abap 类封装Excel转换到内表

文章目录

1.封装思路

直接复制粘贴激活直接用

首先,需要你在SE11中创建一个和你Excel中的字段相同的结构,然后把这个结构名字以字符串的形式传给方法.几乎可以实现任意扁平结构的Excel转到内表.

2.参数

2.1.参数解析

上面的图片可以比较清晰的说明各个参数的用法,以下字段详细介绍个别字段.

FILENAME 这个字段是你导入Excel文件的路径名称
IV_STRUCTURE_NAME 这个是你在SE11创建的结构名, 结构名要以字符串的形式传,比如我的结构名叫 ZTEST_S ,你在传输的时候不能直接 IV_STRUCTURE_NAME = ZTEST_S ,要给他加上单引号!!
ET_TABLE 这个就是把Excel储存到内表了 ,要用你上面创建的结构为参考的内表去接收.

3.代码

代码具体实现逻辑相对简单不在阐述,自己去研究.

c 复制代码

  METHOD EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE.

    FIELD-SYMBOLS: <fv_value>     TYPE any.
    DATA: es_intern    TYPE alsmex_tabline,
          lv_index     LIKE sy-tabix,
          lo_structure TYPE REF TO cl_abap_structdescr,
          lr_data      TYPE REF TO data.

    CALL FUNCTION 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE'
      EXPORTING
        filename                = filename
        i_begin_col             = i_begin_col
        i_begin_row             = i_begin_row
        i_end_col               = i_end_col
        i_end_row               = i_end_row
      TABLES
        intern                  = et_intern
      EXCEPTIONS
        inconsistent_parameters = 1
        upload_ole              = 2
        OTHERS                  = 3.

    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
      MESSAGE 'Excel parsing failed' TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E' .
      LEAVE LIST-PROCESSING.
    ENDIF.

    lo_structure ?= cl_abap_structdescr=>describe_by_name( p_name = iv_structure_name ).
    CREATE DATA lr_data TYPE HANDLE lo_structure.
    ASSIGN lr_data->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<lfs_structure>).

    LOOP AT et_intern INTO es_intern.
      lv_index = es_intern-col.
      UNASSIGN <fv_value>.
      ASSIGN COMPONENT lv_index OF STRUCTURE <lfs_structure> TO <fv_value>.
      MOVE es_intern-value TO <fv_value>.

      AT END OF row.
        APPEND <lfs_structure> TO et_table.
      ENDAT.
    ENDLOOP.

  ENDMETHOD.

4.调用案例

c 复制代码

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZDEMO_REPORT006
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT zdemo_report006.

DATA:gv_structure_name TYPE tabname VALUE 'ZTEST_S'.
DATA gt_alv TYPE TABLE OF zafsfd.
DATA gs_alv TYPE zafsfd.

INCLUDE zdemo_report001_s01.  "这个包含是显示alv的,你们自己加一下.


SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK blk1 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.
PARAMETERS: p_file LIKE rlgrap-filename DEFAULT 'C:\Users\Desktop\ExcelToITable.xlsx'
                                        MODIF ID z01 MEMORY ID zfile OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK blk1.


AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR p_file.
  PERFORM frm_get_filename CHANGING p_file.


START-OF-SELECTION.

  PERFORM frm_read_excel_to_itable USING p_file.
  IF gt_alv IS NOT INITIAL.
    PERFORM frm_process_data(zdemo_report006) IF FOUND .
    PERFORM pf_show_alv TABLES gt_alv.
  ELSE.
    MESSAGE '暂未读取到数据,请检查Excel!' TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'.
  ENDIF.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  FRM_PROCESS_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*  -->  p1        text
*  <--  p2        text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_process_data .
  DATA lv_ine TYPE c LENGTH 3.
  SORT gt_alv BY ze3dh zzcdh zspkh .
  DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM gt_alv.

  lv_ine = lines( gt_alv ).
  CONCATENATE '共有组件条数:' lv_ine '条' INTO gs_alv-zline.
  APPEND gs_alv TO gt_alv.
  CLEAR gs_alv.
  SORT gt_alv BY zline DESCENDING.

ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  FRM_GET_FILENAME
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      <--P_P_FILE  text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_get_filename  CHANGING p_file.

  DATA lo_fuc   TYPE REF TO zcl_function_set02.
  CREATE OBJECT lo_fuc.

  DATA: lt_file_table TYPE filetable,
        lv_action     TYPE i.

  CALL METHOD lo_fuc->file_open_dialog  
    EXPORTING
      window_title      = '打开Excel文件'
      default_extension = '*.XLSX'
      file_filter       = 'Excel Files (*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|Excel Files (*.xls)|*.xls'
    CHANGING
      file_table        = lt_file_table
      user_action       = lv_action
      ev_path           = p_file.

  IF lv_action = 9.
    MESSAGE '已取消选择!' TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'.
    RETURN.
  ENDIF.

ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  FRM_READ_EXCEL_TO_ITABLE
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*  -->  p1        textt
*  <--  p2        text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_read_excel_to_itable USING p_file TYPE rlgrap-filename.

  DATA lo_fuc   TYPE REF TO zcl_function_set02.
  CREATE OBJECT lo_fuc.

  CALL METHOD lo_fuc->excel_to_internal_table
    EXPORTING
      filename          = p_file
      i_begin_col       = 1
      i_begin_row       = 2
      i_end_col         = 4
      i_end_row         = 9999
      iv_structure_name = 'ZAFSFD'
    IMPORTING
      et_table          = gt_alv.

ENDFORM.

5.该类中的其他方法截图

本博客只介绍了一个方法,如果有感兴趣的靓仔靓女,可以私信我拿.

简单介绍一下,创建应用日志的这个方法目前已实现可配置的方式,对报表,屏幕实现日志跟踪,(思路:根据配置报表或屏幕的事务码+字段,就可跟踪该事务该字段的信息).

后续还会有更多方法更新!