mongodb 安装

mongodb 安装

作为一个前端开发，操作数据库太过困难了，而 mongo 的操作语法就是 json，对前端非常友好，对于我这种技术水平，肯定是非常合适的。

至于 mongo 是 NoSQL(not only sql)等优点就不多做介绍了，可以今天记录一下安装 mongo 的过程和遇到的一些问题。

先去官网下载：https://www.mongodb.com/

选择社区版，具体哪个版本是最稳定，用的最多的，还真是不清楚，稳一点就选择 4.x，因为公司就在用这个版本，我直接选择最新的：

安装的时候就只需要注意几点，一个是 custom，自定义安装路径，另一个是 data directory 和 log directory，这两个是数据库的存放路径和 log 路径：

安装成功之后，浏览器访问http://localhost:27017

如果有输出:

It looks like you are trying to access MongoDB over HTTP on the native driver port.

那就是安装成功了，我选的是 7.0，默认安装了 mongodb compass，其它版本好像是可以选择是否安装，不勾选就不会（不知道是不是我没注意），mongodb compass 是一个可视化工具，也可以下载 mongo 那边的 tools 单独下载。

当我安装成功之后，命令行运行 mongo 会报错命令不存在，运行 mongod 会有一堆报错：

{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:18.849+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":4915701, "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Initialized wire specification","attr":{"spec":{"incomingExternalClient":{"minWireVersion":0,"maxWireVersion":21},"incomingInternalClient":{"minWireVersion":0,"maxWireVersion":21},"outgoing":{"minWireVersion":6,"maxWireVersion":21},"isInternalClient":true}}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.307+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":23285,   "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Automatically disabling TLS 1.0, to force-enable TLS 1.0 specify --sslDisabledProtocols 'none'"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.307+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":4648602, "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Implicit TCP FastOpen in use."}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.310+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"REPL",     "id":5123008, "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Successfully registered PrimaryOnlyService","attr":{"service":"TenantMigrationDonorService","namespace":"config.tenantMigrationDonors"}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.310+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"REPL",     "id":5123008, "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Successfully registered PrimaryOnlyService","attr":{"service":"TenantMigrationRecipientService","namespace":"config.tenantMigrationRecipients"}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.310+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":5945603, "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Multi threading initialized"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.310+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"TENANT_M", "id":7091600, "ctx":"thread1","msg":"Starting TenantMigrationAccessBlockerRegistry"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.311+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4615611, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"MongoDB starting","attr":{"pid":3772,"port":27017,"dbPath":"C:/data/db/","architecture":"64-bit","host":"Wade"}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.311+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":23398,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Target operating system minimum version","attr":{"targetMinOS":"Windows 7/Windows Server 2008 R2"}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.311+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":23403,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Build Info","attr":{"buildInfo":{"version":"7.0.4","gitVersion":"38f3e37057a43d2e9f41a39142681a76062d582e","modules":[],"allocator":"tcmalloc","environment":{"distmod":"windows","distarch":"x86_64","target_arch":"x86_64"}}}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.311+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":51765,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Operating System","attr":{"os":{"name":"Microsoft Windows 10","version":"10.0 (build 22621)"}}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.311+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":21951,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Options set by command line","attr":{"options":{}}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"E",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":20557,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"DBException in initAndListen, terminating","attr":{"error":"NonExistentPath: Data directory C:\\data\\db\\ not found. Create the missing directory or specify another path using (1) the --dbpath command line option, or (2) by adding the 'storage.dbPath' option in the configuration file."}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"REPL",     "id":4784900, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Stepping down the ReplicationCoordinator for shutdown","attr":{"waitTimeMillis":15000}}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"REPL",     "id":4794602, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Attempting to enter quiesce mode"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"-",        "id":6371601, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the FLE Crud thread pool"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"COMMAND",  "id":4784901, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the MirrorMaestro"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"SHARDING", "id":4784902, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the WaitForMajorityService"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":20562,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutdown: going to close listening sockets"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.312+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":4784905, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the global connection pool"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784906, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the FlowControlTicketholder"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"-",        "id":20520,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Stopping further Flow Control ticket acquisitions."}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":4784918, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the ReplicaSetMonitor"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"SHARDING", "id":4784921, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the MigrationUtilExecutor"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"ASIO",     "id":22582,   "ctx":"MigrationUtil-TaskExecutor","msg":"Killing all outstanding egress activity."}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"COMMAND",  "id":4784923, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the ServiceEntryPoint"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784928, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the TTL monitor"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":6278511, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down the Change Stream Expired Pre-images Remover"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":4784929, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Acquiring the global lock for shutdown"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"-",        "id":4784931, "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Dropping the scope cache for shutdown"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":20565,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Now exiting"}
{"t":{"$date":"2023-12-13T16:20:20.313+08:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":23138,   "ctx":"initandlisten","msg":"Shutting down","attr":{"exitCode":100}}

然后就说是 dbpath 没配置对：

{"error":"NonExistentPath: Data directory C:\\data\\db\\ not found. Create the missing directory or specify another path using (1) the --dbpath command line option, or (2) by adding the 'storage.dbPath' option in the configuration file."}}

但是 mongod.cfg 里面配置的是有的，就一顿折腾，各种指定 dbpath 和新建 data/db，和配置 mongod 系统路径，但是用浏览器看是启动了，可视化工具也能连接：

最后发现 MongoDB 是从 MongoDB 5.0 版本开始在命令行环境使用 mongosh 命令来控制和操作 MongoDB 的。是在这个地址找到的，提到了这一点，且，没有专门配置环境变量：
https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/zh/mongodb/product-overview/features-of-mongodb-5-0

在早期的 MongoDB 版本中，通常使用 mongo 或者 mongod 命令，所以在下载 mongo 的地方选择 tools,下载安装 mongosh：

admin/config/local 是默认就有的，每一个相当于 MySQL 的数据库，里面新建 Collection 相当于 MySQL 的表。

至此，mongodb 安装完成，就可以开始自己本地开始随便学习了。

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