centos7下安装MySQL,Oracle数据库

📑打牌 : da pai ge的个人主页

🌤️个人专栏 : da pai ge的博客专栏

☁️宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来


操作系统版本为CentOS 7
使⽤ MySQL Yum仓库在 Linux 上安装 MySQL

确认当前的系统版本

• 登录系统并切换⾄ root 账号,否则执⾏命令时需要⽤sudo命令,并按提⽰输⼊密码
在终端中运⾏以下命令,查看系统版本。如下所⽰,当前系统版本为 CentOS Linux release
7.9.2009

复制代码
1 [root@mini-001 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
2 CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

添加 MySQL Yum 源

访问MySQL开发者专区

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum

根据当前系统选择对应的发布包



TIPS:

  1. 发布包命名规则:
    {mysql80}-community-release- {platform} - {version-number} .noarch.rpm
    {mysql80}:MySQL版本号
    {platform}:平台(系统)号,⽤来描述系统的版本
    {version-number}: MySQL仓库配置RPM包的版本号
  2. 如下所⽰:
    mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
    mysql80: MySQL版本号,默认是MySQL8.0版本
    el7 : 其中el 是 Enterprise Linux的编写,7表⽰ Linux⼤版本号,⽐如el6 表⽰ Linux6, el7表⽰
    Linux7, e8表⽰Linux8, el9表⽰Linux9, 'fc' 则表⽰ Fedora
    el7-10:表⽰MySQL仓库配置RPM包的第10次更新
  3. 选择⽅式:
    针对当前演⽰系统版本Linux7,以及我们要安装的MySQL数据库版本8.0,选择对应RPM包的最近⼀
    次更新,所以下载mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm即可
  4. 其他版本
    如果默认下载⻚⾯没有你所需要的RPM包,可以通过 http://repo.mysql.com/ 查找

