项目结构：
python
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Push & Pull Pattern（推 - 拉）模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/25 20:38
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : settings.py
"""全局配置：端口、超时、珠宝行业固定常量、消息分隔符"""
# ZMQ 通信端口定义
PORT_RAW_MATERIAL = 5555
PORT_PROCESS = 5556
PORT_QUALITY = 5557
PORT_SALE = 5558
# 通信超时(ms)
ZMQ_SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 3000
# 珠宝行业基础枚举常量
JEWELRY_CATEGORY = [
"钻石戒指", "黄金项链", "翡翠手镯", "铂金耳钉", "彩宝吊坠"
]
QUALITY_GRADE = [
"S级(收藏)", "A级(精品)", "B级(常规)", "C级(特价)"
]
# 消息分隔符，统一解析格式
MSG_SEP = "|"
KV_SEP = ":"
# 本地连接地址
LOCAL_TCP_ADDR = "tcp://localhost"
BIND_ADDR = "tcp://*"
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:39
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : exceptions.py
"""
自定义异常体系
"""
class ServiceException(Exception):
"""
核心层：自定义异常
业务服务基础异常
"""
pass
class ExternalServiceException(ServiceException):
"""
外部服务调用异常
"""
pass
class CircuitBreakerOpenException(ServiceException):
"""
断路器开启异常
"""
pass
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:44
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : base.py
"""
断路器抽象基类（依赖倒置原则：面向接口编程）
"""
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from enum import Enum
class CircuitBreakerState(Enum):
"""
核心层：断路器抽象基类
断路器状态枚举
"""
CLOSED = "CLOSED"
OPEN = "OPEN"
HALF_OPEN = "HALF_OPEN"
class BaseCircuitBreaker(ABC):
"""
断路器抽象接口"
"""
@abstractmethod
def is_allowed(self) -> bool:
"""
是否允许请求通过
:return:
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def on_success(self)->None:
"""
请求成功处理
:return:
"""
pass
@abstractmethod
def on_failure(self)->None:
"""
请求失败处理
:return:
"""
pass
@property
@abstractmethod
def state(self)->CircuitBreakerState:
"""
获取当前状态
:return:
"""
pass
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:46
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : impl.py
import time
from .base import BaseCircuitBreaker, CircuitBreakerState
from CircuitBreakerPattern.config.settings import CB_CONFIG
class DefaultCircuitBreaker(BaseCircuitBreaker):
"""
核心层：断路器实现
默认断路器实现
"""
def __init__(
self,
failure_threshold=CB_CONFIG.FAILURE_THRESHOLD,
recovery_timeout=CB_CONFIG.RECOVERY_TIMEOUT,
success_threshold=CB_CONFIG.SUCCESS_THRESHOLD
):
self._failure_threshold = failure_threshold
self._recovery_timeout = recovery_timeout
self._success_threshold = success_threshold
self._state = CircuitBreakerState.CLOSED
self._failure_count = 0
self._success_count = 0
self._last_failure_time = 0
@property
def state(self)->CircuitBreakerState:
"""
:return:
"""
return self._state
def is_allowed(self) -> bool:
if self._state == CircuitBreakerState.OPEN:
now = time.time()
if now - self._last_failure_time >= self._recovery_timeout:
self._state = CircuitBreakerState.HALF_OPEN
print("🔄 断路器超时 → 进入半开状态")
return True
return False
return True
def on_success(self)-> bool:
"""
:return:
"""
if self._state == CircuitBreakerState.CLOSED:
self._failure_count = 0
elif self._state == CircuitBreakerState.HALF_OPEN:
self._success_count += 1
if self._success_count >= self._success_threshold:
print("✅ 半开状态连续成功 → 断路器关闭")
self._reset()
def on_failure(self)->None:
"""
:return:
"""
if self._state == CircuitBreakerState.CLOSED:
self._failure_count += 1
print(f"失败计数：{self._failure_count}/{self._failure_threshold}")
if self._failure_count >= self._failure_threshold:
print("🔥 连续失败达到阈值 → 断路器打开")
self._open()
elif self._state == CircuitBreakerState.HALF_OPEN:
print("❌ 半开状态请求失败 → 重新打开断路器")
self._open()
def _open(self)->None:
"""
切换为开启状态
:return:
"""
self._state = CircuitBreakerState.OPEN
self._last_failure_time = time.time()
self._success_count = 0
def _reset(self)-> None:
"""
重置为关闭状态
:return:
"""
self._state = CircuitBreakerState.CLOSED
self._failure_count = 0
self._success_count = 0
self._last_failure_time = 0
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:49
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : decorators.py
"""
通用装饰器
"""
import functools
from CircuitBreakerPattern.core.circuitbreaker.base import BaseCircuitBreaker, CircuitBreakerState
from CircuitBreakerPattern.core.exceptions import ExternalServiceException
from CircuitBreakerPattern.config.settings import JEWELRY_CONFIG
def circuit_breaker(breaker: BaseCircuitBreaker):
"""
工具层：断路器装饰器
断路器装饰器（通用、可复用）
:param breaker:
:return:
"""
def decorator(func):
"""
:param func:
:return:
"""
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
"""
:param args:
:param kwargs:
:return:
"""
if not breaker.is_allowed():
print(f"⚠️ 断路器已打开 | 当前状态：{breaker.state.value} → 使用兜底金价")
return {
"status": "fallback",
"message": "断路器已开启，使用兜底数据",
"gold_price": JEWELRY_CONFIG.FALLBACK_GOLD_PRICE
}
try:
