select a.name "DB Name",
e.global_name "Global Name",
c.host_name "Host Name",
c.instance_name "Instance Name" ,
DECODE(c.logins,'RESTRICTED','YES','NO') "Restricted Mode",
a.log_mode "Archive Log Mode"
FROM v$database a, v$version b, v$instance c,global_name e
WHERE b.banner LIKE '%Oracle%';
1.2 参数文件(是spfile还是pfile)
sql复制代码
select nvl(value,'pfile') "Parameter_File"
from v$parameter where Name='spfile';
1.3 非默认的参数
sql复制代码
select name, rtrim(value) "pvalue"
from v$parameter
where isdefault = 'FALSE'
order by name;
1.4 控制文件及其状态
sql复制代码
select Name,Status from v$controlfile;
1.5 数据库版本信息
sql复制代码
select * from v$version;
1.6 数据库组件（true：已安装，false：未安装）
sql复制代码
SELECT PARAMETER, VALUE FROM V$OPTION;
1.7 实例信息
sql复制代码
select instance_name,host_name,version,status,database_status from v$instance;
1.8 NLS参数设置
sql复制代码
SELECT * FROM NLS_Database_Parameters;
1.9 已装载的产品选项
sql复制代码
select COMP_ID, COMP_NAME, VERSION,STATUS from dba_registry;
1.10 数据库的并发数
sql复制代码
select count(*) as "并发数" from v$session where status='ACTIVE';
1.11 数据库Session连接数
sql复制代码
select count(*) as "连接数" from v$session;
1.12 数据库总大小（GB）
sql复制代码
select round(sum(space)) "总容量/Gb"
from (select sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 space
from dba_data_files
union all
select nvl(sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 0) space
from dba_temp_files
union all
select sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 space from v$log);
1.13 数据库服务器运行的操作系统
sql复制代码
select PLATFORM_NAME from v$database;
1.14 DBID
sql复制代码
select dbid from v$database;
1.15 Flashback是否启动
sql复制代码
select decode(flashback_on,'NO','未启用','启用') as "闪回模式" from v$database;
2 存储结构、表空间、数据文件
2.1 表空间及数据文件
sql复制代码
select tablespace_name,file_name,
bytes/1024/1024 "Total Size(MB)",autoExtensible "Auto"
from dba_data_files
order by tablespace_name,file_id;
2.2 表空间状态及其大小使用情况
sql复制代码
SELECT d.tablespace_name "Name", d.status "Status", d.contents "Type",
ROUND(NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0), 2) "Size (MB)",
ROUND(NVL(a.bytes - NVL(f.bytes, 0), 0) / 1024 /1024, 2) "Used (MB)",
ROUND(NVL((a.bytes - NVL(f.bytes, 0)) / a.bytes * 100, 0), 2) "Used%",
ROUND(NVL(a.maxbytes / 1024 / 1024, 0), 2) "Max Size (MB)",
DECODE(NVL(a.maxbytes,0), 0, 0, ROUND(NVL(a.maxbytes - a.bytes, 0) / 1024 / 1024, 2)) "Unused (MB)",
DECODE(NVL(a.maxbytes,0), 0, 0, ROUND((1 - NVL(a.bytes / a.maxbytes, 0))*100, 2)) "Unused%"
FROM sys.dba_tablespaces d,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) bytes, SUM(maxbytes) maxbytes
FROM dba_data_files GROUP BY tablespace_name
UNION ALL
SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) bytes, SUM(maxbytes) maxbytes
FROM dba_temp_files GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) bytes
FROM dba_free_space GROUP BY tablespace_name
UNION ALL
SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes_free) bytes
FROM gv$temp_space_header GROUP BY tablespace_name) f
WHERE d.tablespace_name = a.tablespace_name(+)
AND d.tablespace_name = f.tablespace_name(+);
2.3 数据文件状态及其大小使用情况
sql复制代码
SELECT a.tablespace_name "TableSpace Name", a.File_Name "File Name",
a.status "Status", a.AutoExtensible "Auto",
round(NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0),1) "Size (MB)",
round(NVL(a.bytes - NVL(f.bytes, 0),0)/1024/1024, 1) "Used (MB)",
round(NVL((a.bytes - NVL(f.bytes, 0)) / a.bytes * 100, 0), 2) "Used %"
FROM dba_data_files a,
(select file_id, sum(bytes) bytes
from dba_free_space group by File_id) f
WHERE a.file_id=f.file_id(+)
order by a.tablespace_name,a.File_id;
2.4 不使用临时文件的临时表空间
sql复制代码
select tablespace_name,contents from dba_tablespaces
where contents='TEMPORARY' and tablespace_name not in
(select tablespace_name from dba_temp_files);
2.5 无效的数据文件(offline)
