Oracle数据库系统回滚段异常处理-ORA-600 4137/4193---惜分飞

惜分飞2026-06-27 11:44

最初是由于数据库sysaux文件无法正常恢复,重建ctl抛弃sysaux文件,然后打开数据库,但是无法expdp导出数据

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| Export: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jun 24 17:18:04 2026 Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and``/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production ORA-31626: job does not exist ORA-31637: cannot create job SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 ``for user SYS ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPV$FT"``, line 1140 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPV$FT"``, line 1741 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR"``, line 95 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPV$FT_INT"``, line 823 ORA-39080: failed to create queues ``"KUPC$C_1_20260624171804" and ``"" for Data Pump job ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR"``, line 95 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPC$QUE_INT"``, line 1541 ORA-00376: ``file 3 cannot be ``read at this ``time ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_AQADM"``, line 742 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_AQADM_SYS"``, line 8060 ORA-01110: data ``file 3: ``'/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_2/dbs/MISSING00003' ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_AQADM_SYSCALLS"``, line 912 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_AQADM_SYS"``, line 8036 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.DBMS_AQADM"``, line 737 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPC$QUE_INT"``, line 1461 ORA-06512: at line 1 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPC$QUEUE_INT"``, line 158 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPV$FT_INT"``, line 758 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPV$FT"``, line 1645 ORA-06512: at ``"SYS.KUPV$FT"``, line 1101 |

然后通过各方人员一顿操作猛如虎,导致数据库启动报ORA-600 4137和ORA-600 4193错误,数据库无法open成功

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| 2026-06-24T18:38:50.158906+08:00 alter database ``open 2026-06-24T18:38:50.182720+08:00 Ping without log force is disabled: ``instance mounted ``in exclusive mode. 2026-06-24T18:38:50.219449+08:00 ............ 2026-06-24T18:38:50.514016+08:00 ARC3: Archival started ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE Errors ``in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/trace/orcl1_ora_48840``.trc (incident=304968): ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4137], [0.77.1546], [0], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Incident details ``in``: ``/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/incident/incdir_304968/orcl1_ora_48840_i304968``.trc Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident. ORACLE Instance orcl1 (pid = 53) - Error 600 encountered ``while recovering transaction (0, 77). 2026-06-24T18:38:51.313973+08:00 Errors ``in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/trace/orcl1_ora_48840``.trc: ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4137], [0.77.1546], [0], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] 2026-06-24T18:38:51.649361+08:00 Errors ``in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/trace/orcl1_ora_48840``.trc (incident=304969): ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [1112], [1122], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Incident details ``in``: ``/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/incident/incdir_304969/orcl1_ora_48840_i304969``.trc 2026-06-24T18:38:53.412782+08:00 opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (48840) as a result of ORA-603 |

需要open故障库,并且正常导出数据,需要处理两个问题

  1. 被抛弃的sysaux文件需要正常online起来，不然expdp无法正常导出用户或者全库数据

  2. 需要解决open过程的ORA-600 4137/ORA-600 4193错误

对于sysaux文件进行检查，由于重建ctl没有包含异常的sysaux文件，因此无法直接从库中查询到当前各种文件头相关情况,通过obet直接解析文件头获取相关信息(Oracle数据块编辑工具( Oracle Block Editor Tool)-obet)

