HAVE — have / has / had (One-Page Notes)

📘 HAVE --- have / has / had (One-Page Notes)

For printing / copying · British English pronunciation · Core rules + common mistakes

1️⃣ Basic Forms

Form	Used with	Tense	Example
have /hæv/	I, you, we, they	Present	I have a dress.
has /hæz/	he, she, it, singular nouns	Present	She has a red car.
had /hæd/	all subjects	Past	I had a dog.
having /ˈhævɪŋ/	continuous	---	She is having lunch.

2️⃣ Two Roles

A. Main Verb

Meaning: to possess, eat/drink, experience, do.

I have a beautiful dress.
We have long holidays in China.
⚠️ Don't say a long holidays.
He has a pretty girlfriend.
It has too many toys.
I had a dog when I was a child.

Common collocations:

have breakfast / lunch / dinner; have a shower; have a rest; have a look; have a try; have a good time.

have to / has to / had to = must

I have to go. She has to study. We had to wait.

B. Auxiliary Verb

Structure: have / has / had + past participle.

I have eaten my dinner.
She has finished her homework.
They had played with toys before dinner.
I had eaten before he arrived.

3️⃣ Perfect Tenses

Tense	Structure	Example
Present Perfect	have/has + p.p.	I have finished.
Past Perfect	had + p.p.	She had left before I came.
Future Perfect	will have + p.p.	They will have arrived by 8.
Present Perfect Continuous	have/has been + V-ing	He has been working all day.
Past Perfect Continuous	had been + V-ing	I had been waiting for an hour.

4️⃣ Questions & Negatives

Main Verb (possession)

British: have got ; American/General: do / does / did

Do you have a pen? / Have you got a pen?
I don't have a pen. / I haven't got a pen.
Did you have a car?
She doesn't have a car. / She hasn't got a car.

Auxiliary Verb (perfect tenses) -- no do

Have you finished ? / I haven't finished.
Had they left ? / They hadn't left.

5️⃣ Common Mistakes

Wrong	Correct	Reason
He have a car.	He has a car.	Third person singular uses has.
I has a dream.	I have a dream.	I uses have.
Did you had?	Did you have?	After did, use the base form.
I have went.	I have gone.	Perfect tenses use the past participle.
I had ate.	I had eaten.	Past perfect uses the past participle.
We have a long holidays.	We have long holidays.	Holidays is plural; don't use a.
She hasn't a car.	She doesn't have a car. / She hasn't got a car.	British negatives need got or do.

6️⃣ Pronunciation & Linking (British English)

Word	Strong	Weak
have	/hæv/	/həv/
has	/hæz/	/həz/
had	/hæd/	/həd/
haven't	/ˈhævnt/	---
hasn't	/ˈhæznt/	---
hadn't	/ˈhædnt/	---

Linking:

have a → /hævə/ or /həvə/
has a → /hæzə/
had a → /hædə/
Have you → /hæv juː/ or /həv juː/
Has he → /hæz hiː/
Had they → /hæd ðeɪ/

✅ One-Sentence Summary

Have / has / had can be a main verb (possess, eat, experience) or an auxiliary verb (form perfect tenses). As an auxiliary, it is followed by the past participle. As a main verb, British questions and negatives can use have got or do/does/did.

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Teacher's Script: HAVE --- have / has / had

Time: About 8--10 minutes

Level: Beginner to Elementary

Topic: Have / Has / Had as main verbs and auxiliary verbs

1. Greeting and Warm-up (1 minute)

Teacher:

Good morning, everyone. Today we are going to talk about a very common verb: HAVE .

You already know sentences like I have a book or She has a cat .

But have is more than just "拥有". It has two identities: it can be a main verb , and it can be an auxiliary verb .

Let's look at both.

First, let's review the forms.

(Write on the board.)

have /hæv/ --- with I, you, we, they

has /hæz/ --- with he, she, it, singular nouns

had /hæd/ --- with all subjects, past

having /ˈhævɪŋ/ --- continuous form

Repeat after me: have, has, had, having .

(Students repeat.)

2. Main Verb: Have = Possess, Eat, Experience (2 minutes)

Teacher:

When have is a main verb, it carries the meaning.

It can mean to possess , to eat or drink , to experience , or to do.

Look at these examples.

I have a beautiful dress.
We have long holidays in China.
⚠️ Don't say a long holidays . Holidays is plural, so no a.
He has a pretty girlfriend.
It has too many toys.
I had a dog when I was a child.

We also use have in many common phrases.

(Write on the board.)

have breakfast / lunch / dinner

have a shower

have a rest

have a look

have a try

have a good time

And we use have to / has to / had to to mean must.

I have to go.
She has to study.
We had to wait.

So as a main verb, have has real meaning.

3. Auxiliary Verb: Have + Past Participle (2 minutes)

Teacher:

Now, have can also be an auxiliary verb.

That means it helps another verb form a perfect tense.

The structure is:

have / has / had + past participle

Look at these examples.

I have eaten my dinner.
She has finished her homework.
They had played with toys before dinner.
I had eaten before he arrived.

Here, have / has / had do not mean "拥有". They just help the main verb.

The main verb is eaten, finished, played, eaten.

Let's look at the perfect tenses.

(Write on the board.)

Tense	Structure	Example
Present Perfect	have/has + p.p.	I have finished.
Past Perfect	had + p.p.	She had left before I came.
Future Perfect	will have + p.p.	They will have arrived by 8.
Present Perfect Continuous	have/has been + V-ing	He has been working all day.
Past Perfect Continuous	had been + V-ing	I had been waiting for an hour.

So remember: as an auxiliary, have is followed by the past participle.

4. Questions and Negatives (1.5 minutes)

Teacher:

Now, how do we make questions and negatives with have?

