一、二叉树的递归遍历
题目链接:
- 144.二叉树的前序遍历(opens new window)
- 145.二叉树的后序遍历(opens new window)
- 94.二叉树的中序遍历
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/二叉树的递归遍历.html#思路
视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Wh411S7xt
1.1 初见思路
- 递归三要素:入参、返回条件、单层循环逻辑
1.2 具体实现
前序遍历
java
class Solution {
public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
//前序遍历:根左右
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
pre(root,list);
return list;
}
public void pre(TreeNode node ,List<Integer> list){
if(node==null){
return;
}
list.add(node.val);
pre(node.left,list);
pre(node.right,list);
}
}
中序遍历
java
class Solution {
public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
//中序遍历:左根右
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
in(root,list);
return list;
}
public void in(TreeNode node ,List<Integer> list){
if(node==null){
return;
}
in(node.left,list);
list.add(node.val);
in(node.right,list);
}
}
后序遍历
java
class Solution {
public List<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer> ();
post(root,list);
return list;
}
void post(TreeNode node,List<Integer> list){
if(node==null){
return;
}
post(node.left,list);
post(node.right,list);
list.add(node.val);
}
}
1.3 重难点
二、 二叉树的非递归遍历
题目链接:
- 144.二叉树的前序遍历(opens new window)
- 145.二叉树的后序遍历(opens new window)
- 94.二叉树的中序遍历
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/二叉树的迭代遍历.html#算法公开课
视频讲解: - 写出二叉树的非递归遍历很难么?(前序和后序)(opens new window)
- 写出二叉树的非递归遍历很难么?(中序))
2.1 初见思路
- 非递归就是使用栈来模拟递归的操作
2.2 具体实现
前序遍历
java
class Solution {
public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
//前序遍历:中左右
stack.push(root);
while(!stack.isEmpty()){
TreeNode node = stack.pop();
if(node!=null){
list.add(node.val);
//栈是先进后出,所以先push右边的节点
stack.push(node.right);
stack.push(node.left);
}
}
return list;
}
}
中序遍历
java
class Solution {
public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
if (root == null){
return result;
}
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
TreeNode cur = root;
while (cur != null || !stack.isEmpty()){
if (cur != null){
stack.push(cur);
cur = cur.left;
}else{
cur = stack.pop();
result.add(cur.val);
cur = cur.right;
}
}
return result;
}
}
后序遍历
java
class Solution {
public List<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
if (root == null){
return result;
}
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
stack.push(root);
while (!stack.isEmpty()){
TreeNode node = stack.pop();
result.add(node.val);
if (node.left != null){
stack.push(node.left);
}
if (node.right != null){
stack.push(node.right);
}
}
Collections.reverse(result);
return result;
}
}
2.3 重难点
- 后序遍历的入栈顺序
三、 102. 二叉树的层序遍历
题目链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-level-order-traversal/description/
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/0102.二叉树的层序遍历.html#算法公开课
视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1GY4y1u7b2
3.1 初见思路
- 使用辅助队列来实现,同时使用一个int变量来控制层数
3.2 具体实现
`class Solution {
public List<List> levelOrder(TreeNode node) {
List<List> resList = new ArrayList<List>();
if (node == null) return resList;
Queue<TreeNode> que = new LinkedList<TreeNode>();
que.offer(node);
while (!que.isEmpty()) {
List<Integer> itemList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
int len = que.size();
while (len > 0) {
TreeNode tmpNode = que.poll();
itemList.add(tmpNode.val);
if (tmpNode.left != null) que.offer(tmpNode.left);
if (tmpNode.right != null) que.offer(tmpNode.right);
len--;
}
resList.add(itemList);
}
return resList;
}
}