对于这种情况，可以使用obet的修改文件头checkpoint scn和resetlogs scn功能进行快速修复

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| OBET> ``set file 2 filename ``set to: ``/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_``.dbf (``file``#2) OBET> backup Created backup directory: backup_blk Successfully backed up block 1 from current ``file to ``/tmp/backup_blk/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_``.dbf_1.20260624191357 OBET> copy chkscn ``file 1 to ``file 2 Error: Edit mode not enabled. Use ``'set mode edit' first. OBET> ``set mode edit mode ``set to: edit OBET> copy chkscn ``file 1 to ``file 2 Confirm Modify chkscn: Source: ``file``#1 (/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_system_go990lcg_.dbf) Target: ``file``#2 (/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_.dbf) Proceed? (Y``/YES to confirm): ``yes Successfully copied checkpoint SCN information from ``file``#1 to file#2. OBET> copy resetlogscn ``file 1 to ``file 2 Confirm Modify resetlogscn: Source: ``file``#1 (/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_system_go990lcg_.dbf) Target: ``file``#2 (/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_.dbf) Proceed? (Y``/YES to confirm): ``yes Successfully copied resetlog SCN information from ``file``#1 to file#2. OBET> ``sum Check value ``for File ``/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_``.dbf, Block 1: current = 0xF21B, required = 0x6651 OBET> ``sum apply Confirm applying checksum: File: ``/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_``.dbf Block: 1 Offset ``in block: 16 (``file offset: 0x00002010) Original value: 0xF21B New value: 0x6651 Confirm? (Y``/YES to proceed): y Verification successful: Stored checksum matches calculated value (0x6651). Checksum applied successfully. OBET> tailchk Check tailchk ``for File ``/u02/app/oracle/oradata/PYJHYSYS/PYJHYSYS/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go991cmw_``.dbf, Block 1: current = 0x010B0000, required = 0x010B0000 OBET> |

然后重建ctl，包含该sysaux，尝试打开数据库,报ORA-600 4193错误

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| SYS@ORCL> ``alter database open ; alter database open * ERROR ``at line 1: ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated ``by fatal error ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change ``to a data block ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [1112], [1122], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Process ID: 93550 Session ID: 1123 Serial number: 55884 |

进一步跟踪启动过程，确认报错在update undo$上

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| PARSING IN CURSOR #140446136869016 ``len=160 dep=1 uid=0 oct=6 lid=0 tim=3161302405543 hv=1292341136 ad=``'9bbd4828' sqlid=``'8vyjutx6hg3wh' update /*+ rule */ undo$ ``set name=:2,``file``#=:3,block#=:4,status$=:5,user#=:6,undosqn=:7, xactsqn=:8,scnbas=:9,scnwrp=:10,inst``#=:11,ts#=:12,spare1=:13 where us#=:1 END OF STMT PARSE #140446136869016 :c=11966,e=11918,p=18,cr=94,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=1,og=3,plh=0,tim=3161302405542 BINDS #140446136869016 : ``Bind #0 ``oacdty=01 mxl=32(21) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=18 fl2=0001 frm=01 csi=852 siz=32 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=9bbdac32 bln=32 avl=21 flg=09 ``value=``"_SYSSMU12_3861134380$" ``Bind #1 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda370 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=5 ``Bind #2 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda340 bln=24 avl=03 flg=05 ``value=144 ``Bind #3 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda310 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=5 ``Bind #4 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda2e0 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=1 ``Bind #5 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda2b0 bln=24 avl=04 flg=05 ``value=46221 ``Bind #6 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda280 bln=24 avl=05 flg=05 ``value=30810931 ``Bind #7 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda250 bln=24 avl=06 flg=05 ``value=3399756014 ``Bind #8 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda220 bln=24 avl=03 flg=05 ``value=2429 ``Bind #9 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda1f0 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=2 ``Bind #10 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda1c0 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=4 ``Bind #11 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda190 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=2 ``Bind #12 ``oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 ``oacflg=08 fl2=1000001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 ``kxsbbbfp=7fbc23eda3a0 bln=22 avl=02 flg=05 ``value=12 WAIT #140446136869016 : nam=``'db file sequential read' ela= 16 ``file``#=1 block#=547 blocks=1 obj#=0 tim=3161302406306 2026-06-24T19:59:40.979075+08:00 ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4193], [1112], [1122], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] |

alert日志中还有ORA-600 4137等错误

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| ORACLE Instance orcl1 (pid = 53) - Error 600 encountered ``while recovering transaction (0, 77). 2026-06-24T19:59:40.387459+08:00 Errors ``in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/trace/orcl1_ora_83245``.trc: ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4137], [0.77.1546], [0], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] |

