ArcGIS10.x系列 Python工具箱教程
目录
[4. Python工具箱具体样例代码(DEM流域分析-河网等级矢量化)](#4. Python工具箱具体样例代码(DEM流域分析-河网等级矢量化))
1.前提
如果你想自己写Python工具箱,那么假定你已经会ArcPy,如果只是自己用,完全没有必要,直接脚本运行。如果是给其他人用,为了简洁明了,适用这里。Python工具箱10.2无法加密,但是工具箱+Script脚本是可以加密的。10.5以上Python工具箱可加密。
本文只介绍Python工具箱,对于工具箱+Script脚本不是特别推荐!
2.需要了解的资料
Python工具箱需要知道哪些内容?
[1]Python工具箱 代码模板 (可自己新建Python工具箱 编辑查看代码)
[2]Arcpy.Parameter(重要*****)
[3]Python工具箱 输入参数类型(data_type) (重要*****)
[5]定义 Python 工具箱中的参数 (重要*****)
3.Python工具箱制作教程
[1]新建python工具箱
[2]右击 新建的Python工具箱 编辑
[3] 随后txt打开了代码,复制所有代码到py文件中,我这里用的vscode连接arcgis python2.7
如上图所示,Python工具箱模板。需要关注的有上述箭头部分。
[4]待代码写完后,将代码复制到 "编辑" 的Python工具箱,然后另存为,选择编码格式"ANSI",替换!
小细节:
①Python工具箱不好调试,print无法输出信息,一般采用arcpy.AddMessage、arcpy.AddError输出信息;
②然后parameters[0].value .valueAsText这些都是arcpy.parameter的属性,查看我提供的Parameter官网介绍即可。
③注意中文格式,设置utf-8,另存ANSI格式。
④着重看给的 资料链接 [2]、[3]、[5] 官网说的很明白(中英文可切换),再结合我的样例代码,就很快理解了!
4. Python工具箱具体样例代码(DEM流域分析-河网等级矢量化)
python
# 设置中文环境 对于中文字符串 前面加u 打印时 需要在字符串后加 .decode('utf-8')
import sys
defalutencoding = 'utf-8'
if sys.getdefaultencoding() != defalutencoding:
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding(defalutencoding)
import os
import arcpy
from arcpy import env
from arcpy.sa import * #arcpy栅格计算的基本计算器,高级复杂的在arcpy.gp中
# 定义函数
def check_exists_and_delete(dataset_name):
# 前提已经设置了env.workspace, 检测存在即删除
if arcpy.Exists(dataset_name):
arcpy.Delete_management(dataset_name)
print(u'已删除:'+str(dataset_name))
return
return
class Toolbox(object):
def __init__(self):
"""Define the toolbox (the name of the toolbox is the name of the
.pyt file)."""
self.label = "Python工具箱-流域分析"
self.alias = "Python工具箱-流域分析"
# List of tool classes associated with this toolbox
self.tools = [Tool]
class Tool(object):
def __init__(self):
"""Define the tool (tool name is the name of the class)."""
self.label = "流域分析"
self.description = "流域分析要求数据在gdb中操作!只需导入DEM,即可完成填洼-流向-流量-河网-河网分级-分级矢量化。依次生成的结果名称为输入DEM名称+_填洼"
self.canRunInBackground = False
def getParameterInfo(self):
"""Define parameter definitions"""
param_gdb = arcpy.Parameter(
displayName = "请输入工作空间(GDB):",
name = "in_workspace",
datatype = "DEWorkspace",
parameterType = "Required",
direction="Input"
)
param_gdb.value = env.workspace
param_dem = arcpy.Parameter(
displayName="请输入或选择DEM图层:",
name="in_dem",
datatype="GPRasterLayer", # , "DERasterDataset", "GPRasterDataLayer"
parameterType="Required",
direction="Input",
)
param_threshold = arcpy.Parameter(
displayName="请输入河网分级整型阈值(大于):",
name="in_threshold",
datatype="GPLong",
parameterType="Required",
direction="Input",
)
param_threshold.value = 1000
params = [param_gdb, param_dem, param_threshold]
return params
def isLicensed(self):
"""Set whether tool is licensed to execute."""
