题目及视图：
实验要求：
1.R5为ISP，只能进行IP地址配置，其所有地址均配为公有IP地址
2.R1和R5间使用PPP的PAP认证，R5为主认证
R2与R5之间使用ppp的CHAP认证，R5为主认证方
R3与R5之间使用HDLC封装
3.R1.R2、R3构建一个MGRE环境，R1为中心站点，R1、R4间为点到点的GRE
4.R1整个私有网络基本RIP全网可达
5.所有Pc设置私有IP为源IP，可以访问R5环回。
实验步骤：
第一步：设计思路：
-
由（1）知：R5 为ISP则在地址规划时，应注意公私网的区分。
第二步：搭建拓扑及IP地址的规划
IP地址的规划：
路由器IP地址如拓扑图中所示。
PC地址规划如下:
|-----|----------------|----|----------------|
| PC1 | 192.168.1.2/24 | 网关 | 192.168.1.1/24 |
| PC2 | 192.168.2.2/24 | 网关 | 192.168.2.1/24 |
| PC3 | 192.168.3.2/24 | 网关 | 192.168.3.1/24 |
| PC4 | 192.168.4.2/24 | 网关 | 192.168.4.1/24 |
第三步：配置命令
1. IP地址配置
配置R1：
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sy R1
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s 4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/0]ip add 15.1.1.1 24配置R2：
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sy R2
[R2]INT G 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 192.168.2.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]INT s 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]ip add 25.1.1.1 24配置R3：
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sy R3
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 35.1.1.1 24配置R4：
<Huawei>sy
[Huawei]sy R4
[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.1 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.4.1 24配置R5：
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sy R5
[R5]INT S 3/0/0
[R5-Serial3/0/0]IP ADD 15.1.1.2 24
[R5-Serial3/0/0]int s 3/0/1
[R5-Serial3/0/1]ip add 25.1.1.2 24
[R5-Serial3/0/1]int s 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 35.1.1.2 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.2 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]int l 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 242.缺省路由配置
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 15.1.1.2
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 25.1.1.2
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 35.1.1.2
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.23.NAT配置
配置R1：
[R1]acl 2000
[R1-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R1]INT S 4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000配置R2：
[R2]ACL 2000
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R2-acl-basic-2000]q
[R2]int s 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000配置R3：
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R3-acl-basic-2000]q
[R3]int s 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000配置R4：
[R4]acl 2000
[R4-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R4-acl-basic-2000]q
[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 20004. 配置PAP认证
认证方配置
[R5]aaa # 进入aaa模式
[R5-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher 123456 # 创建认证端账户huawei，密码为123456
[R5-aaa]local-user huawei service-type ppp # 此账户只允许被ppp协议使用
[R5]int s 3/0/0
[R5-Serial3/0/0]ppp authentication-mode pap # 启用ppp协议中的chap协议认证
[R5-Serial3/0/0]link-protocol ppp # 串口接口使用ppp协议被认证方配置
R1配置
[R1]int s 4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol ppp # 串口接口使用PPP协议
[R1-Serial4/0/0]ppp pap local-user huawei password cipher 123456
# 输入认证端账户密码5. 配置CHAP认证
认证方配置
[R5]aaa
[R5-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher 123456
[R5-aaa]local-user huawie service-type ppp
[R5-aaa]q
[R5]int s 3/0/1
[R5-Serial3/0/1]link-protocol ppp
[R5-Serial3/0/1]ppp authentication-mode chap
[R5-Serial3/0/1]被认证方配置
[R2]int s 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap user huawie
[R2-Serial4/0/0]ppp chap password cipher 1234566. HDLC封装
[R5]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol hdlc
[R3]int Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol hdlc 7. R1R2R3构建MGRE环境
中心站点R1配置：
R1\]display nhrp peer all 查看nhrp注册情况
[R1]int Tunnel 0/0/0 # 创建隧道口
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.1 24 # 为隧道配置IP地址
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp # 修改接口模式为多点GRE模式
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 15.1.1.1 # 定义公有封装源
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100 # 创建域ID 分支占点
R2配置
[R2]int t 0/0/0
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.2 24
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]source S4/0/0 # 假设分支站点的IP地址是不固定的
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.1 15.1.1.1 register # 分支需要到中心站点注册
# 隧道地址 物理地址 注册
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100R3配置
[R3]int t 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source s 4/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 10.1.1.1 15.1.1.1 register
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 1008. 配置GRE
R1配置
[R1]int t 0/0/1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip add 2.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 15.1.1.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 45.1.1.1R4配置
[R4]int t 0/0/1
[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]ip add 20.1.1.2 24
[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre
[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]source 45.1.1.1
[R4-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 15.1.1.19. 配置RIP路由
MGRE环境下RIP路由配置
R1配置
[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]version 2
[R1-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
[R1-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0注意：MGRE环境下RIP需要开启伪⼴播和关闭⽔平分割
[R1]int t 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic #开启伪广播域
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon #关闭水平分割R2配置
[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]version 2
[R2-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[R2-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0R3配置
[R3]rip 1
[R3-rip-1]version 2
[R3-rip-1]network 192.168.3.0
[R3-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0GRE环境下RIP路由配置
R1配置
[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]version 2
[R1-rip-1]network 20.0.0.0R4配置
[R4]rip 1
[R4-rip-1]version 2
[R4-rip-1]network 20.0.0.0
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.4.010. 测试
测试一：用设备PC1去pingPC4
PC>ping 192.168.4.2
Ping 192.168.4.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=31 ms
From 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=31 ms
From 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=31 ms
From 192.168.4.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=32 ms
--- 192.168.4.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/31/32 ms测试二：用设备PC1去pingPC2
PC>ping 192.168.3.2
Ping 192.168.3.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=31 ms
From 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=32 ms
From 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=31 ms
From 192.168.3.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=16 ms
--- 192.168.3.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/27/32 ms11.抓包
抓包测试一：抓PC4 的接口
抓包测试二：抓PC3 的接口
