scripts模块
script模块用于在远程机器上执行本地脚本。
[root@bb ~]# vim test000.sh
[root@bb ~]# cat test000.sh
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /tmp/three
touch /tmp/three/test
echo 'i am echo,at mttt' > /tmp/three/test
echo 'well done'
[root@bb ~]# sh test000.sh
mkdir: 无法创建目录"/tmp/three": 文件已存在
well done
# ansible group02 -m script -a './test000.sh'
# ls /tmp/
111 three
a.txt xxx
a.txt.4331.2024-08-16@17:23:26~ xxx2
systemd-private-18e460b4dc5b47458e28ad6b292e1a98-chronyd.service-ZPvmft
--用ansible搭建nfs服务
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m file -a 'path=/static state=directory'
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m file -a 'path=/static/test state=touch'
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m command -a 'yum -y install nfs-utils'
[root@s0 ~]# rpm -qa | grep nfs
libnfsidmap-0.25-19.el7.x86_64
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.68.el7.2.x86_64
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m yum -a 'name=rpcbind state=latest'
[root@s0 ~]# rpm -qa | grep rpcbind
rpcbind-0.2.0-49.el7.x86_64
[root@m0 ~]# vim /etc/exports
/static *(ro,rsync)
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m copy -a 'src=/etc/exports dest=/etc/exports'
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m service -a 'name=rpcbind state=started enabled=yes'
[root@m0 ~]# ansible group02 -m service -a 'name=nfs state=started enabled=yes'
[root@m0 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils
[root@m0 ~]# mkdir /nfs
[root@m0 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.2.112:/static /nfs/
[root@m0 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.2.111:/static /nfs/
[root@m0 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.2.110:/static /nfs/
mount.nfs: Operation not permitted
[root@m0 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 4.3G 13G 26% /
devtmpfs 476M 0 476M 0% /dev
tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /run
tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0 8.8G 8.8G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
192.168.2.110:/static 17G 2.1G 15G 13% /nfs
192.168.2.112:/static 17G 2.1G 15G 13% /nfs
192.168.2.111:/static 17G 2.1G 15G 13% /nfs
[root@s0 ~]# ls /static/
test
[root@s1 ~]# ls /static/
test
[root@s2 ~]# ls /static/
test
playbook
playbook剧本是保存在控制机的yml文件
Playbook常⻅语法
hosts: ⽤于指定要执⾏任务的主机，其可以是⼀个或多个由冒号分隔主机组。
remote_user: ⽤于指定远程主机上的执⾏任务的⽤户 。
- hosts: group1
remote_user: root
tasks: 任务列表, 按顺序执⾏任务.
如果⼀个host执⾏task失败, 整个tasks都会回滚, 修正playbook中的错误, 然后重新执⾏即可
tasks:
- name: ensure apache is at the latest version
yum: name=httpd,httpd-devel state=latest
- name: write the apache config file
copy: src=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
handlers: 类似task，但需要使⽤notify通知调⽤。
不管有多少个通知者进⾏了notify，等到play中的所有task执⾏完 成之后，handlers也只会被执⾏⼀次。
handlers最佳的应⽤场景是⽤来重启服务,或者触发系统重启操作，除此以外很少⽤到了。
notify:
-
restart apache
-
name: ensure apache is running (and enable it at boot)
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
handlers:
- name: restart apache
service: name=httpd state=restarted
--用剧本安装vsftpd
# vim test001.yml
---
- hosts: group02
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 安装vsftpd
yum: name=vsftpd state=latest
# ansible-playbook ./test001.yml
PLAY [group02] *********************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.111]
ok: [192.168.2.110]
ok: [other]
TASK [安装vsftpd] ********************************************************************
ok: [other]
ok: [192.168.2.111]
ok: [192.168.2.110]
PLAY RECAP *************************************************************************
192.168.2.110 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.2.111 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
other : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
--用剧本卸载和安装vsftpd，且启动服务
# vim test001.yml
---
- hosts: group02
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 卸载vsftpd
yum: name=vsftpd state=absent
- name: 安装vsftpd
yum: name=vsftpd state=latest
- name: 启动服务
service: name=vsftpd state=started enabled=yes
# ansible-playbook ./test001.yml
PLAY [group02] *********************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.111]
ok: [other]
ok: [192.168.2.110]
TASK [卸载vsftpd] ********************************************************************
changed: [other]
changed: [192.168.2.111]
changed: [192.168.2.110]
TASK [安装vsftpd] ********************************************************************
changed: [other]
changed: [192.168.2.111]
changed: [192.168.2.110]
TASK [启动服务] ************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.2.111]
changed: [192.168.2.110]
changed: [other]
PLAY RECAP *************************************************************************
192.168.2.110 : ok=4 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.2.111 : ok=4 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
other : ok=4 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
--剧本的格式
---
- hosts： 组名/别名/ip/域名
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 任务说明
模块： key0=value0
service: name=vfstpd state=started enabled=yes
- name: 修改配置文件
command： sed ....
notify:
- abcdefg
handler:
- name: abcdefg
service: name=vfstpd state=restarted
--将httpd的端口号80改为8080
# vim test002.yml
---
- hosts: group01
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 将控制主机的repo文件复制到被控制主机
copy: src=/etc/yum.repos.d dest=/etc/
- name: 安装httpd
yum: name=httpd state=present
- name: 修改配置文件
command: sed -i '/^Listen/s/80/8080/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- name: 修改默认的资源文件
command: echo 'xxxxxxx' > /var/www/html/index.html
- name: 启动httpd服务
service: name=httpd state=started
--使用剧本在不同主机上同时创建不同的文件
# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
s1 ansible_ssh_host=192.168.1.17
ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_user=root
ansible_ssh_pass=7
s2 ansible_ssh_host=192.168.1.18
ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_user=root
ansible_ssh_pass=7
---
- hosts: s1
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 创建一个文件
file: path=/tmp/xxxxxx.txt state=touch
- hosts: s2
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 也创建一个文件
file: path=/tmp/yyyyy.txt state=touch
--使用剧本搭建nfs服务
# vim test003.yml
---
- hosts: s1
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 安装nfs-utils
yum: name=nfs-utils state=present
- name: 安装rpcbind
yum: name=rpcbind state=present
- name: 创建共享目录
file: path=/static state=directory
- name: 配置文件
shell: echo '/static *(ro,rsync)' > /etc/exports
- name: 启动服务
service: name=nfs state=started enabled=yes
- name: 启动服务rpcbind
service: name=rpcbind state=started enabled=yes
- hosts: s2
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: 安装nfs-utils
yum: name=nfs-utils state=latest
- name: 创建挂载目录
file: path=/nfs state=directory
- name: 挂载nfs文件
command: mount -t nfs 192.168.1.17:/static /nfs