1.主从复制

在MySQL中建立表

在MySQL2中查看

2.MySQL主从集群的slave添加及延迟回放

建立新的MySQL3虚拟机

2.1拉平数据（要锁数据，实验环节没锁，生产环境需要锁）

sql 复制代码

[root@mysql ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p timinglee > timinglee.sql
[root@mysql ~]# scp timinglee.sql root@172.25.254.30:/mnt/
[root@mysql3 ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@mysql3 mnt]# ls
timinglee.sql
恢复数据
建立库
[root@mysql3 mnt]# mysql -uroot -p123 -e "create database timinglee;"
[root@mysql3 mnt]# mysql -uroot -p123 timinglee < timinglee.sql

在MySQL3中配置slave

sql 复制代码

mysql> change master to master_host='172.25.254.100',master_user='repl',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=154;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
mysql> slave start;
检查 ：       Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.25.254.100
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: mysql3-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

2.2测试一主两从，在主中加入数据

mysql> insert into timinglee.userlist values('user2','123');

在两从中查看数据

MySQL2中：mysql> select * from timinglee.userlist;

+----------+----------+

| username | password |

+----------+----------+

| lee1 | 123 |

| user2 | 123 |

+----------+----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL3中：

mysql> select * from timinglee.userlist;

+----------+----------+

| username | password |

+----------+----------+

| lee1 | 123 |

| user2 | 123 |

+----------+----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.3延迟回放

在slave端中将延迟改为120

sql 复制代码

mysql> stop slave sql_thread;
mysql> change master to master_delay=120;
mysql> start slave sql_thread;
mysql> show slave status\G;
             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 120
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

3.慢查询

在主机中做，从机也会有

mysql> set global slow_query_log=on;

mysql> show variables like "slow%";

+---------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------+----------------------------+

| slow_launch_time | 2 |

| slow_query_log | ON |

| slow_query_log_file | /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log |

+---------------------+----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看慢查询时长

mysql> show variables like "long%";

+-----------------+-----------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-----------------+-----------+

| long_query_time | 10.000000 |

+-----------------+-----------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试慢查询

mysql> select sleep (10);

+------------+

| sleep (10) |

+------------+

| 0 |

+------------+

1 row in set (10.01 sec)

4.MySQL主从日志的多线程回放

作用：尽量缩小主从数据差异

编辑主配置文件

编辑之后重启MySQL：/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

查看进程

5.MySQL的gitd日志模式

配置文件

[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

[root@mysql ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/data/mysql

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

server-id=10

slow_query_log=on

log-bin=mysql-bin

gtid_mode=ON

enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
[root@mysql3 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[root@mysql3 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

[root@mysql3 mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/data/mysql

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

server-id=30

gtid_mode=ON

enforce-gtid-consistency=ON

查看gtid的状态

在MySQL2和MySQL3中先关闭slave

mysql> stop slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在MySQL2和MySQL3中设置

mysql> change master to

-> master_host='172.25.254.100',

-> master_user='repl',

-> master_password='123',

-> master_auto_position=1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

测试检查：

MySQL1中

MySQL2

MySQL3

6.MySQL的半同步模式

在/etc/my.cnf中开启半同步

[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

gtid_mode=ON

enforce-gtid-consistency=ON

rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1

6.1在MySQL中安装插件

mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';

查看插件状态

查看半同步状态功能

6.2在slave中开启半同步（MySQL2和MySQL3）

[root@mysql3 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/data/mysql

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

server-id=30

gtid_mode=ON

enforce-gtid-consistency=ON

rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1

在MySQL中启动

mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1；

重启io线程

mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rpl_semi_sync%';

+---------------------------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------------------+-------+

| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |

| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 |

+---------------------------------+-------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

测试：直写正常模拟故障

在MySQL2和MySQL3关闭IO线程

mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在MySQL1中写入数据卡住了

之后写入成功

7.MySQL组复制功能的实现（MGR）

因为基于之前实验的主机，为了保证一致性需要清除数据

[root@mysql ~]# rm -fr /data/mysql/*

修改配置文件

之后初始化MySQL

进行MySQL内的修改

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'lee';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> CREATE USER rpl_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lee';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='rpl_user', MASTER_PASSWORD='lee' FOR CHANNEL

-> 'group_replication_recovery';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec）

修改三台机子的解析（三台都要加）

将/etc/my.cnf复制到其他两台主机

初始化重启之后进行操作（MySQL2和MySQL3操作相同）

在MySQL主机中查看成员

测试：在MySQL中建立库

mysql> create database timinglee;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

在MySQL2中查看

在MySQL3中建立表

在MySQL2中查看

8.MySQL路由

安装MySQL-router软件

首先停止MySQL的引用

[root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!

修改mysqlrouter的主配置文件

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqlrouter.service

[root@mysql ~]# netstat -antlupe | grep 7001

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:7001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 988 47417 4477/mysqlrouter

增加MySQL2和MySQL3的用户（操作相同）

用MySQL登录（200和30轮询）

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -plee -h172.25.254.100 -P 7001

9.MySQL高可用之MHA

在mha主机中做免密认证

[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.100

[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.200

[root@mysql-mha ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.30

因为基于之前实验的实验机，所以要删掉数据恢复一主两从的状态

下载压缩包文件

[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# yum install *.rpm -y

将node包发送至节点端

[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm root@172.25.254.100:/root

[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# scp mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm root@172.25.254.200:/root

[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# scp mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm root@172.25.254.30:/root

在节点下载node包

yum install mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm -y

在mha端进行操作

[root@mysql-mha MHA-7]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.58/

[root@mysql-mha mha4mysql-manager-0.58]# cd samples/

[root@mysql-mha samples]# cd conf/

[root@mysql-mha conf]# cat masterha_default.cnf app1.cnf

[root@mysql-mha conf]# cat masterha_default.cnf app1.cnf > /etc/masterha/app1.cnf

[root@mysql-mha conf]# cd /etc/masterha/

[root@mysql-mha masterha]# vim app1.cnf

在mha端修改主配置文件（第二个-s后跟的必须是server里没有的id）