WebSocket实现方式

zjx...2023-10-06 16:22

1.安装组件channels

pip install channels

2.注册app

python 复制代码

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'daphne',           #channels4.0以后要引入
    'channels',         # 即时通信
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config',
]

3.在setting中添加ASGI------APPLICATION

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'MyBlog.wsgi.application'
ASGI_APPLICATION = 'MyBlog.wsgi.application'

4.在app01中创建consumers.py文件

pyhton 复制代码

from channels.exceptions import StopConsumer
from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer


class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):
    def websocket_connect(self, message):
        # 有客户端向后端发送websocket请求时自动触发
        # 服务端允许和客户端创建链接
        self.accept()

    def websocket_receive(self, message):
        # 浏览器基于websocket向后端发送数据，自动触发接受xi消息
        print(message)
        self.send("不要回复！")
    def websocket_disconnect(self, message):
        # 客户端与服务端断开连接时自动触发
        print("断开连接！")
        raise StopConsumer()

5.在setting.py同级目录中创建routing.py文件

python 复制代码

from django.urls import re_path

from app01 import consumers

websocket_urlpatterns = [
    re_path(r'ws/(?P<group>\w+)/$', consumers.ChatConsumer.as_asgi()),
]

6.修改asgi.py文件

python 复制代码

import os

from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application

from MyBlog import routing

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'MyBlog.settings')

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
   "http": get_asgi_application(),  # 找urls.py 找视图函数
   "websocket": URLRouter(routing.websocket_urlpatterns)  # 找routing（urls）  consumers（views）
})