文章目录
- 1.postgresql与日志有关的参数
- 2.开启日志
- 3.指定日志目录
- 4.設置文件名format
- 5.設置日志文件產出模式
- 6.設置日志记录格式
- 7.日誌輪換
-
- 7.1非截斷式輪換
- [7.2 截斷式輪換](#7.2 截斷式輪換)
- 8.日誌記錄內容
-
- [8.1 log_statement](#8.1 log_statement)
- [8.2 log_min_duration_statement](#8.2 log_min_duration_statement)
- [9 輸出範本](#9 輸出範本)
1.postgresql与日志有关的参数
bash
postgres=#select name,setting,unit,context from pg_settings where name like 'log_%';
name | setting | unit | context
-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+------+-------------------
log_autovacuum_min_duration | 60000 | ms | sighup
log_checkpoints | on | | sighup
log_connections | off | | superuser-backend
log_destination | csvlog | | sighup
log_directory | /data/pg_log | | sighup
log_disconnections | off | | superuser-backend
log_duration | off | | superuser
log_error_verbosity | default | | superuser
log_executor_stats | off | | superuser
log_file_mode | 0600 | | sighup
log_filename | postgresql_log.%a | | sighup
log_hostname | off | | sighup
log_line_prefix | %t [%p] [%l-1] user=%u db=%d app=%a client=%h | | sighup
log_lock_waits | on | | superuser
log_min_duration_statement | 60000 | ms | superuser
log_min_error_statement | error | | superuser
log_min_messages | warning | | superuser
log_parser_stats | off | | superuser
log_planner_stats | off | | superuser
log_replication_commands | off | | superuser
log_rotation_age | 1440 | min | sighup
log_rotation_size | 10240 | kB | sighup
log_statement | none | | superuser
log_statement_stats | off | | superuser
log_temp_files | 0 | kB | superuser
log_timezone | Asia/Jakarta | | sighup
log_truncate_on_rotation | on | | sighup
logging_collector | on | | postmaster2.开启日志
bash
name | setting | unit | context
-------------------+---------+------+------------
logging_collector | on | | postmaster3.指定日志目录
bash
name | setting | unit | context
---------------+--------------+------+---------
log_directory | /data/pg_log | | sighup4.設置文件名format
bash
name | setting | unit | context
--------------+--------------------------------+------+---------
log_filename | postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log | | sighup5.設置日志文件產出模式
可選模式：
1.syslog
2.csvlog
3.sterr
bash
name | setting | unit | context
-----------------+---------+------+---------
log_destination | csvlog | | sighup6.設置日志记录格式
bash
name | setting | unit | context
-----------------+-----------------------------------------------+------+---------
log_line_prefix | %t [%p] [%l-1] user=%u db=%d app=%a client=%h | | sighup參數說明(此部分在postgresql.conf文件中有詳細說明)，抄錄如下:
log_line_prefix = '%t [%p] [%l-1] user=%u db=%d app=%a client=%h'
special values:
%a = application name
%u = user name
%d = database name
%r = remote host and port
%h = remote host
%p = process ID
%t = timestamp without milliseconds
%m = timestamp with milliseconds
%n = timestamp with milliseconds (as a Unix epoch)
%i = command tag
%e = SQL state
%c = session ID
%l = session line number
%s = session start timestamp
%v = virtual transaction ID
%x = transaction ID (0 if none)
%q = stop here in non-session processes
%% = '%'
e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
7.日誌輪換
7.1非截斷式輪換
bash
name | setting | unit | context
--------------------------+---------+------+---------
log_rotation_age | 1440 | min | sighup
log_rotation_size | 10240 | kB | sighup
log_truncate_on_rotation | off | | sighup以上設置，基本策略將是假如log time>=1440分鐘 or log size>=10240kb,當logfile.log_truncate_on_rotation = off 將會按照
步驟4與步驟5中log_filename雨log_destination中設定的format產生新的logfile，不會覆蓋舊的日誌，隨著時間推移，將會有撐滿disk空間的風險，因此需要定時手工或設定排程刪除舊的日誌文件
輸出範本如下：
bash
postgres@PCNIY-PROD01:/data/pg_log$ ls -alh|sort -k 9
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 11M Jul 31 23:22 postgresql-2023-07-31_204013.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 11M Aug 1 02:03 postgresql-2023-07-31_232213.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 11M Aug 1 04:35 postgresql-2023-08-01_020327.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 11M Aug 1 07:08 postgresql-2023-08-01_043532.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 10M Aug 1 08:54 postgresql-2023-08-01_070832.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 11M Aug 1 10:25 postgresql-2023-08-01_085407.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 2.4M Aug 1 10:47 postgresql-2023-08-01_102541.csv7.2 截斷式輪換
如果logfile.log_truncate_on_rotation = on，則會覆蓋原來的日誌。
同時也需要注意該參數只是針對時間到期的切換，如果是因為大小或者系統重啟發生切換時，並不會覆蓋已有的檔。
bash
log_truncate_on_rotation = on # If on, an existing log file with the
# same name as the new log file will be
# truncated rather than appended to.
# But such truncation only occurs on
# time-driven rotation, not on restarts
# or size-driven rotation. Default is
# off, meaning append to existing files
# in all cases.設置為ON後，結合log_filename設置，可以實現以周為單位的輪轉
bash
name | setting | unit | context
--------------+-------------------+------+---------
log_filename | postgresql_log.%a | | sighup輸出將是如下：
bash
postgres@pgd-prod01:/data/pg_log$ ls -alh|grep csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 18M Jul 28 23:59 postgresql_log.Fri.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 12M Jul 31 23:58 postgresql_log.Mon.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 366K Jul 29 23:57 postgresql_log.Sat.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 319K Jul 30 23:57 postgresql_log.Sun.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 19M Jul 27 23:56 postgresql_log.Thu.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 10M Aug 1 10:56 postgresql_log.Tue.csv
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 15M Jul 26 23:56 postgresql_log.Wed.csv8.日誌記錄內容
8.1 log_statement
可選的選項:none, ddl, mod, all
bash
name | setting | unit | context
---------------------+---------+------+-----------
log_statement | ddl | | superuser8.2 log_min_duration_statement
此選項需要注意時間設置，單為為millisecond,設定值太小將會產生過多的log,設置太大又有漏掉低效率的sql的可能
bash
name | setting | unit | context
----------------------------+---------+------+-----------
log_min_duration_statement | 60000 | ms | superuser9 輸出範本
以上步驟產生輸出範本如下：
bash
2023-08-01 11:29:26.505 WIB,"wmspci_app","pccwms502Zdb",73203,"172.19.2.74:35852",
64c88352.11df3,1,"SELECT",2023-08-01 11:00:18 WIB,54/7075354,845858776,LOG,00000,
"duration: 1746278.542 ms execute <unnamed>:
select * from pro_sap_to_bom_part($1,$2,$3) as result",
"parameters: $1 = '30', $2 = '', $3 = ''",,,,,,,,""