Oracle表空间加密全过程极简实验

加密前

准备加密HR Schema中的表。

sql 复制代码

SQL> col table_name for a20
SQL> select table_name, tablespace_name from all_tables where owner='HR';

TABLE_NAME           TABLESPACE_NAME               
-------------------- ------------------------------
DEPARTMENTS          USERS                         
EMPLOYEES            USERS                         
JOBS                 USERS                         
JOB_HISTORY          USERS                         
LOCATIONS            USERS                         
REGIONS              USERS                         
COUNTRIES                                          

7 rows selected.

除COUNTRIES表的显示为null外，其余都是USERS表空间。

查文档：

NULL for partitioned, temporary, and index-organized tables

果然，他是IOT表：

sql 复制代码

SQL> select table_name from dba_tables where owner='HR' and iot_type = 'IOT';

TABLE_NAME          
--------------------
COUNTRIES

其表空间也是USERS：

sql 复制代码

SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_segments where segment_name = 'COUNTRIES';

TABLESPACE_NAME               
------------------------------
USERS

USERS表空间还没有加密：

sql 复制代码

SQL> select tablespace_name, encrypted from user_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME                ENC
------------------------------ ---
SYSTEM                         NO 
SYSAUX                         NO 
UNDOTBS1                       NO 
TEMP                           NO 
USERS                          NO

表空间对应的数据文件：

sql 复制代码

SQL> select file_name, bytes from dba_data_files where tablespace_name = 'USERS';

FILE_NAME                                                         BYTES
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf             2313420800

没加密时，电话号码可以查到：

bash 复制代码

$ strings /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf |more
}|{z
ORCLCDB
USERS
AAAAAAAA
DEF,
555,
Middle East and Africa,
Asia,
Americas,
Europe
AAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAA
Belgium
        Argentina
Nigeria
Malaysia
Denmark
Israel
Kuwait
Mexico
Netherlands
Switzerland
Brazil
Egypt
Zambia
Germany
France
United Kingdom
        Singapore
Zimbabwe
        Australia
India
China
Canada
United States of America
Japan
Italy
AAAAAAAA
Mariano Escobedo 9991
11932
Mexico City
Distrito Federal,
Pieter Breughelstraat 837
3029SK
...

$ strings /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf |grep -i 6666
603.123.6666
205-167-6666
243-589-6666
697-394-6666
355-689-6666
489-117-6666
489-117-6666

加密中

秘钥配置

还没配：

sql 复制代码

SQL> show parameter wallet_root

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
wallet_root                          string
SQL> show parameter tde_configuration

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
tde_configuration                    string

为简化，key store我们选用software keystore，即wallet。复杂生产环境（多数据库配置，ADG环境）还是建议用Key Vault。

具体配的过程参见Oracle 透明数据加密（TDE）的常见任务中的配置Key Store 和创建Key Store部分。

加密表空间

也可以参见Oracle 透明数据加密（TDE）的常见任务中的加解密PDB中的表空间部分。

在线加密：

sql 复制代码

SQL> alter tablespace users encryption online encrypt;

Tablespace altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:40.91

在线解密：

sql 复制代码

SQL> alter tablespace users encryption online decrypt;

Tablespace altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:18.61

离线加密：

sql 复制代码

ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE NORMAL;
SQL> alter tablespace users encryption offline encrypt;

Tablespace altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:09.46

离线解密：

sql 复制代码

SQL> alter tablespace users encryption offline decrypt;

Tablespace altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:05.77

再离线加密一次，然后表空间在线：

sql 复制代码

SQL> alter tablespace users encryption offline encrypt;

Tablespace altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:08.94

ALTER TABLESPACE users ONLINE;

加密后

加密完成了，查看状态：

sql 复制代码

SQL> select TS#, ENCRYPTIONALG, ENCRYPTEDTS, STATUS, CON_ID from V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES;

       TS# ENCRYPT ENC STATUS         CON_ID
---------- ------- --- ---------- ----------
         5 AES128  YES NORMAL              3


SQL> select name from v$tablespace where ts# = 5;

NAME
------------------------------
USERS


SQL> show con_id

CON_ID
------------------------------
3

SQL> select ENCRYPTED from user_tablespaces where TABLESPACE_NAME = 'USERS';

ENC
---
YES

数据文件的大小不变：

sql 复制代码

SQL> select file_name, bytes from dba_data_files where tablespace_name = 'USERS';

FILE_NAME                                                         BYTES
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf             2313420800

验证

电话号码看不到了：

sql 复制代码

$ strings /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf |grep -i 6666
$ echo $?
1

$ strings /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf |more
}|{z
ORCLCDB
USERS
?4fc
u]DRZ
>o"%
/ g~
 198
afkY}
@)5;
=M}'
,k2<R
Jjt
>+|}/
XE[{
6Kh!
{+4?
4d&6o9
p0kM
Tody
N{ _M
^l_'
P,Dsc
A?L&
J`"W
$<ej
6.`'
BB2X
NuX`j
\7rR
JkPI
P0=h4
ym#}d
.Ov];}B
...