目录
[bring up 抚养长大](#bring up 抚养长大)
[call off 取消](#call off 取消)
[turn down 拒绝](#turn down 拒绝)
[make up 捏造，编造](#make up 捏造，编造)
[get over 康复、痊愈](#get over 康复、痊愈)
[look into 调查， 了解](#look into 调查， 了解)
[take after 类似，像](#take after 类似，像)
[stand by 支援](#stand by 支援)
[catch up with 赶上](#catch up with 赶上)
[drop out of 退出、中辍](#drop out of 退出、中辍)
[get away with 侥幸逃脱， 全身而退](#get away with 侥幸逃脱， 全身而退)
[go back on 食言， 说话不算](#go back on 食言， 说话不算)
[come about 发生](#come about 发生)
[fall off 下跌](#fall off 下跌)
[go off 爆炸](#go off 爆炸)
[turn up 出现，出席](#turn up 出现，出席)
形式
片语动词（pharsal verbs）：V + 介副词、由两个以上单字构成一个意义单元、应该当做一个动词来诠释。
简单示例：
The man turned on the light.
S+V+O 这名男子打开了灯。
这时应该把turn on当做一个动词来看（称为片语动词），the light 是动词turn on的受词。
误！！！ 若将on the light 当做介系词片语：
The man turned on the light. 这名男子在灯上旋转。
介系词片语on the light 是地方副词（在灯上），修饰动词turned,整个句子的意思就解释不通了。
区分介系词
The man slept on the couch.
S+V 这名男子睡在长沙发上。
动词时slept, on the couch 是介系词片语，当地方副词使用、修饰动词slept的地方。
片语动词的种类
及物动词
可拆开的片语动词
受词可放在片语后面，也可放在中间
bring up 抚养长大
那个女人抚养八个小孩长大。
That woman brought up eight children.
That woman brought eight children up.
That woman brought them up.
如果受词是代名词（如them）就不适合放在后面，必须把片语动词拆开、受词放中间（如 brought them up）
原因：后面的位置是比较重要的位置，念起来重音也会落在这个位置。但是代名词是比较不重要的东西，不宜念成重音。
call off 取消
老板已经取消了会议
The boss has called off the meeting.
The boss has called the meeting off.
The boss has called it off.
turn down 拒绝
我将拒绝他的提议。
I'm going to turn down his offer.
I'm going to turn his offer down.
I'm going to turn it down.
make up 捏造，编造
他编造了一个很长的故事。
He made up a long story.
He made a long story up.
He made it up.
He and his separated wife finally made up.他和分居的老婆终于合好了。
make up 做不及物动词时，意思是合好
不可拆开的片语动词
受词必须放在片语动词后面
get over 康复、痊愈
It's only a cold; you'll get over it soon enough.
只不过是小感冒，很快就会好了。
片语动词get over属于及物动词，应该要有受词。 不可拆开，意思是说它的受词只能放在后面（如get over it）,而不能放在get 和 over中间。
get it over是另一个不同的片语，意思是趁早把事了结
look into 调查， 了解
The manager will look into your complaint at once.
经理将就您的抱怨立即进行了解。
take after 类似，像
Henry takes after his father.
Henry 很像他爸爸。
stand by 支援
Don't worry; I'll stand by you.
别担心，我会支援你。
Your team is next; please stand by.下一个轮到你们这队了，请准备。
stand by 后面不加受词，属于不及物片语动词，意思为等待，准备
三个字以上的片语动词、及物、不可拆
受词应该放在后面
片语动词如果是三个字，通常++第一个是动词++，++第二个是介副词++ ，++第三个是介系词++，介系词后面必须有受词，所以三个字以上的片语动词都是及物动词，且都不可拆，受词一定放在后面
catch up with 赶上
He's slowly catching up with his classmates in exam grades.
他的考试成绩渐渐赶上同班同学了。
catching是动词， up 是介副词， with 是介系词， his classmates是受词
drop out of 退出、中辍
John hurt his leg and had to drop out of the race.
约翰腿部受伤，不得不退出比赛。
get away with 侥幸逃脱， 全身而退
If you take the money, you can't expect to get away with it.
你要是敢拿钱，就别想全身而退。
go back on 食言， 说话不算
I promised my kid a new notebook, so I can't go back on my word now.
我答应小孩要买一台新笔电，现在不能说了不算。
不及物动词
come about 发生
How did this all come about?
这件事是怎么发生的？
fall off 下跌
Business has fallen off badly since the SARS epidemic.
自从SARS疫情以来，生意惨跌。
go off 爆炸
The bomb went off in the middle of the night.
炸弹半夜爆炸了。
in 是介系词，in the middle of the night 做时间副词使用，修饰went off 的时间。
turn up 出现，出席
The meeting was postponed because too few people turned up.
会议延期了， 因为出席的人太少。