{
"网络测试": [
{ "cmd": "ping -c 4 {ip}", "note": "发送4个ICMP包测试连通性" },
{ "cmd": "ping -c 10 -w 15 {ip}", "note": "测试10次，最多等待15秒" },
{ "cmd": "ifconfig -a", "note": "查看所有网络接口配置(含禁用)" },
{ "cmd": "ip addr show", "note": "显示 IP 地址及属性(现代指令)" },
{ "cmd": "netstat -tuln", "note": "查看正在监听的 TCP/UDP 端口" },
{ "cmd": "netstat -anp | grep ESTABLISHED", "note": "过滤显示已建立的连接" },
{ "cmd": "route -n", "note": "查看路由表(不解析域名)" },
{ "cmd": "arp -a", "note": "查看 ARP 缓存表(IP/MAC对应)" }
],
"目录切换与查看": [
{ "cmd": "pwd", "note": "显示当前工作目录的完整路径" },
{ "cmd": "ls -R", "note": "递归列出所有子目录内容" },
{ "cmd": "ls -al", "note": "列出所有文件及详细权限" },
{ "cmd": "tree -L 2", "note": "树状结构显示目录(深度为2)" }
],
"创建与删除": [
{ "cmd": "mkdir -p /path/to/dir", "note": "递归创建多级目录" },
{ "cmd": "touch file.txt", "note": "创建空文件或更新时间戳" },
{ "cmd": "rm -i file.txt", "note": "删除文件前进行交互确认" },
{ "cmd": "rm -rf dir_name", "note": "强制递归删除目录(慎用!)" },
{ "cmd": "rmdir dir_name", "note": "仅删除空目录" }
],
"复制、移动与重命名": [
{ "cmd": "cp -r source_dir dest_dir", "note": "递归复制整个文件夹" },
{ "cmd": "cp -p file1 file2", "note": "连同文件属性一起复制" },
{ "cmd": "mv old_name new_name", "note": "移动或重命名文件" }
],
"权限与所有权": [
{ "cmd": "chmod 755 file", "note": "设置权限为 rwxr-xr-x" },
{ "cmd": "chmod +x script.sh", "note": "给脚本添加可执行权限" },
{ "cmd": "chown user:group file", "note": "更改所属用户和组" },
{ "cmd": "chown -R user:group dir", "note": "递归更改目录下所有权" }
],
"文本处理与搜索": [
{ "cmd": "cat > file.txt", "note": "从标准输入重写文件(Ctrl+D结束)" },
{ "cmd": "grep -r 'keyword' /path/", "note": "递归搜索关键字" },
{ "cmd": "find . -type f -size +100M", "note": "查找大于100MB的文件" },
{ "cmd": "diff file1 file2", "note": "逐行比较两个文件的差异" }
],
"压缩与归档": [
{ "cmd": "tar -zcvf archive.tar.gz /path", "note": "创建 gzip 压缩归档" },
{ "cmd": "tar -zxvf archive.tar.gz", "note": "解压 .tar.gz 文件" },
{ "cmd": "tar -xzvf /mnt/mmc/archive.tar.gz -C /mnt/mmc/CarDetector/", "note": "解压 .tar.gz 到指定文件夹" },
{ "cmd": "zip -r data.zip folder/", "note": "将文件夹压缩为 zip" },
{ "cmd": "unzip data.zip", "note": "解压 zip 文件" }
],
"系统状态": [
{ "cmd": "uptime", "note": "查看系统运行时间及负载" },
{ "cmd": "uname -a", "note": "显示内核、硬件架构等信息" },
{ "cmd": "date", "note": "查看或设置系统当前时间" },
{ "cmd": "cat /proc/loadavg", "note": "查看 1,5,15 分钟负载快照" },
{ "cmd": "free -m", "note": "以 MB 查看内存使用情况" },
{ "cmd": "df -h", "note": "以易读模式查看磁盘空间占用" }
],
"进程管理": [
{ "cmd": "top -b -n 1", "note": "批处理模式显示一次进程快照" },
{ "cmd": "top -b -n 1 -p $(pgrep -d',' -i 'cmd_basicmode|guardianPro|DataServiceBrid')", "note": "批处理模式显示一次进程快照" },
{ "cmd": "ps -ef", "note": "显示所有进程的完整格式信息" },
{ "cmd": "ps aux --sort=-%mem | head -n 10", "note": "内存占用前10的进程" },
{ "cmd": "ps aux --sort=-%cpu | head -n 10", "note": "CPU 占用前10的进程" }
],
"日志与文件": [
{ "cmd": "rm /mnt/mmc/CarDetector/debug.txt", "note": "删除某文件" },
{ "cmd": "tail -n 50 /var/log/messages", "note": "查看系统消息日志后50行" },
{ "cmd": "tail -n 200 /mnt/mmc/CarDetector/debug.txt", "note": "查看系统消息日志后200行" },
{ "cmd": "tail -n 50 /var/log/syslog", "note": "查看系统日志(Ubuntu/Debian)" },
{ "cmd": "dmesg | tail -n 50", "note": "查看内核缓冲信息最后50条" },
{ "cmd": "ls -lh /tmp", "note": "查看临时目录文件及大小" },
{ "cmd": "find /var/log -name "*.log" -mtime -1", "note": "查找24小时内修改的日志" }
],
"硬件与服务": [
{ "cmd": "lsusb", "note": "列出 USB 设备信息" },
{ "cmd": "lspci", "note": "列出 PCI 设备(显卡/网卡等)" },
{ "cmd": "systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running", "note": "查看运行中的服务" },
{ "cmd": "service --status-all", "note": "查看所有传统服务状态" }
]
}