sql复制代码
select f.tablespace_name,f.file_name,d.status
from dba_data_files f,v$datafile d
where d.status='OFFLINE' and f.file_id=File#(+);
2.6 处于恢复模式的文件
sql复制代码
select f.tablespace_name,f.file_name
from dba_data_files f, v$recover_file r
where f.file_id=r.file#;
2.7 含有50个以上的Extent且30%以上碎片的表空间
sql复制代码
select s.tablespace_name,
round(100 * f.hole_count / (f.hole_count + s.seg_count)) pct_fragmented,
s.seg_count segments, f.hole_count holes
from (Select tablespace_name, count(*) seg_count
from dba_segments group by tablespace_name) s,
(Select tablespace_name, count(*) hole_count
from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) f
where s.tablespace_name = f.tablespace_name
and s.tablespace_name in (Select tablespace_name
from dba_tablespaces where contents = 'PERMANENT')
And s.tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM')
and 100 * f.hole_count / (f.hole_count + s.seg_count) > 30
and s.seg_count > 50;
2.8 表空间上的I/O分布
sql复制代码
SELECT t.name ts_name,
f.name file_name,
s.phyrds phy_reads,
s.phyblkrd phy_blockreads,
s.phywrts phy_writes,
s.phyblkwrt phy_blockwrites
FROM gv$tablespace t,
gv$datafile f,
gv$filestat s
WHERE t.ts# = f.ts#
and
f.file# = s.file#
ORDER BY s.phyrds desc, s.phywrts desc;
2.10 Next Extent 相对于段当前已分配字节过大(>=2倍)或过小(<10%)的Segments
sql复制代码
Select InitCap(SEGMENT_TYPE) "Type", OWNER, SEGMENT_NAME, BYTES, NEXT_EXTENT,
ROUND(100 * NEXT_EXTENT / BYTES) "Percent(Next/Bytes)"
FROM DBA_SEGMENTS
WHERE ((ROUND(100 * NEXT_EXTENT / BYTES) < 10) OR
(ROUND(100 * NEXT_EXTENT / BYTES) >= 200))
AND SEGMENT_TYPE NOT IN ('ROLLBACK', 'TEMPORARY', 'CACHE', 'TYPE2 UNDO')
order by 2,3,1;
2.11 Max Extents(>1)已经有90%被使用了的Segments
sql复制代码
Select segment_type, owner, Segment_name, Tablespace_name,
partition_name, round(bytes /1024/1024) "Size(MB)", extents, max_extents
From dba_segments
where segment_type not in ('ROLLBACK', 'TEMPORARY', 'CACHE', 'TYPE2 UNDO')
and extents >= (1 - ( 10 / 100)) * max_extents and max_extents > 1
order by bytes / max_extents desc;
2.12 已经分配超过100 Extents的Segments
sql复制代码
Select segment_type, owner, segment_name, extents, partition_name
from dba_segments
where segment_type not in ('ROLLBACK', 'TEMPORARY', 'CACHE', 'TYPE2 UNDO')
and owner not in ('SYS', 'SYSTEM', 'OUTLN', 'DBSNMP', 'ORDSYS', 'ORDPLUGINS',
'MDSYS', 'CTXSYS', 'AURORA$ORB$UNAUTHENTICATED', 'XDB')
and extents > 100;
2.13 因表空间空间不够将导致不能扩展的Objects
sql复制代码
Select a.tablespace_name, a.owner,
decode(a.partition_name, null, a.segment_name,
a.segment_name || '.' || a.partition_name) "Segment Name",
a.extents, round(next_extent/1024) next_extent_kb,
round(b.free / 1024) ts_free_kb,
round(c.morebytes / 1024 / 1024) ts_growth_mb
from dba_segments a,
(Select df.tablespace_name, nvl(max(fs.bytes), 0) free
from dba_data_files df,
dba_free_space fs
where df.file_id = fs.file_id (+)
group by df.tablespace_name) b,
(Select tablespace_name, max(maxbytes - bytes) morebytes,
sum(decode(AUTOEXTENSIBLE, 'YES', 1, 0)) autoextensible
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name) c
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name
and ((c.autoextensible = 0) or ((c.autoextensible > 0)
and (a.next_extent > c.morebytes)))
and a.next_extent > b.free
order by 1;
2.14 表空间碎片化程度分析（FSFI<30,破碎化程度高）
sql复制代码
select tablespace_name,
round(sqrt(max(blocks) / sum(blocks)) *
(100 / sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))),
2) FSFI,
(case
when sqrt(max(blocks) / sum(blocks)) *
(100 / sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))) > = 30 then
'正常'
when sqrt(max(blocks) / sum(blocks)) *
(100 / sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))) < 30 then
'表空间破碎化程度高，请整理'
end) Prompt
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
order by 2;
