OCP-042之：Oracle网络服务

-风中叮铃-2024-06-14 22:33

2. Oracle网络服务

2.1 默认监听进程

如果客户端想要连接数据库并管理数据库，需要在服务器端开启监听服务，默认监听的进程LISTENER：

[oracle@ora-server ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@ora-server admin]$ ll
total 16
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  334 Nov 16 16:16 listener.ora
drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall   64 Nov 15 15:17 samples
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1441 Aug 28  2015 shrept.lst
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  198 Nov 16 16:16 sqlnet.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  406 Nov 16 16:18 tnsnames.ora

[oracle@ora-server admin]$ vim listener.ora 
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora-server)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

默认监听进程的管理

[oracle@ora-server admin]$ lsnrctl status	

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 18-NOV-2022 15:16:03

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                17-NOV-2022 09:30:59
Uptime                    1 days 5 hr. 45 min. 4 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora-server/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

[oracle@ora-server admin]$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 18-NOV-2022 15:16:59

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[oracle@ora-server admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 18-NOV-2022 15:17:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

[oracle@ora-server admin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 18-NOV-2022 15:17:19

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora-server/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                18-NOV-2022 15:17:19
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora-server/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora-server)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

web监控页面登陆：

先安装Flash插件，然后使用浏览器输入https://192.168.100.19:5500/em


Oracle SQL Developer数据库连接：

2.2 自定义监听进程

我们要连接Oracle数据库，需要知道三要素：服务器IP、端口号和库名

通常的做法是，不使用默认的监听进程，而创建一个自定义进程，然后把数据库指定给这个进程，这样可以实现不同的库使用不同的监听进程

  1. 通过修改配置的方式创建进程：

    [oracle@ora-server admin]$ vim listener.ora

    定义监听进程

    L1 =
    (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.19.130)(PORT = 10000))
    )
    )

    定义数据库映射

    SID_LIST_L1 =
    (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
    (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1)
    (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
    )

    [oracle@ora-server admin]$ lsnrctl start L1

    LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 18-NOV-2022 15:20:39

    Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

    Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

    TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
    System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
    Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora-server/l1/alert/log.xml
    Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.19.130)(PORT=10000)))
    Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC10000)))

    Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.19.130)(PORT=10000)))
    STATUS of the LISTENER

    Alias L1
    Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
    Start Date 18-NOV-2022 15:20:39
    Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
    Trace Level off
    Security ON: Local OS Authentication
    SNMP OFF
    Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
    Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora-server/l1/alert/log.xml
    Listening Endpoints Summary...
    (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.19.130)(PORT=10000)))
    (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC10000)))
    Services Summary...
    Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
    Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
    The command completed successfully

  2. 通过图形化添加

通过Oracle登陆操作系统图形化界面，调出终端，输入netca，进入导航




完成后系统会直接将监听进程启动起来

Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Configuring Listener:L2
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control: 
      /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start L2
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

在终端中输入netmgr，然后根据向导添加监听进程关联的数据库



相关推荐
月光水岸New1 小时前
Ubuntu 中建的mysql数据库使用Navicat for MySQL连接不上
数据库·mysql·ubuntu
狄加山6751 小时前
数据库基础1
数据库
我爱松子鱼1 小时前
mysql之规则优化器RBO
数据库·mysql
chengooooooo2 小时前
苍穹外卖day8 地址上传 用户下单 订单支付
java·服务器·数据库
Rverdoser3 小时前
【SQL】多表查询案例
数据库·sql
Galeoto3 小时前
how to export a table in sqlite, and import into another
数据库·sqlite
人间打气筒（Ada）3 小时前
MySQL主从架构
服务器·数据库·mysql
leegong231113 小时前
学习PostgreSQL专家认证
数据库·学习·postgresql
喝醉酒的小白3 小时前
PostgreSQL：更新字段慢
数据库·postgresql
敲敲敲-敲代码3 小时前
【SQL实验】触发器
数据库·笔记·sql
热门推荐
01DeepSeek各版本说明与优缺点分析02如何在WPS和Word/Excel中直接使用DeepSeek功能03DeepSeek本地部署详细指南04太炸裂了！清华大学deepseek从入门到精通使用手册又出第三版了，《普通人如何抓住DeepSeek红利》（无套路，直接下载）05本地部署DeepSeek教程（Mac版本）06DeepSeek r1本地安装全指南07DeepSeek RAGFlow构建本地知识库系统08本地化部署AI知识库：基于Ollama+DeepSeek+AnythingLLM保姆级教程09DeepSeek R1本地化部署 Ollama + Chatbox 打造最强 AI 工具10【docker】Windows10安装Docker Desktop - WSL update failed