It depends on whether have is a main verb or an auxiliary verb.

When have is a main verb (possession)

In British English, we often use have got .

In American and general English, we use do / does / did.

Do you have a pen? / Have you got a pen?
I don't have a pen. / I haven't got a pen.
Did you have a car?
She doesn't have a car. / She hasn't got a car.

When have is an auxiliary verb (perfect tenses)

We do not use do/does/did. We simply invert or add not.

Have you finished ? / I haven't finished.
Had they left ? / They hadn't left.

So: main verb → use have got or do/does/did. Auxiliary verb → no do.

5. Common Mistakes (1.5 minutes)

Teacher:

Let's correct some common mistakes. Please listen and repeat the correct version.

(Write on the board, one by one.)

He have a car. → He has a car.
I has a dream. → I have a dream.
Did you had ? → Did you have?
I have went . → I have gone.
I had ate . → I had eaten.
We have a long holidays . → We have long holidays.
She hasn't a car. → She doesn't have a car. / She hasn't got a car.

Remember: after did , use the base form. After have/has/had as auxiliary, use the past participle.

6. Pronunciation and Linking (1 minute)

Teacher:

Let's practice pronunciation.

In fast speech, have, has, had are often weak.

(Write on the board.)

Word	Strong	Weak
have	/hæv/	/həv/
has	/hæz/	/həz/
had	/hæd/	/həd/

And we link them to the next word.

have a → /hævə/ or /həvə/
has a → /hæzə/
had a → /hædə/
Have you → /hæv juː/ or /həv juː/
Has he → /hæz hiː/
Had they → /hæd ðeɪ/

Repeat after me: Have you finished? Has he gone? Had they left?

(Students repeat.)

7. Summary and Homework (30 seconds)

Teacher:

Let's summarise.

Have / has / had can be a main verb meaning possess, eat, experience, or do.

They can also be an auxiliary verb used to form perfect tenses.

As an auxiliary, they are followed by the past participle .

As a main verb, British questions and negatives can use have got or do/does/did.

Your homework:

Write five sentences using have , has , or had .

Use at least one as a main verb, one as an auxiliary verb, one question, and one negative.

That's all for today. Thank you, everyone. See you next class!

End of Teacher's Script

📘 HAVE --- have / has / had 一页 A4 笔记

可打印 / 抄写 · 英音 · 核心规则 + 常见错误

1️⃣ 基本形式 Basic Forms

形式	用于	时态	例子
have /hæv/	I, you, we, they	现在	I have a dress.
has /hæz/	he, she, it, 单数名词	现在	She has a red car.
had /hæd/	所有人称	过去	I had a dog.
having /ˈhævɪŋ/	进行时	---	She is having lunch.

2️⃣ 两种身份 Two Roles

A. 实义动词 Main Verb

意思：拥有、吃/喝、经历、做。

I have a beautiful dress. 我有一条漂亮裙子。
We have long holidays in China. 在中国我们有长假。
⚠️ 不说 a long holidays。
He has a pretty girlfriend. 他有个漂亮女友。
It has too many toys. 它有太多玩具。
I had a dog when I was a child. 我小时候养过狗。

常见搭配：

have breakfast / lunch / dinner；have a shower；have a rest；have a look；have a try；have a good time。

have to / has to / had to = 必须：I have to go. She has to study. We had to wait.

B. 助动词 Auxiliary Verb

结构：have / has / had + 过去分词。

I have eaten my dinner. 我已吃晚饭。
She has finished her homework. 她已完成作业。
They had played with toys before dinner. 晚饭前他们玩了玩具。
I had eaten before he arrived. 他到之前我已吃。

3️⃣ 完成时态 Perfect Tenses

时态	结构	例子
现在完成	have/has + p.p.	I have finished.
过去完成	had + p.p.	She had left before I came.
将来完成	will have + p.p.	They will have arrived by 8.
现在完成进行	have/has been + V-ing	He has been working all day.
过去完成进行	had been + V-ing	I had been waiting for an hour.

4️⃣ 疑问句与否定句 Questions & Negatives

实义动词（拥有）

英式：have got ；美式/通用：do / does / did

Do you have a pen? / Have you got a pen?
I don't have a pen. / I haven't got a pen.
Did you have a car?
She doesn't have a car. / She hasn't got a car.

助动词（完成时）不用 do

Have you finished ? / I haven't finished.
Had they left ? / They hadn't left.

5️⃣ 常见错误 Common Mistakes

错误	正确	原因
He have a car.	He has a car.	三单用 has
I has a dream.	I have a dream.	I 用 have
Did you had?	Did you have?	did 后用原形
I have went.	I have gone.	完成时用过去分词
I had ate.	I had eaten.	过去完成用过去分词
We have a long holidays.	We have long holidays.	holidays 复数不加 a
She hasn't a car.	She doesn't have a car. / She hasn't got a car.	英式否定加 got 或 do

6️⃣ 发音与连读 Pronunciation & Linking (British English)

单词	强读	弱读
have	/hæv/	/həv/
has	/hæz/	/həz/
had	/hæd/	/həd/
haven't	/ˈhævnt/	---
hasn't	/ˈhæznt/	---
hadn't	/ˈhædnt/	---

连读：

have a → /hævə/ 或 /həvə/
has a → /hæzə/
had a → /hædə/
Have you → /hæv juː/ 或 /həv juː/
Has he → /hæz hiː/
Had they → /hæd ðeɪ/

✅ 一句话总结

Have / has / had 既可作实义动词（拥有、吃、经历），也可作助动词（构成完成时）。作助动词时后跟过去分词；作实义动词时，英式疑问否定可用 have got 或 do/does/did。

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