Android 相机CameraX框架

성간 조각2024-10-27 22:49

Android 相机CameraX框架

CameraX是Jetpack 支持库，利用的是 camera2 的功能，它具有生命周期的感应，使用更加简单，代码量也减少了不少。可以灵活的录制视频和拍照

官方文档
https://developer.android.google.cn/media/camera/camerax?hl=ro

build.gradle的dependencies中引入框架

java 复制代码 
def cameraxVersion = "1.1.0-alpha05";
implementation "androidx.camera:camera-core:${cameraxVersion}"
implementation "androidx.camera:camera-camera2:${cameraxVersion}"
implementation "androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:${cameraxVersion}"
//CameraX添加依赖
implementation "androidx.camera:camera-view:1.3.0-alpha07"
implementation 'androidx.camera:camera-video:'
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.5.1"

配置CameraXConfig

使用 setAvailableCameraLimiter() 优化启动延迟时间。

使用 setCameraExecutor() 向 CameraX 提供应用执行器。

将默认调度器处理程序替换为 setSchedulerHandler()。

使用 setMinimumLoggingLevel() 更改日志记录级别。

图像预览PreviewView

选择相机并绑定生命周期和用例：

创建 Preview。

指定所需的相机 LensFacing 选项。

将所选相机和任意用例绑定到生命周期。

将 Preview 连接到 PreviewView。

java 复制代码 
    void bindPreview(@NonNull ProcessCameraProvider cameraProvider) {
    Preview preview = new Preview.Builder()
            .build();
            //设置缩放类型可选FIT_CENTER、FIT_START 和 FIT_END，默认缩放类型是 FILL_CENTER。
     preview .setScaleType(PreviewView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
    CameraSelector cameraSelector = new CameraSelector.Builder()
            .requireLensFacing(CameraSelector.LENS_FACING_BACK)
            .build();
    preview.setSurfaceProvider(previewView.getSurfaceProvider());
    Camera camera = cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle((LifecycleOwner)this, cameraSelector, preview);
}

图像分析ImageAnalysis

设置图片输出尺寸，输出格式，旋转角度...

输出格式：CameraX 可通过 setOutputImageFormat(int) 支持 YUV_420_888 和 RGBA_8888。默认格式为 YUV_420_888。

注意：使用 ProcessCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle() 函数将 ImageAnalysis 绑定到现有的 AndroidX 生命周期

java 复制代码 
    imageAnalysis = ImageAnalysis.Builder()
            .setBackpressureStrategy(ImageAnalysis.STRATEGY_KEEP_ONLY_LATEST)
//            .setTargetResolution(Size(1280, 720))设置实际的尺寸
            .setTargetAspectRatio(AspectRatio.RATIO_4_3) //设计宽高比
            .setOutputImageFormat(ImageAnalysis.OUTPUT_IMAGE_FORMAT_RGBA_8888)
            .build()
            //创建分析器
        imageAnalysis!!.setAnalyzer(
            cameraExecutor!!,
            ImageAnalysis.Analyzer { imageProxy: ImageProxy ->
            //通过调用 ImageProxy.close() 将 ImageProxy 发布到 CameraX
                imageProxy.close()
            })
...
cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle((LifecycleOwner) this, cameraSelector, imageAnalysis, preview);

图像拍摄输出保存

拍摄的配置参数，例如闪光灯、连续自动对焦、零快门延迟等。

java 复制代码 
        imageCapture = new ImageCapture.Builder()
                //控制闪光灯模式 FLASH_MODE_ON（拍照时，闪光灯会亮起）, 
                //FLASH_MODE_OFF 闪光灯关闭,FLASH_MODE_AUTO：在弱光环境下拍摄时，自动开启闪光灯。
                .setFlashMode(ImageCapture.FLASH_MODE_ON)
                //ImageCapture.Builder.setCaptureMode() 可用于配置拍摄照片时所采用的拍摄模式：
				//CAPTURE_MODE_MINIMIZE_LATENCY：缩短图片拍摄的延迟时间。
				//CAPTURE_MODE_MAXIMIZE_QUALITY：提高图片拍摄的图片质量。
                 .setCaptureMode(ImageCapture.CAPTURE_MODE_MINIMIZE_LATENCY)
                .build();

拍照保存图片的方式有2种，

takePicture(OutputFileOptions, Executor, OnImageSavedCallback)：此方法将拍摄的图片保存到提供的文件位置。

