目录
二.基于MySQL一主两从配置，使用Mycat2完成MySQL读写分离配置
一.完成MySQL主从同步（一主两从）
1.主库配置
启用二进制日志
选择一个唯一的server-id
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin = mysql-bin
server_id = 3
2.建立同步账号
mysql8.0 [(none)]>grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'%' identified by '030118';
3.锁表设置只读
为后面备份准备，注意生产环境要提前申请停机时间；
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
4.备份数据库数据
[root@master ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p030118 --set-gtid-purged=OFF -B chap03 friend school > /server/backup/db.sql
5.主库备份数据上传到从库
[root@master ~]# scp /server/backup/db.sql 192.168.140.134:/tmp
[root@master ~]# scp /server/backup/db.sql 192.168.140.135:/tmp
6.从库上还原备份
mysql -uroot -p030118 < /tmp/db.sql
7.解锁
mysql> unlock tables;
8.从库上设定主从同步
在主库上查看从库同步所需参数
两个从服务器上操作一样
mysql8.0 [(none)]>change master to
-> master_host="192.168.140.133",
-> master_user="rep",
-> master_password="030118",
-> master_log_file="mysql-bin.000006",
-> master_log_pos=1412;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
9.启动从库同步开关
mysql> start slave;
10.检查状态
mysql> show slave status\G
看到两个yes代表同步成功
测试主从同步
主库
从库
二.基于MySQL一主两从配置，使用Mycat2完成MySQL读写分离配置
1.在docker上启动一个3306的MySQL
[root@master ~]# docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --lower_case_table_names=1
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8bcbe566742f mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint..." 7 seconds ago Up 6 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
2.配置Mycat物理库地址
在启动之前我们要配置物理库的地址，要不然MyCAT启动就会报错。
配置文件位置: mycat/conf/datasources/prototypeDs.datasource.json
[root@master ~]# vim /data/mycat/conf/datasources/prototypeDs.datasource.json
{
"dbType":"mysql",
"idleTimeout":60000,
"initSqls":[],
"initSqlsGetConnection":true,
"instanceType":"READ_WRITE",
"maxCon":1000,
"maxConnectTimeout":3000,
"maxRetryCount":5,
"minCon":1,
"name":"prototypeDs",
"password":"123456",
"type":"JDBC",
"url":"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=UTF-8",
"user":"root",
"weight":0
}
3.启动MyCAT
[root@master bin]# cd /data/mycat/bin/
[root@master bin]# ./mycat start
Starting mycat2...
[root@master bin]# ./mycat status
mycat2 is running (19357).
4.使用可视化工具连接mycat
5.创建数据源
-----------------------------主机-----------------------------------
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{
"dbType":"mysql",
"idleTimeout":60000,
"initSqls":[],
"initSqlsGetConnection":true,
"instanceType":"READ_WRITE",
"logAbandoned":true,
"maxCon":1000,
"maxConnectTimeout":3000,
"maxRetryCount":5,
"minCon":1,
"name":"m1",
"password":"030118",
"queryTimeout":0,
"removeAbandoned":false,
"removeAbandonedTimeoutSecond":180,
"type":"JDBC",
"url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.140.133:3306/db1?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true",
"user":"root",
"weight":0
}*/;
--------------------------从机-----------------------------------
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{
"dbType":"mysql",
"idleTimeout":60000,
"initSqls":[],
"initSqlsGetConnection":true,
"instanceType":"READ",
"logAbandoned":true,
"maxCon":1000,
"maxConnectTimeout":3000,
"maxRetryCount":5,
"minCon":1,
"name":"m1s1",
"password":"030118",
"queryTimeout":0,
"removeAbandoned":false,
"removeAbandonedTimeoutSecond":180,
"type":"JDBC",
"url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.140.134:3306/db1?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true",
"user":"root",
"weight":0
}*/;
----------------------------从机----------------------------------------------
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{
"dbType":"mysql",
"idleTimeout":60000,
"initSqls":[],
"initSqlsGetConnection":true,
"instanceType":"READ",
"logAbandoned":true,
"maxCon":1000,
"maxConnectTimeout":3000,
"maxRetryCount":5,
"minCon":1,
"name":"m1s1",
"password":"030118",
"queryTimeout":0,
"removeAbandoned":false,
"removeAbandonedTimeoutSecond":180,
"type":"JDBC",
"url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.140.135:3306/db1?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true",
"user":"root",
"weight":0
}*/;
6.创建集群
/*! mycat:createCluster{
"clusterType":"MASTER_SLAVE",
"heartbeat":{
"heartbeatTimeout":1000,
"maxRetry":3,
"minSwitchTimeInterval":300,
"slaveThreshold":0
},
"masters":[
"m1"
],
"maxCon":2000,
"name":"prototype",
"readBalanceType":"BALANCE_ALL",
"replicas":[
"m1s1","m1s2"
],
"switchType":"SWITCH"
} */;
7.创建逻辑库
CREATE DATABASE db1 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
8.修改逻辑库的数据源
vim /data/mycat/conf/schemas/db1.schema.json
在里面添加 "targetName":"prototype",
[root@master mysqlms]# cat /data/mycat/conf/schemas/db1.schema.json
{
"customTables":{},
"globalTables":{},
"normalProcedures":{},
"normalTables":{},
"schemaName":"db1",
"shardingTables":{},
"targetName":"prototype",
"views":{}
}
9.测试读写分离是否成功(在MyCAT里面测试)
重启MyCAT：
[root@master mysqlms]# cd /data/mycat/bin/
[root@master bin]# ./mycat restart
在MyCAT里面创建一个sys_user表：
CREATE TABLE SYS_USER( ID BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, USERNAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
ADDRESS VARCHAR(500));
过注释生成物理库和物理表：
如果物理表不存在，在 MyCAT2 能正常启动的情况下，根据当前配置自动创建分片表，全局表和物理
表：
/*+ mycat:repairPhysicalTable{} */;
在MyCAT里面向sys_user表添加一条数据：
INSERT INTO SYS_USER(ID,USERNAME,ADDRESS) VALUES(1,"XIAOMING","WUHAN");
最后在m1,m1s1,m1s2上查看即可