vue-h5:在h5中实现相机拍照加上身份证人相框和国徽框

1.基础功能

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45148022/article/details/135696629

https://juejin.cn/post/7327353533618978842?searchId=20241101133433B2BB37A081FD6A02DA60

https://www.freesion.com/article/67641324321/

https://github.com/AlexKratky/vue-camera-lib

效果：

调用组件的

主要组件方法：openCamera,closeCamera

Upload.vue组件

<template>
    <div id="cameraContainer">
        <div ref="takePhotoDiv" class="take-photo" style="display: none">
            <video ref="video"  id="video-fix" :width="width" :height="height" autoplay   webkit-playsinline playsinline></video>
            <div class="frame-container">
                <div class="mask" >
<!--                  头像页图标-->
                  <img v-if="props.currPhotoType=='head'" class="img-head" src="../assets/image/idcard1.svg">
<!--                  国徽页图标-->
                  <img v-if="props.currPhotoType=='mark'" class="img-mark" src="../assets/image/idcard2.svg">
                  <div class="tips">请将{{props.currPhotoType=='head'?'身份证人像面':'身份证国徽面'}}完全置于取景框内</div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
<!--      拍照按钮-->
      <div id="captureButton"  @click="takePhoto">
        <div class="cap-inner"></div>
      </div>

    </div>

    <canvas ref="canvas" style="display: none"></canvas>
  
    <img ref="photo" id="photo" alt="入职文件" style="display: none" />

</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { showToast } from "vant/lib/toast";
import { nextTick, onMounted, ref,inject } from "vue";
import {base64ToBlob, base64ToFile, putFile} from "@/common/services/OSSFile.ts";
import {FileUploadType} from "@/common/enum/FileUploadType.ts";
import {ElLoading} from "element-plus";
const props=defineProps({
  currPhotoType:String
})
const emit=defineEmits(['okUploadImg'])
const video = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null);
// const frame = ref<HTMLDivElement | null>(null);
const photo = ref<HTMLImageElement | null>(null);
const canvas = ref<HTMLCanvasElement | null>(null);
const mediaStream = ref<any>();
const takePhotoDiv = ref<HTMLDivElement | null>(null);

const width=ref()
const height=ref()
onMounted(()=>{

  //设置摄像头宽高
  width.value=window.innerHeight
  height.value=window.innerWidth

})


const getVideoMedia = () => {
    if (video.value) {
      // ----------兼容性代码------------
      // 老的浏览器可能根本没有实现 mediaDevices，所以我们可以先设置一个空的对象
      if (navigator.mediaDevices === undefined) {
        navigator.mediaDevices = {};
      }

// 一些浏览器部分支持 mediaDevices。我们不能直接给对象设置 getUserMedia
// 因为这样可能会覆盖已有的属性。这里我们只会在没有 getUserMedia 属性的时候添加它。
      if (navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia === undefined) {
        navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia = function (constraints) {
          // 首先，如果有 getUserMedia 的话，就获得它
          var getUserMedia =
              navigator.webkitGetUserMedia || navigator.mozGetUserMedia;

          // 一些浏览器根本没实现它 - 那么就返回一个 error 到 promise 的 reject 来保持一个统一的接口
          if (!getUserMedia) {
            return Promise.reject(
                new Error("getUserMedia is not implemented in this browser"),
            );
          }

          // 否则，为老的 navigator.getUserMedia 方法包裹一个 Promise
          return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
            getUserMedia.call(navigator, constraints, resolve, reject);
          });
        };
      }

      // ----------兼容性代码------------


        // 获取用户媒体设备权限
        navigator.mediaDevices
            // 强制使用后置摄像头
            .getUserMedia({ video: { facingMode: { exact: "environment" } }, audio: false })
            //前置
            // .getUserMedia({ video: true, audio: false })
            .then((stream) => {
                // if (video.value) {
                //     video.value.srcObject = stream;
                //     mediaStream.value = stream;
                // }