下载后上传到Linux服务器

TIPS: 安装 rz 插件以⽀持拖拽上传

root@mini-001 \~\]# yum -y install lrzsz • 上传完成后查看是否成功 [root@centos-001 ~]# ll -rwxrw-rw-. 1 root root 11472 Aug 25 01:12 mysql80-community-release-el7- 10.noarch.rpm ## 安装发布包 • 在终端执⾏: yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm [root@centos-001 ~]# yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community release-el7-10.noarch Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================== =============================================================================== =============================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================== =============================================================================== =============================== Installing: mysql80-community-release noarch el7-10 /mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch 12 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================== =============================================================================== =============================== Install 1 Package Total size: 12 k Installed size: 12 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch 1/1 Verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch 1/1 Installed: mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10 Complete! • 通过以下命令检查是否已成功添加 MySQL Yum 源 在终端执⾏: yum repolist enabled \| grep mysql.\*-community [root@centos-001 ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql.*-community mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 227 mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 100 mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 426 # 说明已安装 1 2 3 4 选择发布系列 • 在终端执⾏ yum repolist all \| grep mysql • mysql80-community/x86_64、mysql-connectors-community/x86_64、mysql-tools community/x86_64 为启⽤状态 [root@centos-001 ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-8.0-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-8.0-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-innovation-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-innovation-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-cluster-innovation-community-source MySQL Cluste disabled mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connec enabled: 227 #启⽤ mysql-connectors-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Connec disabled mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connec disabled mysql-innovation-community/x86_64 MySQL Innova disabled mysql-innovation-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Innova disabled mysql-innovation-community-source MySQL Innova disabled mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools enabled: 100 #启⽤ mysql-tools-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Tools disabled mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools disabled mysql-tools-innovation-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools disabled mysql-tools-innovation-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Tools disabled mysql-tools-innovation-community-source MySQL Tools disabled mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools disabled mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools disabled mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Co disabled mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Co disabled mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Co enabled: 426 #启⽤ mysql80-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Co disabled mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Co disabled ## 安装 MySQL • 在终端执⾏: yum install mysql-community-server 安装过程提⽰是否继续,选y即可 将安装 MySQL 服务器包 ( mysql-community-server ) 以及运⾏服务器所需的组件,包括: 客⼾端包 ( mysql-community-client ) 客⼾端和服务器常⻅错误消息和字符集 ( mysql-community-common ) 共享客⼾端库 ( mysql-community-libs ) . [root@centos-001 ~]# yum install mysql-community-server # ....省略 6/6 Installed: # 服务器程序 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.34-1.el7 Dependency Installed: # 相关依赖 mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.34-1.el7 mysql-community-client-plugins.x86_64 0:8.0.34-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.34-1.el7 mysql-community-icu-data-files.x86_64 0:8.0.34-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.34-1.el7 Complete! ## 启动 MySQL 服务器 • 在终端执⾏: systemctl start mysqld 1 \[root@centos-001 \~\]# systemctl start mysqld ## 查看MySQL 服务状态 • 在终端执⾏: systemctl status mysqld [root@centos-001 ~]# systemctl status mysqld ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2023-08-29 00:39:04 PDT; 2min 6s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 4080 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 4107 (mysqld) Status: "Server is operational" Tasks: 37 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─4107 /usr/sbin/mysqld Aug 29 00:39:00 centos-001 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... Aug 29 00:39:04 centos-001 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server. • 可以使⽤ systemctl \[stop\| start\| restart\| status\] mysqld, 命令对MySQL服务进⾏\[停⽌\| 启动\|重 启\|查看服务状态\]操作 ## 开启⾃启动 • 在终端执⾏: systemctl enable mysqld [root@centos-001 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld #设置⾃启动 [root@centos-001 ~]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld #查看状态 mysqld.service enabled ## 登录MySQL ⾸次安装成功,MySQL把root⽤⼾的默认密码保存在错误⽇志中 • 可以通过在终端执⾏: grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 进⾏查看 [root@centos-001 log]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2023-08-25T08:32:10.905479Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: IRDMJQ_.v566 #这个就是默认⽣成的密码 1 2 • 使⽤密码进⾏登录 [root@centos-001 log]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 Server version: 8.0.34 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ## 修改密码 TIPS: validate_password 组件是默认安装的,实现的默认密码策略,要求密码⾄少包含1个⼤写字 ⺟、1个⼩写字⺟、1个数字和1个特殊字符,密码总⻓度⾄少为8个字符。 ## 默认密码策略 密码策略分为 LOW 、 MEDIUM (默认)和 STRONG ,分别⽤0,1(默认),2表⽰。 0表⽰只校验密码⻓度,⻓度最⼩为8,所以以后要设置简单密码时还需要修改密码的⻓度限制。 他们分别⽤两个系统变量validate-password.policy和validate_password.length表⽰ 在MySQL 客⼾端运⾏以下命令查看当前设置 mysql> show variables like 'validate_password.policy'; #查看当前密码策略 +--------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------+ | validate_password.policy | MEDIUM | # 中等 1 2 3 4 5 +--------------------------+--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like 'validate_password.length'; #查看当前密码⻓度限制 +--------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+-------+ | validate_password.length | 8 | # 最⼩为8个字符 +--------------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ## 设置简单密码 如果我们要在开发环境设置如123456的简单密码那么就要修改默认密码策略, 我们只需要设置validate-password.policy和validate_password.length对应的值即可。 • 在终端执⾏以下命令: mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0; #策略设置为LOW Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.length=4; #密码⻓度最少为4位(系统限制不能⼩于4 位) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) • 重新查看系统变量的值: mysql> show variables like 'validate_password.policy'; +--------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+-------+ | validate_password.policy | LOW | # LOW级 +--------------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like 'validate_password.length'; +--------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+-------+ | validate_password.length | 4 | # 最⼩⻓度为4 +--------------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) • 设置新密码 mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Qs1!Ed3#'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

相关推荐
慧一居士24 分钟前
flex 布局完整功能介绍和示例演示
前端
DoraBigHead26 分钟前
小哆啦解题记——两数失踪事件
前端·算法·面试
一斤代码6 小时前
vue3 下载图片(标签内容可转图)
前端·javascript·vue
中微子6 小时前
React Router 源码深度剖析解决面试中的深层次问题
前端·react.js
光影少年6 小时前
从前端转go开发的学习路线
前端·学习·golang
中微子6 小时前
React Router 面试指南:从基础到实战
前端·react.js·前端框架
3Katrina7 小时前
深入理解 useLayoutEffect:解决 UI "闪烁"问题的利器
前端·javascript·面试
前端_学习之路7 小时前
React--Fiber 架构
前端·react.js·架构
伍哥的传说8 小时前
React 实现五子棋人机对战小游戏
前端·javascript·react.js·前端框架·node.js·ecmascript·js
qq_424409198 小时前
uniapp的app项目,某个页面长时间无操作,返回首页
前端·vue.js·uni-app