mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
可以看出database和server都采用了latin1编码，不支持中文，我们需要把它修改为utf-8。
除了这两个，其它的如下
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\share\charsets\
设置mysql数据库编码
在mysql安装目录下，将 my-default.ini 复制一分保存为 my.ini
做如下修改
主要看红色框里的内容
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql.server]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld_safe]
default-character-set = utf8
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
然后删除你当前的mysql服务，再重新注册mysql服务
注：一定要以管理员的权限运行dos命令，且cd到mysql安装目录下的bin目录，再注册mysql服务
C:\Windows\system32>sc delete mysql
[SC] DeleteService 成功
C:\Windows\system32>e: cd
E:\>cd E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\bin
E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\bin>mysqld --install mysql --defaults-file="E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\my.ini"
The service already exists!
The current server installed: E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\bin\mysqld MySQL
E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\bin>net stop mysql
MySQL 服务正在停止..服务名无效。
请键入 NET HELPMSG 2185 以获得更多的帮助。
E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\bin>mysqld --install mysql --defaults-file="E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\my.ini"
Service successfully installed.
E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\bin>
结果
启动服务，查看编码
C:\Windows\System32>net start mysql
mysql 服务正在启动 .
mysql 服务已经启动成功。
C:\Windows\System32>mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | E:\0Develop\mysql-5.7.15-winx64\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
数据库实例编码设置
mysql> show create database test;
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| test | CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter database test default character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show create database test;
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| test | CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
//查看MySQL数据库服务器和数据库字符集 show variables like '%char%';
//查看表的字符集 show table status from mysql_db like '%tb_name%'
//查看表中所有列的字符集 show full columns from tb_name;
//查看mysql所支持的字符集 show charset;
==修改字符集==
//修改全局字符集
set character_set_connection=gb2312;
set character_set_database=gb2312;
set character_set_results=gb2312;
set character_set_server=gb2312;
set character_set_system=gb2312;
set collation_connection=gb2312;
set collation_database=gb2312;
set collation_server=gb2312;
//修改表的字符集 ALTER TABLE tb_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET gb2312;
//修改字段字符集 alter table tb_name modify column tb_column varchar(30) character set gb2312 not null;