Flutter笔记--本地通知

Flutter开发中，本地通知一般会用到flutter_local_notifications，它是Flutter官方推荐的本地通知插件，Dart pub生态最主流的本地推送库。不需要后端服务器、不需要网络，通知全部在手机设备本地完成调度、弹出。简单总结如下:

API:

initialize(xxx):初始化通知插件，配置 Android/iOS 基础参数。

InitializationSettings:分别包装 Android、iOS 初始化配置

AndroidInitializationSettings(String icon):Android 通知图标，传入drawable资源名

DarwinInitializationSettings:iOS 配置，权限、通知展示选项

resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<T>():获取Android平台独有的API实现。iOS返回null。

作用:

1.在手机状态栏弹出系统通知（弹窗、状态栏图标、铃声、震动）

2.定时本地提醒：指定未来某个时间弹出通知（闹钟、待办提醒）

3.监听通知点击事件，携带自定义参数 payload，跳转页面

4.支持 Android、iOS双平台；封装了两个平台原生通知API，不用写Android/iOS 原生代码。

栗子:

Dart 复制代码

  flutter_local_notifications: ^17.0.0

Dart 复制代码

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_local_notifications/flutter_local_notifications.dart';

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
  await NotificationHelper.init();
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class NotificationHelper {
  static final FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin _plugin =
  FlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin();

  static Future<void> init() async {
    const AndroidInitializationSettings androidSettings =
    AndroidInitializationSettings('ic_notification'); // drawable下图标名称

    const DarwinInitializationSettings iosSettings = DarwinInitializationSettings();

    const InitializationSettings initSettings = InitializationSettings(
      android: androidSettings,
      iOS: iosSettings,
    );

    await _plugin.initialize(initSettings);
    await _plugin.resolvePlatformSpecificImplementation<
        AndroidFlutterLocalNotificationsPlugin>()
        ?.requestNotificationsPermission();
  }


  static Future<void> showSimpleNotification() async {
    const AndroidNotificationDetails androidDetail =
    AndroidNotificationDetails(
      "default_channel_id", 
      "普通通知",
      channelDescription: "普通本地通知通道",
      importance: Importance.high,
      priority: Priority.high,
    );

    const NotificationDetails notificationDetail = NotificationDetails(
      android: androidDetail,
      iOS: DarwinNotificationDetails(),
    );

    await _plugin.show(
      1001,
      "本地通知标题",
      "这是一条即时弹出的本地通知消息",
      notificationDetail,
    );
  }
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(title: const Text("Demo1 立即通知")),
        body: Center(
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: NotificationHelper.showSimpleNotification,
            child: const Text("点击弹出本地通知"),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

注意:

1 zonedSchedule+androidAllowWhileIdle:true 需要精确闹钟权限，Android12+用户必须手动开启，否则抛exact_alarms_not_permitted。

2 zonedSchedule必须TZDateTime，普通DateTime不能直接传入，需要timezone并且初始化。

3 Android通知图标必须是drawable目录