              //兼容性写法
              if ("srcObject" in video.value) {
                video.value.srcObject = stream;
              } else {
                // 防止在新的浏览器里使用它，应为它已经不再支持了
                video.value.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(stream);
              }
              video.value.onloadedmetadata = function (e) {
                video.value.play();
              };
            })
            .catch((error) => {
                console.error("获取相机权限失败:", error);
                showToast('获取相机权限失败');
            });
    }
}


const takePhoto = () => {
    nextTick(async () => {
      console.log(video.value)
        if (canvas.value && video.value && photo.value) {
            const context = canvas.value.getContext("2d");
            // 设置画布尺寸与取景框相同
            canvas.value.width = video.value.videoWidth;
            canvas.value.height = video.value.videoHeight;
            // 绘制取景框内的画面到画布
            if (context) {
                context.drawImage(video.value, 0, 0);
                // 将画布内容转为图片并显示
                photo.value.src = canvas.value.toDataURL();
                photo.value.style.display = "block";
                // 关闭video
                console.log('video', video.value);

                video.value.pause();

                // 关闭摄像头
                mediaStream.value?.getTracks().forEach((track: any) => track.stop());
              video.value=null
            }
        }
 
      console.log(photo.value)
      // console.log(photo.value.src)   将文件流传给后台上传，下列代码根据实际情况自定
      let file:any=photo.value.src
      let idtype=props.currPhotoType=='head'?FileUploadType.BIZ_TYPE_IDCARD2:FileUploadType.BIZ_TYPE_IDCARD1
      //文件名：时间戳+1000以内的随机数
      let  fileName=new Date().getTime()+ Math.floor(Math.random()*1000)+'.jpg'

      const loadingInstance = ElLoading.service({ fullscreen: true, background: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.1)', text: '请求中...' });
      let data = await putFile(fileName,idtype, base64ToFile(file,fileName));
      if(data){
        loadingInstance.close()
        sendValue({
          file:file,
          type:props.currPhotoType,
          url:data
        })
        showToast('上传成功！')
        emit('okUploadImg',{status:1})
      }else{
        loadingInstance.close()
        showToast('上传失败！')
        emit('okUploadImg',{status:2})

      }

    })
}


const passValue:any = inject("getIdFile")
//3.孙组件在函数中调用爷爷传递过来的函数,并在()中传递要传递的数据
const sendValue = (file) => {
  passValue(file)
}
//4.调用这个函数（也可以使用点击事件等方式触发）


//关闭相机
const closeCamera=()=>{
  // 关闭摄像头
  mediaStream.value?.getTracks().forEach((track: any) => track.stop());
  video.value=null
}
//dakai相机
const openCamera=()=>{
  console.log('打开相机')
  //打开相机
  if (takePhotoDiv.value) {
    takePhotoDiv.value.style.display = 'block'
    getVideoMedia()
  }
}

defineExpose({
  openCamera,closeCamera
})
</script>
<style scoped lang="less">

</style>

#cameraContainer {
    position: relative;
    //width: 324px;
    //height: 216px;
  width:100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  background: #000;
  overflow: hidden;
  .take-photo{
    //height:85.6*6px;
    //width: 53.98*6px;
    height: 70%;
    width: 90%;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #000;
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) ;
  }
  #video-fix{
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    //transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(90deg);
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  }
}

#video {
    object-fit: cover;

}


.frame-container {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.mask {
  position: absolute;
  height:85.6*5px;
  width: 53.98*5px;
  border: 1px solid #fdfdfd;
  border-radius: 5px;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  .img-head{
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 4.5%;
    right: 13.7%;
    height: 28%;
    width: 53%;
    transform: rotate(90deg);
  }
  .img-mark{
    position: absolute;
    top:7%;
    right: 9%;
    width: 37%;
    height: 22.5%;
    transform: rotate(90deg);
  }
  .tips{
    position: absolute;
    left: -50%;
    top: 50%;
    color: #fff;
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    font-size: 14px;
    background: #555657;
    border-radius: 5px;
  }

}

#frame {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    width: 200px;
    height: 90px;
    z-index: 10;
    background-color: transparent;
}


#photo {
    display: none;

}
#captureButton{
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #ffffff;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 50px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  .cap-inner{
    background: #fff;
    width: 85%;
    height: 85%;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 3px solid #000;

  }
}

base64转文件流

/**
 * @description: Base64 转 File
 * @param {string} base64 base64格式的字符串
 * @param {string} fileName 文件名
 * @return {File}
 */
export const base64ToFile = (base64: string, fileName: string): File => {
  const arr: string[] = base64.split(',');
  const type = (arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/) as string[])[1];
  const bstr = atob(arr[1]);
  let n = bstr.length;
  const u8arr = new Uint8Array(n);
  while (n--) {
    u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n);
  }
  return new File([u8arr], fileName, { type });
};

