01.MySQL 安装 - 技术栈

MySQL 安装

MySQL 安装方式

包管理器进行安装：配置好 MySQL 仓库源，用包管理器进行在线安装
二进制包本地安装：下载己编译完成的压缩包，展开至特定路径，并经过简单配置后即可使用
源码编译安装：下载指定版本源码在本地进行编译安装

1. 包管理器进行安装

Ubuntu默认仓库安装MySQL

bash 复制代码

[root@Ubuntu2204 ~]#apt update
[root@Ubuntu2204 ~]#apt install mysql-server
[root@Ubuntu2204 ~]#systemctl status mysql.service

2. 二进制包安装

这里的二进制包是指己经编译完成，以压缩包提供下载的文件，下载到本地之后释放到自定义目录，再进行配置即可。

二进制安装MySQL5.7

bash 复制代码

# 安装相关包
[root@Rocky8 ~]#yum -y  install libaio numactl-libs ncurses-compat-libs

# 用户和组
[root@Rocky8 ~]#groupadd mysql
[root@Rocky8 ~]#useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql

# 准备程序文件
[root@Rocky8 ~]#wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@Rocky8 ~]#tar xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@Rocky8 ~]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@Rocky8 ~]#chown -R root.root /usr/local/mysql/

# 准备环境变量
方法一
[root@Rocky8 ~]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@Rocky8 ~]#. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

方法二select version();
[root@Rocky8 ~]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

# 准备配置文件
[root@Rocky8 ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
skip_name_resolve=1
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

# 初始化数据库文件
[root@Rocky8 ~]#mkdir /data
 生成root空密码
[root@Rocky8 ~]#mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

# 准备服务脚本和启动
[root@Rocky8 ~]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@Rocky8 ~]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@Rocky8 ~]#systemctl start mysqld

# 修改前面生成的空密码为指定密码
[root@Rocky8 ~]#mysqladmin -uroot password 123456

# 测试登录
[root@Rocky8 ~]#mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();

3. 源码编译安装

源码编译安装与前面的二进制包安装相比较，只多了编译过程

4. docker 安装

bash 复制代码

docker run --name mysql -d -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql