Dockerfile - 基于 SpringBoot 项目自定义镜像（项目上线全过程）

陈亦康2024-01-04 5:04

目录

[一、Dockerfile 自定义项目镜像](#一、Dockerfile 自定义项目镜像)

[1.1、创建 SpringBoot 项目并编写](#1.1、创建 SpringBoot 项目并编写)

1.2、打包项目（jar）

[1.3、编写 Dockerfile 文件，构建镜像](#1.3、编写 Dockerfile 文件，构建镜像)

1.4、运行镜像并测试

一、Dockerfile 自定义项目镜像

1.1、创建 SpringBoot 项目并编写

a）简介：就是一个对 用户表 简单的增删改查的 SpringBoot 项目.

b）接口：采用 restful 风格

这里简单回顾以下 restful 风格接口规范

  • 原则: GET(查询)、POST(添加)、PUT(全字段更新)、PATCH(部分字段更新)、DELETE(删除）
  • 使用复数名词: user -> users、 car -> cars
  • 请求和响应指定: request: @RequestBody; response: @ResponseBody
  • 资源唯一标识需要通过路径传参，例如 id
java 复制代码 
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;



    @PutMapping("id")
    public String updateUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, @RequestBody User user) {
        user.setId(id);
        userService.update(user);
        return "ok";
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User getUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return userService.queryById(id);
    }

    @PostMapping
    public String addUser(@RequestBody User user) {
        userService.insert(user);
        return "ok";
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public String delUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        userService.deleteById(id);
        return "ok";
    }

    @GetMapping
    public List<User> getUserList() {
        return userService.queryAll();
    }

}

c）配置文件：我们重点关注 服务器端口号 和 mysql 连接 ip 地址

java 复制代码 
server:
  port: 8081

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/demo?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 1111
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    # 时间处理
  jackson:
    date-format: yyyy-MM-dd
    time-zone: GMT+8

  # mybatis xml save path
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

Ps：由于将来会将 springboot 项目和 mysql 配置到同一个自定义的 docker 网络下，因此 mysql 的 url 配置中的 ip 就使用容器名称即可.

1.2、打包项目（jar）

a）打包完毕后，根据以下目录找到包地址

或者在 target 的目录下也能看到

b）在云服务器上创建一个工作目录，用来存放 jar包 和 Dockerfile文件，将 jar 包从主机移到远端服务器.

java 复制代码 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# ls
ssm-docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# pwd
/root/cyk/apps
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]#

1.3、编写 Dockerfile 文件，构建镜像

a）选取 openjdk1.8 镜像作为根基（open 表示开源的意思）

在 dockerhub 官网搜索 openjdk，找到对应的版本

找到 8-jdk

可以看到有下载命令，将 openjdk:8-jdk 写到 FROM 后面，表示以此镜像为基础进行开发.

b）编写 Dockerfile 文件

java 复制代码 
FROM openjdk:8-jdk
ENV BASE_PATH=/cyk/apps
WORKDIR $BASE_PATH
# 将宿主机上的 ssm-docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 移动到 /cyk/apps 目录下并改名为 apps.jar
ADD ssm-docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar $BASE_PATH/apps.jar
EXPOSE 8081
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar"]
CMD ["apps.jar"]

c）将 Dockerfile 文件移动到云服务器的工作目录（ /cyk/apps ）

java 复制代码 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# ls
Dockerfile  ssm-docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# pwd
/root/cyk/apps
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]#