调用组件：

<script setup lang="ts">
import {onMounted, ref} from "vue";
import Upload from "@/components/Upload.vue";

const props=defineProps({
  currPhotoType:String
})
const _show=ref(false)
const uploadRef=ref()

const goBack =()=> {
  // window.history.back() // 删掉van-popup打开时添加的history
  _show.value = false
  //关闭相机
  uploadRef.value.closeCamera()
}

const openModal=()=>{
  _show.value=true
  setTimeout(()=>{
    //打开相机
    uploadRef.value.openCamera()
  },500)

}
onMounted(()=>{

})

const  okUpload=(e)=>{
  if(e.status==1){
    //上传成功,关闭弹框,关闭相机
    goBack()
  }if(e.status==2){
    //上传失败,关闭弹框,关闭相机
    goBack()
  }
}

defineExpose({
  openModal
})
</script>

<template>
<!--全屏弹框组件-->

<!--  @close="selectProjectCloseHandler"   @open="selectProjectOpenHandler"-->
  <van-popup v-model:show="_show"    :overlay="false"  position="bottom" :style="{ width: '100%', height: '100%'}">

    <div class="header">
      <van-nav-bar class="title" left-arrow title="身份证头像页上传" :safe-area-inset-top="true" :fixed="true"
                   @click-left="goBack" />
    </div>
    <div style="color: red">{{props}}</div>

    <Upload  ref="uploadRef" @okUploadImg="okUpload" :currPhotoType="props.currPhotoType"></Upload>
  </van-popup>
</template>

<style scoped lang="less">

</style>

2.问题及方案

2.1 ios游览器打开video相机默认是全屏的

安卓可以正常用video打开相机，ios有问题,打开时全屏的。

在iOS端的Web控件上使用video标签播放视频时，视频会自动全屏播放。

解决方案

ios端video标签必须加webkit-playsinline、playsinline属性。

android端部分视频也会存在自动全屏问题，添加webkit-playsinline属性。

 <video ref="video"  id="video-fix" :width="width" :height="height" autoplay   webkit-playsinline playsinline></video>

2.2 拍出来的图片角度有问题

拍出来图片是顺时针旋转了90度，所以需要在canvas中给图片转正

下面是一个旋转的demo

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function drawBeauty(beauty){
    var mycv = document.getElementById("cv");  
    var myctx = mycv.getContext("2d");

    myctx.translate(beauty.width / 2, beauty.height / 2);

    //调整这里90*3 旋转至正确角度
     myctx.rotate(((90+90*3) * Math.PI) / 180);

    myctx.drawImage(beauty, -beauty.width / 2, -beauty.height / 2);

    }
    function load(){
    var beauty = new Image();  
    //获取本题图片
    beauty.src = "./asset/WechatIMG134.jpg"; 
   

    if(beauty.complete){
       drawBeauty(beauty);
    }else{
       beauty.onload = function(){
         drawBeauty(beauty);
       };
       beauty.onerror = function(){
         window.alert('美女加载失败，请重试');
       };
    };   
    }//load
    if (document.all) {
      window.attachEvent('onload', load);  
      }else {  
      window.addEventListener('load', load, false);
      }


   
    </script>
    <canvas id="cv"  width="600" height="300" style="border:1px solid #ccc;margin:20px auto;display: block;">
        当前浏览器不支持canvas
        <!-- 如果浏览器支持canvas，则canvas标签里的内容不会显示出来 -->
</canvas>
</body>
</html>

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30100043/article/details/106355667

https://www.cnblogs.com/html5test/archive/2012/03/01/2375558.html

https://jelly.jd.com/article/6006b1045b6c6a01506c87e6

https://www.cnblogs.com/Joe-and-Joan/p/10957818.html

2.3 拍出来的照片默认是640*480 ，照片不清晰

简而言之：video宽高要设置成 4:3或16:9才行,这里我设置成了1280*720

<video ref="video"  id="video-fix" width="1280" height="720" autoplay   webkit-playsinline playsinline></video>
<canvas ref="canvas" style="display: none" width="1280" height="720"></canvas>

   var constraints = {
        audio: false,
        video: {
             width: { min: 1280, max: 1560 }
          , height: { min: 720, max: 1440 },
          facingMode: { exact: "environment" }//设置后置,注释掉就是前置
        }
      };

navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia(constraints).then(gotStream).catch(handleError)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15849724/capture-high-resolution-video-image-html5

2.4 本地local能打开电脑前置，不是最终效果