select h.tablespace_name,
round(sum(h.bytes_free+h.bytes_used)/1048576, 2) "MB_Alloc",
round(sum((h.bytes_free+h.bytes_used)-nvl(p.bytes_used, 0))/1048576, 2) "MB_free",
round(sum(nvl(p.bytes_used, 0))/ 1048576, 2) "MB_Used",
round((sum((h.bytes_free + h.bytes_used)-nvl(p.bytes_used, 0))/sum(h.bytes_used + h.bytes_free)) * 100,2) "Pct_Free%",
100 - round((sum((h.bytes_free + h.bytes_used) - nvl(p.bytes_used, 0)) / sum(h.bytes_used + h.bytes_free)) * 100,2)
"pct_used%"
from sys.v_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER h, sys.v_$Temp_extent_pool p, dba_temp_files f
where p.file_id(+) = h.file_id
and p.tablespace_name(+) = h.tablespace_name
and f.file_id = h.file_id
and f.tablespace_name = h.tablespace_name
group by h.tablespace_name, f.maxbytes
ORDER BY 4;
2.18 使用最多临时表空间的SQL
sql复制代码
SELECT SE.USERNAME,
SE.SID,
SU.EXTENTS,
(SU.BLOCKS * TO_NUMBER(RTRIM(P.VALUE)))/(1024*1024) AS "SPACE",
TABLESPACE,
SEGTYPE,
SQL_TEXT
FROM V$SORT_USAGE SU, V$PARAMETER P, V$SESSION SE, V$SQL S
WHERE P.NAME = 'DB_BLOCK_SIZE'
AND SU.SESSION_ADDR = SE.SADDR
AND S.HASH_VALUE = SU.SQLHASH
AND S.ADDRESS = SU.SQLADDR
ORDER BY SU.BLOCKS * TO_NUMBER(RTRIM(P.VALUE)) DESC, SE.SID;
3 重做日志
3.1 重做日志文件信息
sql复制代码
select f.group#, f.member "Redo File", f.Type,
l.Status,l.bytes/1024/1024 "Size(MB)"
from v$log l,v$logfile f
where l.group#=f.group#;
3.2 最近7天归档日志的生成频率
sql复制代码
select a.recid,
to_char(a.first_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') begin_time,
b.recid,
to_char(b.first_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') end_time,
round((b.first_time - a.first_time) * 24 * 60, 2) minutes
from v$log_history a, v$log_history b
where b.recid = a.recid + 1
and a.first_time > sysdate - 7;
3.3 监控当前重做日志文件使用情况（as sysdba）
sql复制代码
select le.leseq "Current log sequence No",
100 * cp.cpodr_bno / le.lesiz "Percent Full",
(cpodr_bno - 1) * 512 "bytes used exclude header",
le.lesiz * 512 - cpodr_bno * 512 "Left space",
le.lesiz * 512 "logfile size"
from x$kcccp cp, x$kccle le
where LE.leseq = CP.cpodr_seq
and bitand(le.leflg, 24) = 8;
select name,to_char(value) "value(Byte)"
from v$sga
union all
select name,value
from v$parameter
where name in
('shared pool_size','large_pool_size',
'java_pool_size','lock_sga');
4.2 Library Cache Reload Ratio(<1%)
sql复制代码
Select round((Sum(Reloads) / Sum (Pins)) * 100, 4) "LC_Reload_Ratio%"
From V$Librarycache;
4.3 Data Dictionary Miss Ratio(<15%)
Select Round((((sum(GetMisses)) / sum(Gets)) * 100),4) "DC_Miss_Ratio%"
From V$rowcache;
4.4 共享池使用概况
Select round(sum(a.bytes)/(1024*1024), 2) "Used(MB)",
round(max(p.value)/(1024*1024), 2) "Size(MB)",
round((max(p.value)/(1024*1024))-(sum(a.bytes)/(1024*1024)), 2) "Avail(MB)",
round((sum(a.bytes)/max(p.value))*100, 2) "Used(%)"
from V$sgastat a,
(select decode(sign(instr(upper(value), 'K') + instr(upper(value),'M')),
0, value,
1, decode(sign(instr(upper(value), 'K')),
1, to_number(1024 * rtrim(substr(value, 1, instr(upper(value), 'K') - 1))),
to_number(1024 * 1024 * rtrim(substr(value, 1,instr(upper(value), 'M') - 1))))) value
from v$parameter
where name like 'shared_pool_size') p
where a.name in
( 'reserved stopper', 'table definiti', 'dictionary cache',
'library cache', 'sql area', 'PL/SQL DIANA', 'SEQ S.O.');
4.5 共享池建议
sql复制代码
select shared_pool_size_for_estimate "Shared Pool Size(estimate)",
SHARED_POOL_SIZE_FACTOR "Factor",
estd_lc_size "Libarary Cache Size",
estd_lc_time_saved "time Saved"
from v$shared_pool_advice;
4.6 DB Buffer Cache(Default) Hit Ratio(>90%)
sql复制代码
Select round(100 * (1-(physical_reads/(db_block_gets+consistent_gets))), 4) "BC_Hit _Ratio"
FROM v$buffer_pool_statistics
WHERE name = 'DEFAULT';
4.7 DB Buffer Cache Advice
sql复制代码
select Name "Pool Name",Block_size,SIZE_FOR_ESTIMATE "Buffer Size",