d）构建镜像

bash 复制代码 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# docker build -t app:1.0 .
[+] Building 46.7s (8/8) FINISHED                                                                                     docker:default
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                            0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 326B                                                                                            0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                               0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                 0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:8-jdk                                                               16.2s
 => [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:8-jdk@sha256:8a9d5c43f540e8d0c003c723a2c8bd20ae350a2efed6fb5719cae33b026f8e7c         30.0s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/openjdk:8-jdk@sha256:8a9d5c43f540e8d0c003c723a2c8bd20ae350a2efed6fb5719cae33b026f8e7c          0.0s
 => => sha256:e24ac15e052e04a3462ef4984b5d83214f7f65c06f54acd3745a1926e226be16 7.81kB / 7.81kB                                  0.0s
 => => sha256:9b829c73b52b92b97d5c07a54fb0f3e921995a296c714b53a32ae67d19231fcd 5.15MB / 5.15MB                                  0.9s
 => => sha256:cb5b7ae361722f070eca53f35823ed21baa85d61d5d95cd5a95ab53d740cdd56 10.87MB / 10.87MB                                0.7s
 => => sha256:8a9d5c43f540e8d0c003c723a2c8bd20ae350a2efed6fb5719cae33b026f8e7c 1.29kB / 1.29kB                                  0.0s
 => => sha256:9413213335131c4e06b21a8e379bd9b6a20afcd6b762540463d5f7c72942dcdd 1.79kB / 1.79kB                                  0.0s
 => => sha256:0e29546d541cdbd309281d21a73a9d1db78665c1b95b74f32b009e0b77a6e1e3 54.92MB / 54.92MB                               18.6s
 => => sha256:6494e4811622b31c027ccac322ca463937fd805f569a93e6f15c01aade718793 54.57MB / 54.57MB                               21.5s
 => => sha256:668f6fcc5fa5532a1dd793456f64daf954192e0521fd65d42af584d5e2d93f55 5.42MB / 5.42MB                                  1.3s
 => => sha256:c0879393b07ef5fa816c292b00e3eb4945890bc2a69ab0d1754240cbe9cedf21 212B / 212B                                      1.6s
 => => sha256:bef50c41a74d450f2d708be5971c3ba635ed1a714af7f4fa1497886adb2fa734 106.00MB / 106.00MB                             12.4s
 => => extracting sha256:0e29546d541cdbd309281d21a73a9d1db78665c1b95b74f32b009e0b77a6e1e3                                       3.1s
 => => extracting sha256:9b829c73b52b92b97d5c07a54fb0f3e921995a296c714b53a32ae67d19231fcd                                       0.3s
 => => extracting sha256:cb5b7ae361722f070eca53f35823ed21baa85d61d5d95cd5a95ab53d740cdd56                                       0.3s
 => => extracting sha256:6494e4811622b31c027ccac322ca463937fd805f569a93e6f15c01aade718793                                       3.2s
 => => extracting sha256:668f6fcc5fa5532a1dd793456f64daf954192e0521fd65d42af584d5e2d93f55                                       0.2s
 => => extracting sha256:c0879393b07ef5fa816c292b00e3eb4945890bc2a69ab0d1754240cbe9cedf21                                       0.0s
 => => extracting sha256:bef50c41a74d450f2d708be5971c3ba635ed1a714af7f4fa1497886adb2fa734                                       3.3s
 => [internal] load build context                                                                                               0.1s
 => => transferring context: 9.88kB                                                                                             0.0s
 => [2/3] WORKDIR /cyk/apps                                                                                                     0.2s
 => [3/3] ADD ssm-docker-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /cyk/apps/apps.jar                                                                  0.1s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                          0.1s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                         0.1s
 => => writing image sha256:89839bc7dd0c546892b523403eb18d8b3a5d84993c4be71a9dd4ca2875bd1e9d                                    0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/app:1.0                                                                                      0.0s
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# docker images
REPOSITORY                  TAG              IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
app                         1.0              89839bc7dd0c   28 seconds ago   526MB

1.4、运行镜像并测试

a）先自定义一个网桥，方便后续运行容器时直接加入到统一网络下.

java 复制代码 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# docker network create mynet
dd8d11bdbd1ff64905a877c350752521f8dc772480b0a9db378769d283a143ac
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME      DRIVER    SCOPE
f84ca6fc4b48   bridge    bridge    local
a1b8a8a8e372   host      host      local
dd8d11bdbd1f   mynet     bridge    local
38b4ab15453c   none      null      local

d）启动容器

启动 mysql：

bash 复制代码 
docker run -d --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -v mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=1111 --network mynet mysql:5.7

