背景:在某些场景下,你想在整个组件树中传递数据,但却不想手动地在每一层传递属性,你可以直接在React中使用强大的contextAPI 解决上述问题
在一个典型的React 中,数据通过Props属性自下而上(由父及子)进行传递的,但这种做法对于某些类型的属性而言机器繁琐,(地区偏好,UI主题)这些属性是应用程序中许多组件都需要的。Context提供了一种在组件之间共享此值的方式,而不必显式的通过组件树逐层传递props
contextType只能用在类组件里
Consumer一般用在函数组件中
javascript
import React from './react';
import ReactDOM from './react-dom';
let ThemeContext = React.createContext();
/* let ThemeContext = React.createContext();
let { Provider, Consumer } = ThemeContext; */
//ThemeContext={Provider,Consumer} Consumer一般用在函数组件中
function Header(){
return (
<ThemeContext.Consumer>
{
value=>(
<div style={{ margin: '10px', border: `5px solid ${value.color}`, padding: '5px' }}>
头部
</div>
)
}
</ThemeContext.Consumer>
)
}
class Main extends React.Component {
static contextType = ThemeContext
render() {
return (
<div style={{ margin: '10px', border: `5px solid ${this.context.color}`, padding: '5px' }}>
主体
<Content />
</div>
)
}
}
class Content extends React.Component {
static contextType = ThemeContext
render() {
return (
<div style={{ margin: '10px', border: `5px solid ${this.context.color}`, padding: '5px'}}>
内容
<button onClick={()=>this.context.changeColor('red')}>变红</button>
<button onClick={()=>this.context.changeColor('green')}>变绿</button>
</div>
)
}
}
class Page extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = { color: 'red' };
}
changeColor = (color) => {
this.setState({ color });
}
render() {
let contextValue = { color: this.state.color, changeColor: this.changeColor };
return (
<ThemeContext.Provider value={contextValue}>
<div style={{ margin: '10px', border: `5px solid ${this.state.color}`, padding: '5px', width: '200px' }}>
主页
<Header />
<Main />
</div>
</ThemeContext.Provider>
)
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<Page />, document.getElementById('root'));
react.js中相关代码
javascript
function createContext(){
function Provider({value,children}){
Provider._value = value;
return children;
}
function Consumer({children}){
return children(Provider._value);
}
return {Provider,Consumer};
}