通过这个报错,可以确认是由于0号回滚段,也就是rollback中事务异常，获取相关的trace

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| [TOC00003] ----- Beginning of Customized Incident Dump(s) ----- XID passed ``in = xid: 0x0000.04d.0000060a XID from Undo block = xid: 0x0000.060.00000600 Dump of buffer cache at level 7 ``for pdb=0 tsn=0 rdba=4194432 BH (0x3ddfd26b8) ``file``#: 1 rdba: 0x00400080 (1/128) class: 15 ba: 0x3ddb80000 ``set``: 166 pool: 3 bsz: 8192 bsi: 0 sflg: 2 pwc: 0,0 ``dbwrid: 3 obj: -1 objn: 0 tsn: [0``/0``] afn: 1 hint: f ``hash``: [0x3ddece808,0xc6bdc2d8] lru: [0xbc1db108,0xbc1db108] ``ckptq: [NULL] fileq: [NULL] ``objq: [0xa2267bc0,0xa2267bc0] objaq: [0xa2267bb0,0xa2267bb0] ``st: XCURRENT md: NULL fpin: ``'ktuwh72: ktugus:ktuswr1' fscn: 0x980cfff669f tch: 1 ``flags: ``LRBA: [0x0.0.0] LSCN: [0x0] HSCN: [0x0] HSUB: [65535] ``Printing buffer operation ``history (latest change first): ``cnt: 10 ``01. sid:00 L353:gcur:``set``:MEXCL 02. sid:00 L145:zib:mk:EXCL ``03. sid:00 L212:zib:bic:FSQ 04. sid:00 L122:zgb:``set``:st ``05. sid:00 L830:olq1:clr:WRT+CKT 06. sid:00 L951:zgb:lnk:objq ``07. sid:00 L372:zgb:``set``:MEXCL 08. sid:00 L123:zgb:no:FEN ``09. sid:00 L083:zgb:ent:fn 10. sid:01 L203:w_ini_dc:bic:FVB ``buffer tsn: 0 rdba: 0x00400080 (1``/128``) ``scn: 0x980cffc5958 ``seq``: 0x01 flg: 0x04 ``tail``: 0x59580e01 ``frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x2688 ``type``: 0x0e=KTU UNDO HEADER W``/UNLIMITED EXTENTS |

基于这样的情况,可以判断通过清理undo$中的相关记录,让其重新分配新的回滚块

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| Block Header: block ``type``=0x0e (KTU UNDO HEADER W``/UNLIMITED EXTENTS) block ``format``=0xa2 (oracle 10+) block rdba=0x00400080 (``file``#=1, block#=128) scn=0x0980.cff7c56d, ``seq``=1, ``tail``=0xc56d0e01 block checksum value=0x2683=9859, flag=4 ``Extent Control Header ``------------------------------------------------------------- ``Extent Header:: extents: 10 blocks: 79 ``last map: 0x00000000 #maps : 0 offset: 4128 ``Highwater:: 0x00400225 (rfile``#=1,block#=549) ``ext``#: 6 blk#: 5 ext size:8 #blocks ``in seg. hdr's freelists: 0 #blocks ``below: 0 ``mapblk: 0x00000000 offset: 6 ``Map Header:: next: 0x00000000 #extents : 10 obj``#: 0 flag: 0x40000000 ``Extent Control Header ``------------------------------------------------------------- ``0x00400081 length: 7 ``0x004206a8 length: 8 ``0x004206b0 length: 8 ``0x00400088 length: 8 ``0x00400210 length: 8 ``0x00400218 length: 8 ``0x00400220 length: 8 ``0x00400228 length: 8 ``0x004206a0 length: 8 ``0x00400230 length: 8 ``TRN CTL:: ``seq``: 0x0462 chd: 0x005e ctl: 0x000d inc: 0x00000000 nbf: 0x0000 ``mgc: 0x8002 xts: 0x0068 flg: 0x0001 opt: 2147483646(0x7ffffffe) ``uba: 0x00000225.0462.1d scn: 0x0980.cf1f2121 Version: 0x01 ``FREE BLOCK POOL:: ``uba: 0x00000000.0462.1c ext: 0x6 spc: 0x11a2 ``uba: 0x00000000.0462.26 ext: 0x6 spc: 0xc86 ``uba: 0x00000000.0462.03 ext: 0x6 spc: 0x1e5c ``uba: 0x00000000.0460.03 ext: 0x4 spc: 0x1e5c ``uba: 0x00000000.043c.21 ext: 0x8 spc: 0xd2c |

然后数据库打开成功,使用expdp完美导出数据，完成本次恢复任务

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