iOS 通知分为本地推送和远程推送两类
一. 本地推送使用流程
1. 注册通知
objectivec
//请求通知权限
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (error) { NSLog(@"request authorization error: %@", error); }
}];
//注册通知
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];2.推送通知
objectivec
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
UNMutableNotificationContent *content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init]; //标题
content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];
NSInteger badge = [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber + 1;
content.badge = @(badge);
content.body = message;// 本地推送一定要有内容，即body不能为空。
#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 150000
if (@available(iOS 15.0, *))
{
content.interruptionLevel = UNNotificationInterruptionLevelTimeSensitive;//会使手机亮屏且会播放声音；可能会在免打扰模式（焦点模式）下展示
// @"{"aps":{"interruption-level":"time-sensitive"}}";
// @"{"aps":{"interruption-level":"active"}}";
content.body = message;// 本地推送一定要有内容，即body不能为空。
}
#endif
// repeats,是否重复，如果重复的话时间必须大于60s，要不会报错
//UNCalendarNotificationTrigger 如果是时间触发
//UNLocationNotificationTrigger 地点触发
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:0.01 repeats:NO];
/* */
//添加通知的标识符，可以用于移除，更新等搡作
NSString * identifier = [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString];
UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:identifier content:content trigger:trigger];
[center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError *_Nullable error)
{
if(!error)
{
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
});
}
}];
//点击本地通知回调
/*API_DEPRECATED("Use UserNotifications Framework's -[UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate willPresentNotification:withCompletionHandler:] or -[UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate didReceiveNotificationResponse:withCompletionHandler:]"*/
- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification
{
//
}二.远程推送(APNS)
1. 远程推送的五步骤
1）.应该程序注册APNS消息推送
2）.ios 从APNS Server得到devicetoken.
3）.应用程将devicetoken发送从自己的服务器。
4）.服务器将消息发送给APNS服务器。
5）.APNS发送给app
苹果官司方给机制解释图
2. 远程推送大小限制
远程通知负载的大小根据服务器使用的API不同而不同
当使用HTTP/2 provider API时，负载最大为4kB；当使用legacy binary interface时，负载最大为2kB。当负载大小超过规定的负载大小时，APNs会拒绝发送此通知
3.推送通知实现
1）首先 设置 app 的bundle Id 支持 通知推送
2）申请推送通知证书，这个证书主要是服务器需要使用的
推送证书的申请过程和其它证书类似
3）app 注册通知 这部分和本地通知是一样的。
objectivec
//请求通知权限
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (error) { NSLog(@"request authorization error: %@", error); }
}];
//注册通知
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];4）收到APNS 发送的token 并发送给服务器
objectivec
- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
{
//注册推送消息成功
//收到deviceToken并发送给服务器
NSLog(@"deviceToken = %@", deviceToken);
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error API_AVAILABLE(ios(3.0))
{
//注册推送消息失败
}服务器收到token后，需要发送消息时，就可以把token，消息内容和证书一起发送给
APNS服务器，APNS就推送给app了。
5）app收到推送通知后的处理
1> app被杀死时，用户点击通知会在didFinishLaunchingWithOptions获取通知内容
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
...
// 注册通知类型
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (error) { NSLog(@"request authorization error: %@", error); }
}];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];
// app 被杀死时用户点击通知 获取推送内容
NSDictionary *userInfo = launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey];
if (userInfo) {
//能过点击通知启动app
NSLog(@"userInfo = %@", userInfo);
}
...
}
2> app在后台，点击通知
//老版处理
/*- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{
DDLogDebug(@"userInfo ----->%@",userInfo);
}*/
//新版处理
- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(nonnull NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(nonnull void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler
{
DDLogDebug(@"userInfo ----->%@",userInfo);
}
三.推送功能的测试
有个推送测试的工具 SmartPush
下载地址：
1、Github地址：https://github.com/shaojiankui/SmartPush
2、release安装包：https://github.com/shaojiankui/SmartPush/releases
3、消息体格式：
{
"aps": {
"alert": {
"title": "新消息",
"body": "您有一条新的消息!"
},
"badge": 1,
"sound": "default"
},
"customData": {
"type": "message",
"id": "12345"
}
}