Ubuntu20.04 设置静态ip

Ubuntu从 17.10 开始，已放弃在 /etc/network/interfaces 里固定 IP 的配置，interfaces 文件不复存在，即使配置也不会生效，而是改成 netplan 方式，配置写在 /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml ，50-cloud-init.yaml或者类似名称的 yaml 文件里。

1. 查看网卡设备号

 ip address

2. 修改 YAML 文件

bash 复制代码

sudo vim /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

bash 复制代码

# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource.  Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot.  To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    ethernets:
        eth0:          # 配置网卡的名称
            dhcp4: no  # 禁用dhcp，如果需要启动则写yes
            optional: true
            addresses:  # 配置静态IP地址和掩码
                - 192.168.31.173/24 
            gateway4: 192.168.16.1      # 设置网关地址       
            nameservers:
                addresses: [202.102.152.3, 114.114.114.114] # 设置主、备DNS，多个DNS服务地址需要用英文逗号隔开

    version: 2
    renderer: networkd #指定后端采用systemd-networkd或者NetworkManager,可不填写则默认使用systemd-workd

根据自己的需要配置好之后保存文件

3. 应用配置

bash 复制代码

sudo netplan apply

4. 确认IP地址已经更改

bash 复制代码

ip addr show

bash 复制代码

连接主机...
连接主机成功
Last login: Wed Jul 24 12:42:56 2024 from 192.168.31.172
root@ubuntu:~# cd /etc/netplan/
root@ubuntu:/etc/netplan# sudo netplan apply
root@ubuntu:/etc/netplan# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether dc:a6:32:c5:41:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.31.173/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::dea6:32ff:fec5:4101/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether dc:a6:32:c5:41:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.137.208/24 brd 192.168.137.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute wlan0
       valid_lft 604416sec preferred_lft 604416sec
    inet6 fe80::21a0:fa53:db59:10cf/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@ubuntu:/etc/netplan#

确保你的Ubuntu系统没有通过DHCP获取IP地址，并且网络接口配置正确。如果你有多个网络接口，请确保只为你想要配置静态IP的接口设置静态地址。