赖的话，可以对被依赖和依赖的用例设置依赖关系
python 复制代码
```
@pytest.mark.dependency(name="test_name")
@pytest.mark.dependency(depends=["test_name"])
```

验证

有一个文件test_1.py，内容如下

python 复制代码

def test_one():
	pass

def test_two():
    pass

执行pytest test_1.py -v -n 2

输出结果： test_one和test_two分别属于gw0 和gw1

shell 复制代码

test_case/test_1.py::test_one
test_case/test_1.py::test_two
[gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_one
[gw1] [100%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_two

添加group后test_1.py文件内容

python 复制代码

@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
def test_one():
   pass

@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
def test_two():
    pass

执行pytest test_1.py -v --dist loadgroup -n 2

输出结果：test_one和test_two属于同一个worker gw0

shell 复制代码

test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name
[gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name
test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
[gw0] [100%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name

添加执行顺序后test_1.py文件内容

python 复制代码

@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
@pytest.mark.order(2)
def test_one():
  pass

@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
@pytest.mark.order(1)
def test_two():
   pass

执行pytest test_1.py -v --dist loadgroup -n 2

输出结果：用例在gw0中并且按顺序执行

shell 复制代码

test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
[gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name
[gw0] [100%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name

新建文件test_2.py文件内容

python 复制代码

import pytest

@pytest.mark.dependency(depends=["test_name"])
def test_three():
	pass

修改test_1.py文件内容

python 复制代码

import pytest

@pytest.mark.dependency(name="test name")
@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
@pytest.mark.order(2)
def test_one():
	pass

@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
@pytest.mark.order(1)
def test_two():
	pass

执行结果如下， test_three是skipped状态

shell 复制代码

test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
test_case/test_2.py::test_three
[gw1] [ 33%] SKIPPED test_case/test_2.py::test_three
[gw0] [ 66%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name
[gw0] [100%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name

修改一下test_2.py

python 复制代码

 import pytest

 @pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group_name")
 @pytest.mark.dependency(depends=["test name"],scope='session')
 @pytest.mark.order(3)
 def test_three():
 	pass

再次执行结果, 按指定顺序执行

shell 复制代码

test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
[gw0] [ 33%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_two@group_name
test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name
[gw0] [ 66%] PASSED test_case/test_1.py::test_one@group_name
test_case/test_2.py::test_three@group_name
[gw0] [100%] PASSED test_case/test_2.py::test_three@group_name

经验之谈：对于dependency不建议多用，用例设计的时候就需要考虑用例之间解耦，特别是对于UI自动化，为了保证通过率，需要设置失败重新运行，如果设置的依赖，很有可能出现被依赖的用例执行成功，但是依赖的用例是skipped状态