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
breaker.on_success()
print(f"✅ 请求成功 | 断路器状态：{breaker.state.value}")
return result
except ExternalServiceException as e:
breaker.on_failure()
print(f"❌ 请求失败 | 断路器状态：{breaker.state.value} | 异常：{e}")
return {
"status": "error",
"message": "第三方金价服务调用失败",
"gold_price": JEWELRY_CONFIG.FALLBACK_GOLD_PRICE
}
return wrapper
return decorator
python
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:53
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : inventory_service.py
"""
珠宝库存服务（内部稳定服务）
"""
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class StockResult:
sku: str
stock: int
status: str = "success"
class JewelryInventoryService:
"""
业务服务层：库存服务
库存服务：单一职责，仅处理库存校验
"""
def check_diamond_stock(self, sku: str) -> StockResult:
"""
钻石库存校验
:param sku:
:return:
"""
return StockResult(sku=sku, stock=15)
def check_gold_stock(self, weight: float) -> dict:
"""
黄金库存校验
:param weight:
:return:
"""
return {
"weight": weight,
"stock": "充足",
"status": "success"
}
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:54
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : price_service.py
"""
第三方金价服务（外部依赖，带断路器保护）
"""
import random
import time
from CircuitBreakerPattern.core.circuitbreaker.impl import DefaultCircuitBreaker
from CircuitBreakerPattern.core.exceptions import ExternalServiceException
from CircuitBreakerPattern.utils.decorators import circuit_breaker
from CircuitBreakerPattern.config.settings import JEWELRY_CONFIG
# 全局单例断路器（生产可替换为Spring/DI容器管理）
_gold_price_circuit_breaker = DefaultCircuitBreaker()
class GoldPriceService:
"""
业务服务层：金价服务
第三方实时金价服务
"""
@circuit_breaker(_gold_price_circuit_breaker)
def get_realtime_price(self) -> dict:
"""
获取实时金价（带熔断保护）
:return:
"""
# 模拟第三方接口故障
if random.random() < JEWELRY_CONFIG.FAILURE_RATE:
raise ExternalServiceException("第三方金价接口超时/500错误")
# 正常返回
price = round(random.uniform(630, 650), 2)
return {
"status": "success",
"gold_price": price,
"update_time": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
}
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:56
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : order_service.py
"""
珠宝订单核心服务（编排业务流程）
"""
import time
from CircuitBreakerPattern.service.inventory_service import JewelryInventoryService
from CircuitBreakerPattern.service.price_service import GoldPriceService
class JewelryOrderService:
"""
业务服务层：订单服务
订单服务：
依赖注入库存服务、金价服务，不直接new对象
"""
def __init__(
self,
inventory_service: JewelryInventoryService,
price_service: GoldPriceService
):
# 依赖注入（松耦合、可测试、可替换）
self.inventory = inventory_service
self.price = price_service
def create_gold_order(self, user_id: str, weight: float, sku: str) -> dict:
"""
创建黄金珠宝订单（标准业务编排）
:param user_id:
:param weight:
:param sku:
:return:
"""
print("\n" + "=" * 50)
print(f"[订单服务] 开始创建订单 | 用户：{user_id} | 克重：{weight}g")
# 1. 校验库存
stock = self.inventory.check_gold_stock(weight)
print(f"[库存服务] {stock}")
# 2. 获取金价（断路器保护）
price_info = self.price.get_realtime_price()
print(f"[金价服务] {price_info}")
# 3. 计算金额
total = round(weight * price_info["gold_price"], 2)
# 4. 生成订单
order = {
"order_id": f"ORD{int(time.time())}",
"user_id": user_id,
"sku": sku,
"weight": weight,
"gold_price": price_info["gold_price"],
"total_amount": total,
"order_status": "PENDING_PAYMENT"
}
print(f"[订单服务] 订单创建成功：{order}")
return order调用：
python
# encoding: utf-8
# 版权所有 2026 ©涂聚文有限公司™ ®
# 许可信息查看：言語成了邀功盡責的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎
# 描述：Circuit-Breaker Pattern 熔断器模式
# Author : geovindu,Geovin Du 涂聚文.
# IDE : PyCharm 2024.3.6 python 3.11
# os : windows 10
# database : mysql 9.0 sql server 2019, postgreSQL 17.0 Oracle 21c Neo4j
# Datetime : 2026/6/28 10:57
# User : geovindu
# Product : PyCharm
# Project : pydesginpattern
# File : CircuitBreakerBll.py
"""
系统入口：依赖注入 + 启动测试
"""
import time
from CircuitBreakerPattern.service.inventory_service import JewelryInventoryService
from CircuitBreakerPattern.service.price_service import GoldPriceService
from CircuitBreakerPattern.service.order_service import JewelryOrderService
class CircuitBreakerBll(object):
"""
"""
def init_dependencies(self):
"""
依赖注入容器（模拟Spring/DI）
解耦：所有服务通过注入创建，而非硬编码
"""
inventory_service = JewelryInventoryService()
price_service = GoldPriceService()
order_service = JewelryOrderService(inventory_service, price_service)
return order_service
def demo(self):
"""
:return:
"""
print("=== 企业级珠宝订单系统（断路器模式保护）===\n")
order_service = self.init_dependencies()
# 模拟10次连续下单
for i in range(10):
print(f"\n====== 第 {i + 1} 次下单请求 ======")
order = order_service.create_gold_order(
user_id=f"USER_{i + 1}",
weight=10.0,
sku="GOLD_999_001"
)
print(f"✅ 最终订单结果：{order}\n")
time.sleep(1)输出：