java 复制代码 
            val name = System.currentTimeMillis().toString() + ".jpg"
            val contentValues = ContentValues()
            contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name)
            contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg")
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
                contentValues.put(
                    MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH,
                    FileUtils.getSystemPicDataPath() //图片路径
                )
            }
            //图片输出
            val outputFileOptions = OutputFileOptions.Builder(
                contentResolver,
                MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                contentValues
            )
                .build()
            imageCapture!!.takePicture(
                outputFileOptions,
                ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this),
                object : ImageCapture.OnImageSavedCallback {
                    override fun onImageSaved(outputFileResults: ImageCapture.OutputFileResults) {
                        //content://media/external/images/media/125
                        //Pictures/CameraXImage
                        //aaa图片路径.jpg
                        printLog(" aaa图片路径--" + FileUtils.getSystemPicDataPath() + name)
                        CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch {
                            val blo = FileUtils.copyFile(
                                FileUtils.getSystemPicDataPath() + name,
                                FileUtils.getAppPicDataPath() + name
                            )
                            withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
                                printLog("文件复制成功$blo")
                                if (blo) {
                                    File(FileUtils.getAppPicDataPath() + name).delete()
                                    binding.ivCamera.visibility = View.VISIBLE
                                    FileUtils.showGlidePic(
                                        this@CameraActivity,
                                        FileUtils.getAppPicDataPath() + name,
                                        binding.ivCamera
                                    )
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        //  printLog( Objects.requireNonNull(outputFileResults.savedUri).toString())
                    }

                    override fun onError(exception: ImageCaptureException) {
                        printLog(exception.toString())
                    }
                })

另一种takePicture(Executor, OnImageCapturedCallback)：此方法为拍摄的图片提供内存缓冲区。

java 复制代码 
   imageCapture!!.takePicture(ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this), object :
                ImageCapture.OnImageCapturedCallback() {

                override fun onCaptureSuccess(image: ImageProxy) {
                    super.onCaptureSuccess(image)
                   // println(image)
                   // printLog("文件保存成功${image.format}")
                    if (image.format === ImageFormat.JPEG) {
                        val planes = image.planes
                        val buffer = planes[0].buffer
                        val size = buffer.remaining()
                        val jpeg = ByteArray(size)
                        buffer[jpeg, 0, size]
                        val bitmap: Bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(jpeg, 0, jpeg.size);
                        val path=FileUtils.getAppPicDataPath() + name
                        //将bitmap保存为图片
                        val isFlag=FileUtils.bitmapToFile(bitmap,path)
                        printLog("文件保存成功$isFlag")
                        if (isFlag){
                            binding.ivCamera.visibility = View.VISIBLE
                            //存储图片成功，现实图片
                            FileUtils.showGlidePic(
                                this@CameraActivity,
                                path,
                                binding.ivCamera
                            )
                            
                        }else{
                            toast("获取图片失败")
                        
                        }
                    }
                    image.close()
                }

                override fun onError(exception: ImageCaptureException) {
                    printLog(exception.toString())
                }
            })

完整代码演示：

xml文件自定义UI

java 复制代码 
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ui.activity.CameraVideo2Activity">

    <androidx.camera.view.PreviewView
        android:id="@+id/preview_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/takeVideoBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="录像"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@id/takePhotoBtn"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias=".9" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/takePhotoBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="拍照"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/takeVideoBtn"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias=".9" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

activity代码

java 复制代码 
public class CameraVideo2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
    //按钮
    Button takePhotoButton;
    Button takeVideoButton;
    //预览
    PreviewView previewView;
    //权限
    private static final String[] REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS = new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO};
    public static final int REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS = 10;
    //capture
    ImageCapture imageCapture;
    ListenableFuture<ProcessCameraProvider> processCameraProviderListenableFuture;
    //录像
    VideoCapture videoCapture;
    Recording recording;
    //executor & imageAnalysis
    private ExecutorService cameraExecutor;
    private ImageAnalysis imageAnalysis;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera_video2);
        //绑定控件
        takePhotoButton = findViewById(R.id.takePhotoBtn);
        takeVideoButton = findViewById(R.id.takeVideoBtn);
        previewView = findViewById(R.id.preview_view);
        takePhotoButton.setOnClickListener(v -> takePhoto());
        takeVideoButton.setOnClickListener(v -> takeVideo());
        //获取权限
        if (havePermissions()) {
            initCamera();
        } else {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS);
        }
        //executor实例
        cameraExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        cameraExecutor.shutdown();
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS) {
            initCamera();
        } else {
            finish();
        }
    }

    //判断权限是否获取
    private boolean havePermissions() {
        for (String permission : REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    //初始化Camera
    @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
    private void initCamera() {
        ///实例化（可以设置许多属性)
        imageCapture = new ImageCapture.Builder()
                //控制闪光灯模式 FLASH_MODE_ON（拍照时，闪光灯会亮起）, FLASH_MODE_OFF 闪光灯关闭
                .setFlashMode(ImageCapture.FLASH_MODE_ON)
                .build();
        Recorder recorder = new Recorder.Builder().build();
        videoCapture = VideoCapture.withOutput(recorder);
        processCameraProviderListenableFuture = ProcessCameraProvider.getInstance(this);
        processCameraProviderListenableFuture.addListener(() -> {
            try {
                //配置预览(https://developer.android.google.cn/training/camerax/preview?hl=zh-cn)
                previewView.setScaleType(PreviewView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
                Preview preview = new Preview.Builder().build();
                preview.setSurfaceProvider(previewView.getSurfaceProvider());
                //绑定到生命周期
                ProcessCameraProvider processCameraProvider = processCameraProviderListenableFuture.get();
                //图片分析
                initImageAnalysis();
                //设置旋转
                setOrientationEventListener();
                //剪裁矩形(拍摄之后，对图片进行裁剪）
                ViewPort viewPort = null;
                if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
                    viewPort = new ViewPort.Builder(
                            new Rational(100, 100), getDisplay().getRotation()
                    ).build();
                } else {
                    viewPort = new ViewPort.Builder(
                            new Rational(100, 100), Surface.ROTATION_0
                    ).build();
                }
                UseCaseGroup useCaseGroup = new UseCaseGroup.Builder()
                        .addUseCase(preview)
                        .addUseCase(imageAnalysis)
                        .addUseCase(imageCapture)
                        .addUseCase(videoCapture)
                        .setViewPort(viewPort)
                        .build();
                processCameraProvider.unbindAll();
                Camera camera = processCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(CameraVideo2Activity.this, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, useCaseGroup);//DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA 后置摄像头
                //Camera
                CameraControl cameraControl = camera.getCameraControl();
                CameraInfo cameraInfo = camera.getCameraInfo();
            } catch (ExecutionException | InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this));
    }