return True
def updateParameters(self, parameters):
"""Modify the values and properties of parameters before internal
validation is performed. This method is called whenever a parameter
has been changed."""
return
def updateMessages(self, parameters):
"""Modify the messages created by internal validation for each tool
parameter. This method is called after internal validation."""
return
def execute(self, parameters, messages):
arcpy.CheckOutExtension("Spatial") # 必须执行,否则默认不打开??
env.workspace = parameters[0].valueAsText
# 相关操作在 系统工具箱->Spatial Analyst Tools->水文分析or地图代数
# 2.DEM填洼
DEM_Name = os.path.basename(parameters[1].valueAsText) # 3-需要修改成自己的DEM名称
arcpy.AddMessage(u"正在处理DEM图层:" + DEM_Name)
DEM_TianWa_Name = DEM_Name + u"_填洼" # 注意 不能有- 可以是_
outFill = Fill(DEM_Name)
check_exists_and_delete(DEM_TianWa_Name)
outFill.save(DEM_TianWa_Name)
print(u"完成填洼".decode('utf-8'))
arcpy.AddMessage(u"完成填洼")
# 3.DEM流向 根据填洼结果 来计算
DEM_LiuXiang_Name = DEM_Name + u"_流向"
outFlowDirection = FlowDirection(DEM_TianWa_Name)
check_exists_and_delete(DEM_LiuXiang_Name)
outFlowDirection.save(DEM_LiuXiang_Name)
print(u"完成流向".decode('utf-8'))
arcpy.AddMessage(u"完成流向")
# 4.DEM流量 根据流向结果 来计算
DEM_LiuLiang_Name = DEM_Name + u"_流量"
outFlowAccumulation = FlowAccumulation(DEM_LiuXiang_Name)
check_exists_and_delete(DEM_LiuLiang_Name)
outFlowAccumulation.save(DEM_LiuLiang_Name)
print(u"完成流量".decode('utf-8'))
arcpy.AddMessage(u"完成流量")
# 5.DEM河网 根据流量 来计算 (arcpy脚本不允许使用RasterCalculator)
DEM_HeWang_Name = DEM_Name + u"_河网"
threshold = parameters[2].value # 4-需要修改成自己的流量阈值
raster = DEM_LiuLiang_Name
out_A_Calculator = Con(Raster(raster) > threshold, 1)
check_exists_and_delete(DEM_HeWang_Name)
out_A_Calculator.save(DEM_HeWang_Name)
print(u"完成河网".decode('utf-8'))
arcpy.AddMessage(u"完成河网")
# 6.DEM河网分级 根据河网 流向结果 来计算
DEM_HeWang_FenJi_Name = DEM_Name + u"_河网分级"
outStreamOrder = StreamOrder(DEM_HeWang_Name, DEM_LiuXiang_Name, "STRAHLER") # STRAHLER分级方法 更合适
check_exists_and_delete(DEM_HeWang_FenJi_Name)
outStreamOrder.save(DEM_HeWang_FenJi_Name)
print(u"完成河网分级".decode('utf-8'))
arcpy.AddMessage(u"完成河网分级")
# 6.1 DEM河网分级后栅格结果 矢量化
DEM_HeWang_FenJi_SHP_Name = DEM_Name + u"_河网分级矢量"
check_exists_and_delete(DEM_HeWang_FenJi_SHP_Name)
StreamToFeature(DEM_HeWang_FenJi_Name, DEM_LiuXiang_Name, DEM_HeWang_FenJi_SHP_Name, "NO_SIMPLIFY")
print(u"完成河网分级矢量化".decode('utf-8'))
arcpy.AddMessage(u"完成河网分级矢量化")
return