SIZE_FACTOR "Factor",ESTD_PHYSICAL_READ_FACTOR "Phy_Read_Factor",
ESTD_PHYSICAL_READS "ESTD_PHY_READS"
from v$db_cache_advice where ADVICE_STATUS='ON';
4.8 磁盘排序(<5%)
sql复制代码
select a.value "Sort(Disk)", b.value "Sort(Memory)",
round(100*(a.value/decode((a.value+b.value), 0,1,
(a.value+b.value))),2) "Disk_Sort_Ratio%"
from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b
where a.name = 'sorts (disk)' and b.name = 'sorts (memory)';
4.9 Log Buffer latch Contention(<1%)
sql复制代码
SELECT name "Redo Name", gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses,
Decode(gets,0,0,round(misses/gets*100,3)) "Miss_Ratio%",
Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0,
round( immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100,3)) "Immediate Misses Ratio%"
FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');
SELECT a.VALUE redo_entries,
b.VALUE redo_buffer_allocation_retries,
ROUND((1 - b.VALUE / a.VALUE) * 100, 4) log_buffer_ratio
FROM v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b
WHERE a.NAME = 'redo entries'
AND b.NAME = 'redo buffer allocation retries';
4.12 数据字典高速缓存
sql复制代码
SELECT a.VALUE redo_entries,
b.VALUE redo_buffer_allocation_retries,
ROUND((1 - b.VALUE / a.VALUE) * 100, 4) log_buffer_ratio
FROM v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b
WHERE a.NAME = 'redo entries'
AND b.NAME = 'redo buffer allocation retries';
4.13 高速缓存
sql复制代码
SELECT ROUND((1 - SUM(getmisses) / SUM(gets)) * 100, 1) "Dictionary Cache Hit Ratio"
FROM v$rowcache;
4.14 排序（磁盘/内存）
sql复制代码
SELECT b.VALUE memory_sort,
a.VALUE disk_sort,
ROUND((1 - a.VALUE / (a.VALUE + b.VALUE)) * 100, 4) sort_ratio
FROM v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b
WHERE a.NAME = 'sorts (disk)'
AND b.NAME = 'sorts (memory)';
4.15 SGA Memory Map (overall)
sql复制代码
SELECT 1 dummy, 'DB Buffer Cache' area, name, round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,2) "Size/Mb"
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool is null
and name = 'db_block_buffers'
group by name
union all
SELECT 2, 'Shared Pool', pool, round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,2)
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool = 'shared pool'
group by pool
union all
SELECT 3, 'Large Pool', pool, round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,2)
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool = 'large pool'
group by pool
union all
SELECT 4, 'Java Pool', pool, round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,2)
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool = 'java pool'
group by pool
union all
SELECT 5, 'Redo Log Buffer', name, round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,2)
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool is null
and name = 'log_buffer'
group by name
union all
SELECT 6, 'Fixed SGA', name, round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024,2)
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool is null
and name = 'fixed_sga'
group by name
ORDER BY 4 desc;
4.16 SGA Memory Map (shared pool)
sql复制代码
SELECT 'Shared Pool' area,
name,
round(sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024, 2) "Size/Mb"
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool = 'shared pool'
and name in
('library cache', 'dictionary cache', 'free memory', 'sql area')
group by name
union all
SELECT 'Shared Pool' area,
'miscellaneous',
round(sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024, 2) "Size/Mb"
FROM v$sgastat
WHERE pool = 'shared pool'
and name not in
('library cache', 'dictionary cache', 'free memory', 'sql area')
group by pool
order by 3 desc;
4.17 查看SGA的使用
sql复制代码
select COMPONENT,CURRENT_SIZE from V$SGA_DYNAMIC_COMPONENTS;