    //图片分析
    @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
    private void initImageAnalysis() {
        imageAnalysis = new ImageAnalysis.Builder()
                .setBackpressureStrategy(ImageAnalysis.STRATEGY_KEEP_ONLY_LATEST)
                .build();
        imageAnalysis.setAnalyzer(cameraExecutor, imageProxy -> {
            int rotationDegrees = imageProxy.getImageInfo().getRotationDegrees();
            imageProxy.close();
        });
    }

    ///旋转
    //orientation为北为0,顺时针度数0-360
    //Surface.ROTATION_270将拍摄好的图片顺时针旋转270度
    private void setOrientationEventListener() {
        OrientationEventListener orientationEventListener = new OrientationEventListener(this) {
            @Override
            public void onOrientationChanged(int orientation) {
                int rotation;
                if (orientation >= 45 && orientation < 135) {
                    rotation = Surface.ROTATION_270;
                } else if (orientation >= 135 && orientation < 225) {
                    rotation = Surface.ROTATION_180;
                } else if (orientation >= 225 && orientation < 315) {
                    rotation = Surface.ROTATION_90;
                } else {
                    rotation = Surface.ROTATION_0;
                }
                imageCapture.setTargetRotation(rotation);
            }
        };
        orientationEventListener.enable();
    }

    //拍照
    private void takePhoto() {
        if (imageCapture != null) {
            //ContentValues
            String name = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-SSS", Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE).format(System.currentTimeMillis());
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
            contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name);
            contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg");
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
                contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, "Pictures/CameraXImage");
            }
            //图片输出
            ImageCapture.OutputFileOptions outputFileOptions = new ImageCapture.OutputFileOptions
                    .Builder(getContentResolver(), MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues)
                    .build();
            imageCapture.takePicture(outputFileOptions, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this), new ImageCapture.OnImageSavedCallback() {
                @Override
                public void onImageSaved(@NonNull ImageCapture.OutputFileResults outputFileResults) {
                    //content://media/external/images/media/125
                    //Pictures/CameraXImage
                    //aaa图片路径5.jpg
                    System.out.println("图片路径--"+name+".jpg");
                    Log.i("camera", Objects.requireNonNull(outputFileResults.getSavedUri()).toString());
                }

                @Override
                public void onError(@NonNull ImageCaptureException exception) {
                    Log.e("camera", exception.toString());
                }
            });
        }
    }

    //录像
    private void takeVideo() {
        if (videoCapture != null) {
            takeVideoButton.setEnabled(false);
            if (recording != null) {
                recording.stop();
                recording = null;
                return;
            }
            String name = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-SSS", Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE).format(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".mp4";
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
            contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name);
            contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "video/mp4");
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
                contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, "Movies/CameraX-Video");
            }
            MediaStoreOutputOptions mediaStoreOutputOptions = new MediaStoreOutputOptions
                    .Builder(getContentResolver(), MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI)
                    .setContentValues(contentValues)
                    .build();
            Recorder recorder = (Recorder) videoCapture.getOutput();
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS);
                return;
            }
            recording = recorder.prepareRecording(this, mediaStoreOutputOptions)
                    .withAudioEnabled()
                    .start(ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this), videoRecordEvent -> {
                        if (videoRecordEvent instanceof VideoRecordEvent.Start) {
                            takeVideoButton.setText("停止");
                            takeVideoButton.setEnabled(true);
                        } else if (videoRecordEvent instanceof VideoRecordEvent.Finalize) {
                            if (((VideoRecordEvent.Finalize) videoRecordEvent).hasError()) {
                                if (recording != null) {
                                    recording.close();
                                    recording = null;
                                }
                            } else {
                                //视频为content://media/external/video/media/122
                                //Movies/CameraX-Video/name
                                String msg = "视频为" + ((VideoRecordEvent.Finalize) videoRecordEvent).getOutputResults().getOutputUri();
                                Log.i("camera", msg);
                                Log.i("camera", "视频路径为"+name);
                            }
                            takeVideoButton.setEnabled(true);
                            takeVideoButton.setText("录像");
                        }
                    });
        }
    }
}
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