Ps：这里不要忘了准备 MySQL 的数据

启动 springboot 项目：

bash 复制代码 
docker run -d --name app -p 8081:8081 --network mynet app:1.0

检查启动日志：

bash 复制代码 
[root@VM-8-17-centos apps]# docker logs -f app

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v2.7.6)

2023-12-28 10:40:00.259  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.cyk.SsmDockerApplication             : Starting SsmDockerApplication using Java 1.8.0_312 on 4ecafb679d7f with PID 1 (/apps/apps.jar started by root in /apps)
2023-12-28 10:40:00.273  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.cyk.SsmDockerApplication             : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2023-12-28 10:40:02.271  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8081 (http)
2023-12-28 10:40:02.290  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2023-12-28 10:40:02.290  INFO 1 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.69]
2023-12-28 10:40:02.391  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2023-12-28 10:40:02.391  INFO 1 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1959 ms
Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl' adapter.
Parsed mapper file: 'class path resource [mapper/UserMapper.xml]'
2023-12-28 10:40:03.399  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.w.s.WelcomePageHandlerMapping    : Adding welcome page: class path resource [static/index.html]
2023-12-28 10:40:03.675  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8081 (http) with context path ''
2023-12-28 10:40:03.690  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.cyk.SsmDockerApplication             : Started SsmDockerApplication in 4.412 seconds (JVM running for 5.138)

**e）注意事项：**运行容器时，一旦出现以下情况

bash 复制代码 
no main manifest attribute, in apps.jar

一定要看一下 pom.xml 文件中是否存在 <skip>true<skip> 的配置，因为打包时他会跳过主类.

f）postman 测试接口

这里我为了防止黑客攻击，建立隧道和远端服务器连接，开放映射本地 9091 端口.

访问后，云服务器上检查日志，也可以观察到打印相应日志（测试成功）

bash 复制代码 
[root@VM-8-17-centos ~]# docker logs app

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v2.7.6)

2023-12-28 10:40:00.259  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.cyk.SsmDockerApplication             : Starting SsmDockerApplication using Java 1.8.0_312 on 4ecafb679d7f with PID 1 (/apps/apps.jar started by root in /apps)
2023-12-28 10:40:00.273  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.cyk.SsmDockerApplication             : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2023-12-28 10:40:02.271  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8081 (http)
2023-12-28 10:40:02.290  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2023-12-28 10:40:02.290  INFO 1 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.69]
2023-12-28 10:40:02.391  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2023-12-28 10:40:02.391  INFO 1 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1959 ms
Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl' adapter.
Parsed mapper file: 'class path resource [mapper/UserMapper.xml]'
2023-12-28 10:40:03.399  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.a.w.s.WelcomePageHandlerMapping    : Adding welcome page: class path resource [static/index.html]
2023-12-28 10:40:03.675  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8081 (http) with context path ''
2023-12-28 10:40:03.690  INFO 1 --- [           main] com.cyk.SsmDockerApplication             : Started SsmDockerApplication in 4.412 seconds (JVM running for 5.138)
2023-12-28 10:43:17.431  INFO 1 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2023-12-28 10:43:17.431  INFO 1 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2023-12-28 10:43:17.432  INFO 1 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 1 ms
Creating a new SqlSession
SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@45f8529a] was not registered for synchronization because synchronization is not active
2023-12-28 10:43:17.524  INFO 1 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-12-28 10:43:17.819  INFO 1 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
JDBC Connection [HikariProxyConnection@1585874780 wrapping com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@1380045] will not be managed by Spring
==>  Preparing: select * from user;
==> Parameters: 
<==    Columns: id, name, age
<==        Row: 1, cyk, 20
<==        Row: 2, lyj, 19
<==        Row: 4, pdder, 100
<==      Total: 3
Closing non transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@45f8529a]
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