核心思想
- 抽取共同的行为,允许使用者指定复杂对象的类型和内容,不需要了解内部的构建细节
- 使用多个简单的行为构建一个复杂的对象,将对象的构建过程和它的表示分离,同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示
优缺点
优点
- 使用者不需要知道具体内部组成细节,产品本身与创建过程解耦
- 具体建造者每个都是独立的,相互无关,不同的是控制产品的创建过程
- 新增具体建造者不需要修改原来类的代码
缺点
- 建造者所创建的产品一般要具有比较多的共同点,差异大的话不建议使用
代码示例
指挥者代码
java
/**
* 指挥者
*/
public class Director {
/**
* 构建对象
* @param builder
* @return
*/
public Computer createComputer(Builder builder){
builder.buildMemory();
builder.buildCpu();
builder.buildMainboard();
builder.buildDisk();
builder.buildPower();
return builder.getComputer();
}
}
抽象建造者
java
/**
* 建造者的公共方法
*/
public interface Builder {
/**
*方法
*/
void buildCpu();
void buildMainboard();
void buildDisk();
void buildPower();
void buildMemory();
Computer getComputer();
}
具体建造者
java
public class HighComputerBuilder implements Builder{
private Computer computer = new Computer();
@Override
public void buildCpu() {
computer.setCpu("高配 CPU");
}
@Override
public void buildMainboard() {
computer.setMainboard("高配 主板");
}
@Override
public void buildDisk() {
computer.setDisk("高配 磁盘");
}
@Override
public void buildPower() {
computer.setPower("高配 电源");
}
@Override
public void buildMemory() {
computer.setMemory("高配 内存");
}
@Override
public Computer getComputer() {
return computer;
}
}
java
public class LowComputerBuilder implements Builder{
private Computer computer = new Computer();
@Override
public void buildCpu() {
computer.setCpu("低配 CPU");
}
@Override
public void buildMainboard() {
computer.setMainboard("低配 主板");
}
@Override
public void buildDisk() {
computer.setDisk("低配 磁盘");
}
@Override
public void buildPower() {
computer.setPower("低配 电源");
}
@Override
public void buildMemory() {
computer.setMemory("低配 内存");
}
@Override
public Computer getComputer() {
return computer;
}
}
产品
java
public class Computer {
private String cpu;
private String memory;
private String mainboard;
private String disk;
private String power;
public String getCpu() {
return cpu;
}
public void setCpu(String cpu) {
this.cpu = cpu;
}
public String getMemory() {
return memory;
}
public void setMemory(String memory) {
this.memory = memory;
}
public String getMainboard() {
return mainboard;
}
public void setMainboard(String mainboard) {
this.mainboard = mainboard;
}
public String getDisk() {
return disk;
}
public void setDisk(String disk) {
this.disk = disk;
}
public String getPower() {
return power;
}
public void setPower(String power) {
this.power = power;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Computer{" +
"cpu='" + cpu + '\'' +
", memory='" + memory + '\'' +
", mainboard='" + mainboard + '\'' +
", disk='" + disk + '\'' +
", power='" + power + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
测试
java
public class AppRun {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Director director = new Director();
Computer computer = director.createComputer(new HighComputerBuilder());
System.out.println(computer);
}
}
java
public class AppRun {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Director director = new Director();
Computer computer = director.createComputer(new LowComputerBuilder());
System.out.println(computer);
}
}