CentOS Stream8 基于 Packstack 搭建 OpenStack 云平台全流程实战

CentOS-Stream-8-packstack安装OpenStack-Victoria

摘要：本文详细介绍了在 CentOS Stream 8 环境下使用 packstack 自动化部署 OpenStack Victoria 的完整流程。主要内容包括：1）前期资源与环境准备（虚拟机配置、网络拓扑规划）；2）模板虚拟机准备（yum源配置、基础软件安装、系统清理）；3）OpenStack 节点准备（克隆虚拟机、配置主机名、IP地址、NTP服务）；4）packstack 安装与配置（生成应答文件、修改关键参数、关闭 NetworkManager）；5）安装完成后的测试与优化（登录 Dashboard、开启 network 服务、配置命令补全）。通过分步操作指南和详细命令示例，帮助读者快速搭建可用的 OpenStack Victoria 环境。

前期准备

1、资源清单

CentOS-Stream-8 (minimal安装) - CentOS-Stream-8-20240603.0-x86_64-dvd1.iso
vmware workstation17.5
OpenStack-Victoria

2、虚拟机硬件配置

controller: 4CPU 8G内存 1张网卡:NAT 100G系统盘
compute: 4CPU 8G内存 1张网卡:NAT 100G系统盘
按照个人情况配置内存

3、网络拓扑

vmware网络设置：

NAT网络, 开启DHCP, 192.168.108.0/24, 网关192.168.108.2, DNS 192.168.108.2

说明：

Windows环境vmware的NAT网络网关为192.168.108.2
Linux环境vmware的NAT网络网关为192.168.108.1

/etc/hosts:

复制代码

192.168.108.10 controller
192.168.108.11 compute

步骤一：准备模板虚拟机

基于 CentOS-Stream-8 模板制作的模板，克隆出一个虚拟机(openstack_template)，作为 openstack模板虚拟机。

配置yum源

完整克隆，克隆好后，开机配置

配置yum源

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*

[root@localhost ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/openstack.repo
[centos-openstack-victoria]
name=CentOS 8 - OpenStack victoria
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/cloud/x86_64/openstack-victoria/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[highavailability]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - HighAvailability
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/HighAvailability/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[nfV]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - NFV
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/NFV/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[rt]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - RT
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/RT/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[resilientstorage]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - ResilientStorage
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/ResilientStorage/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[extras-common]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - Extras packages
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/extras/x86_64/extras-common/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[extras]
name=CentOS Stream $releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/extras/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[centos-ceph-pacific]
name=CentOS - Ceph Pacific
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/storage/x86_64/ceph-pacific/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[centos-rabbitmq-38]
name=CentOS-8 - RabbitMQ 38
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/messaging/x86_64/rabbitmq-38/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[centos-nfv-openvswitch]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - NFV Openvswitch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/nfv/x86_64/openvswitch-2/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[baseos]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - BaseOS
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[appstream]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - AppStream
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/AppStream/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[powertools]
name=CentOS Stream 8 - PowerTools
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8-stream/PowerTools/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOF

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache

安装方便操作环境包及基础软件包

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y bash-completion vim open-vm-tools net-tools chrony.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion

设置/etc/hosts

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# echo '192.168.108.10 controller' >> /etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# echo '192.168.108.11 compute' >> /etc/hosts

关闭SELinux

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/^SELINUX=/CSELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

编辑网卡信息

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens160

配置内容：

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TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes

清除密钥信息

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/ssh/
[root@localhost ssh]# rm -rf ssh_host_*

清除Machine ID

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# cat /dev/null > /etc/machine-id
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/machine-id

关闭操作系统并拍快照

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# poweroff

步骤二：准备openstack节点

克隆虚拟机并修改基础配置

采用完全克隆方法克隆出其他2台虚拟机（openstack_controller，openstack_compute）。

同样的操作克隆计算节点

注意：2节点的CPU需要开启虚拟化支持。

两节点配置不同的IP，主机名

两节点分别开机，做以下配置。

配置主机名

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname controller

compute:

bash 复制代码

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname compute

配置IP地址

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160

配置内容：

复制代码

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none      #这行从dhcp变更为none
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.108.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.108.2
DNS1=192.168.108.2

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# nmcli connection reload ens160
[root@controller ~]# nmcli connection up ens160

compute:

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160

配置内容：

复制代码

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none      #这行从dhcp变更为none
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.108.11
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.108.2
DNS1=192.168.108.2

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# nmcli connection reload ens160
[root@compute ~]# nmcli connection up ens160

配置NTP

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf

修改配置：

复制代码

3 # pool 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
4 server ntp.aliyun.com iburst

22 # Allow NTP client access from local network.
23 #allow 192.168.0.0/16
24 allow 192.168.108.0/24

启动服务：

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable chronyd

compute:

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf

修改配置：

复制代码

# pool 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server controller iburst

启动服务：

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@compute ~]# systemctl enable chronyd

关闭操作系统，拍摄快照

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# poweroff

compute:

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# poweroff

步骤三：安装OpenStack和测试

控制节点安装packstack

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# yum install -y openstack-packstack

生成应答文件

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# packstack --gen-answer-file=answers.txt
Packstack changed given value  to required value /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
Additional information:
 * Parameter CONFIG_NEUTRON_L2_AGENT: You have chosen OVN Neutron backend. Note 
that this backend does not support the VPNaaS plugin. Geneve will be used as the encapsulation method for tenant networks

更改应答文件

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# vim answers.txt

修改以下配置项：

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60 CONFIG_HEAT_INSTALL=y
97 CONFIG_COMPUTE_HOSTS=192.168.108.10,192.168.108.11
909 CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVN_BRIDGE_IFACES=br-ex:ens160
1169 CONFIG_PROVISION_DEMO=n

修改密码（示例为huawei）：

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# sed -i.bak -r 's/(.+PW)=[0-9a-z]+\+\\/huawei/g' answers.txt

关闭NetworkManager

CentOS 8 版本默认使用 NetworkManager 管理网络，但它会和 openstack 网络组件产生冲突，从而导致告警或错误。

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager; systemctl disable NetworkManager; systemctl mask NetworkManager

compute:

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager; systemctl disable NetworkManager; systemctl mask NetworkManager

根据应答文件配置安装openstack

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# packstack --answer-file=answers.txt

注意：安装过程中，会在 Testing if ...controller.pp 步骤停留很长时间，预计40-50分钟，其他步骤很快。

安装完成

安装成功后会输出以下信息：

登录凭据存储在 /root/keystoner_admin 文件中。
访问 OpenStack Dashboard 浏览：http://192.168.108.10/dashboard
安装日志文件位于：/var/tmp/packstack/20240920-102825-faid5f5g/openstack-setup.log

登录测试

用户名：admin
密码：huawei

开启network服务

controller:

bash 复制代码

[root@controller ~]# systemctl start network
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable network

compute:

bash 复制代码

[root@compute ~]# systemctl start network
[root@compute ~]# systemctl enable network

配置OpenStack命令补全

bash 复制代码

# 将命令写入到/etc/bash_completion.d/, 路径一定要写正确
[root@controller ~]# openstack complete >> /etc/bash_completion.d/complete

关机拍快照

openstack_controller 和 openstack_compute 两个节点分别拍摄快照，至此安装结束。