Spring Boot集成Quartz快速入门Demo

AskHarries2024-04-23 13:41

1.Quartz介绍

Quartz是OpenSymphony开源的一个项目，是一个由Java编写的开源作业调度框架。

特点

  1. 支持分布式高可用，我们需要某个定时任务在多个节点中只有某个节点可以执行时，就需要Quartz来实现，否则使用@Scheduled等方式会造成所有节点都执行一遍。
  2. 支持持久化，Quartz有专门的数据表来实现定时任务的持久化。
  3. 支持多任务调度和管理，Quartz可以在数据库中存储多个定时任务进行作业调度，可以实现定时任务的增删改查等管理。

组成

Quartz由三部分组成：

  1. 任务：JobDetail
  2. 触发器：Trigger（分为SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger）
  3. 调度器：Scheduler

2.mysql环境搭建

第一个mysql数据库

css 复制代码 
docker run --name docker-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3306:3306 -d mysql

初始化数据

scss 复制代码 
create database demo;
#
# Quartz seems to work best with the driver mm.mysql-2.0.7-bin.jar
#
# PLEASE consider using mysql with innodb tables to avoid locking issues
#
# In your Quartz properties file, you'll need to set
# org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_LOCKS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CALENDARS;CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
JOB_CLASS_NAME VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
IS_DURABLE VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
NEXT_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
PREV_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
PRIORITY INTEGER NULL,
TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
START_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
END_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
MISFIRE_INSTR SMALLINT(2) NULL,
JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
REPEAT_COUNT BIGINT(7) NOT NULL,
REPEAT_INTERVAL BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
TIMES_TRIGGERED BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR(80),
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
INT_PROP_1 INT NULL,
INT_PROP_2 INT NULL,
LONG_PROP_1 BIGINT NULL,
LONG_PROP_2 BIGINT NULL,
DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CALENDARS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
ENTRY_ID VARCHAR(95) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
FIRED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
SCHED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
PRIORITY INTEGER NOT NULL,
STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NULL,
IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NULL,
REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
LAST_CHECKIN_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
CHECKIN_INTERVAL BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_LOCKS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
LOCK_NAME VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME)
);

commit;

说明

msyql账号root
mysql密码123456

3.代码工程

实验目的：创建一个cron的quartz定时任务，并持久化到数据库

pom.xml

xml 复制代码 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.et</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- implement Quartz auto config -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Application.yaml

yaml 复制代码 
server:
  port: 8088
spring:
  datasource:
    quartz:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
      username: root
      password: 123456
  quartz:
    job-store-type: jdbc # use jdbc databse
    scheduler-name: hyhScheduler # 相同 Scheduler 名字的节点，形成一个 Quartz 集群
    wait-for-jobs-to-complete-on-shutdown: true # 应用关闭时，是否等待定时任务执行完成。默认为 false ，建议设置为 true
    jdbc:
      initialize-schema: never # 是否自动使用 SQL 初始化 Quartz 表结构。这里设置成 never ，我们手动创建表结构。
    properties:
      org:
        quartz:
          # JobStore 相关配置
          jobStore:
            dataSource: quartzDataSource # 使用的数据源
            class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX # JobStore 实现类
            driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
            tablePrefix: QRTZ_ # Quartz 表前缀
            isClustered: true # 是集群模式
            clusterCheckinInterval: 1000
            useProperties: false
          # 线程池相关配置
          threadPool:
            threadCount: 25 # 线程池大小。默认为 10 。
            threadPriority: 5 # 线程优先级
            class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool # 线程池类型

job

打印出当前线程名、当前时间及当前调用次数

java 复制代码 
package com.et.quartz.job;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

//SimpleJob是一个简单定时任务体，用于打印出当前线程名、当前时间及当前调用次数
public class SimpleJob extends QuartzJobBean {

    private final static AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(1);

    @Override
    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
        System.out.println("Execute quartz \"SimpleJob\", threadName = \"" + name +
                "\", the " + counter.getAndIncrement() + "th execution, time = \"" +
                now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS")) + "\"");
    }
}

Jobinit.java

job初始化，并将相关数据持久化都数据库

java 复制代码 
package com.et.quartz.config;

import com.et.quartz.job.SimpleJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@Component
public class JobInit implements ApplicationRunner {

    private static final String ID = "SUMMERDAY";

    @Autowired
    private Scheduler scheduler;

    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(SimpleJob.class)
                .withIdentity(ID + " 02")
                .storeDurably()
                .build();
        CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder =
                CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ? *");
        //create  task trigger
        Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .forJob(jobDetail)
                .withIdentity(ID + " 02Trigger")
                .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder)
                .startNow() //exceute Now
                .build();
        Set<Trigger> set = new HashSet<>();
        set.add(trigger);
        // boolean replace it will replace quartz's task in database  when the task is started
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, set, true);
    }
}

DemoApplication.java

typescript 复制代码 
package com.et.quartz;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

以上只是一些关键代码，所有代码请参见下面代码仓库

代码仓库

4.测试

启动Spring Boot应用，发现每10秒运行一次定时任务

sql 复制代码 
Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-1", the 1th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:23.031"
Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-2", the 2th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:30.019"
Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-3", the 3th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:40.015"
Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-4", the 4th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:14:50.017"
Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-5", the 5th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:15:00.022"
Execute quartz "SimpleJob", threadName = "hyhScheduler_Worker-6", the 6th execution, time = "2024-04-23 09:15:10.024"

查看是否数据库有任务信息

csharp 复制代码 
select * from QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS qst 
select * from QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS qct

5.参考引用

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