kubevpn 教程

高兴的才哥2024-09-15 18:36

使用 kubevpn ，快速在本地开发云原生项目。

快速开始

使用 brew 安装 (macOS / Linux)

shell 复制代码 
brew install kubevpn

使用 scoop (Windows)

shell 复制代码 
scoop bucket add extras
scoop install kubevpn

使用 krew (Windows / macOS / Linux)

shell 复制代码 
kubectl krew index add kubevpn https://github.com/kubenetworks/kubevpn.git
kubectl krew install kubevpn/kubevpn
kubectl kubevpn

从 Github release 下载 (Windows / macOS / Linux)

https://github.com/kubenetworks/kubevpn/releases/latest

安装 bookinfo 作为 demo 应用

shell 复制代码 
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubenetworks/kubevpn/master/samples/bookinfo.yaml

功能

链接到集群网络

使用命令 kubevpn connect 链接到集群，请注意这里需要输入电脑密码。因为需要 root 权限。(创建虚拟网卡)

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn connect
Password:
Starting connect
Getting network CIDR from cluster info...
Getting network CIDR from CNI...
Getting network CIDR from services...
Labeling Namespace default
Creating ServiceAccount kubevpn-traffic-manager
Creating Roles kubevpn-traffic-manager
Creating RoleBinding kubevpn-traffic-manager
Creating Service kubevpn-traffic-manager
Creating MutatingWebhookConfiguration kubevpn-traffic-manager
Creating Deployment kubevpn-traffic-manager

Pod kubevpn-traffic-manager-66d969fd45-9zlbp is Pending
Container     Reason            Message
control-plane ContainerCreating
vpn           ContainerCreating
webhook       ContainerCreating

Pod kubevpn-traffic-manager-66d969fd45-9zlbp is Running
Container     Reason           Message
control-plane ContainerRunning
vpn           ContainerRunning
webhook       ContainerRunning

Forwarding port...
Connected tunnel
Adding route...
Configured DNS service
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Now you can access resources in the kubernetes cluster ! |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
➜  ~

提示已经链接到集群了。使用命令 kubevpn status 检查一下状态。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME                                       READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE     IP                NODE              NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
authors-dbb57d856-mbgqk                    3/3     Running            0          7d23h   172.29.2.132      192.168.0.5       <none>           <none>
details-7d8b5f6bcf-hcl4t                   1/1     Running            0          61d     172.29.0.77       192.168.104.255   <none>           <none>
kubevpn-traffic-manager-66d969fd45-9zlbp   3/3     Running            0          74s     172.29.2.136      192.168.0.5       <none>           <none>
productpage-788df7ff7f-jpkcs               1/1     Running            0          61d     172.29.2.134      192.168.0.5       <none>           <none>
ratings-77b6cd4499-zvl6c                   1/1     Running            0          61d     172.29.0.86       192.168.104.255   <none>           <none>
reviews-85c88894d9-vgkxd                   1/1     Running            0          24d     172.29.2.249      192.168.0.5       <none>           <none>

找一个 pod 的 IP，比如 productpage-788df7ff7f-jpkcs 的 IP 172.29.2.134

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ ping 172.29.2.134
PING 172.29.2.134 (172.29.2.134): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.29.2.134: icmp_seq=0 ttl=63 time=55.727 ms
64 bytes from 172.29.2.134: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=56.270 ms
64 bytes from 172.29.2.134: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=55.228 ms
64 bytes from 172.29.2.134: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=54.293 ms
^C
--- 172.29.2.134 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 54.293/55.380/56.270/0.728 ms

测试应该可以直接 Ping 通，说明本地可以正常访问到集群网络了。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubectl get services -o wide
NAME                      TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                              AGE     SELECTOR
authors                   ClusterIP   172.21.5.160    <none>        9080/TCP                             114d    app=authors
details                   ClusterIP   172.21.6.183    <none>        9080/TCP                             114d    app=details
kubernetes                ClusterIP   172.21.0.1      <none>        443/TCP                              319d    <none>
kubevpn-traffic-manager   ClusterIP   172.21.2.86     <none>        8422/UDP,10800/TCP,9002/TCP,80/TCP   2m28s   app=kubevpn-traffic-manager
productpage               ClusterIP   172.21.10.49    <none>        9080/TCP                             114d    app=productpage
ratings                   ClusterIP   172.21.3.247    <none>        9080/TCP                             114d    app=ratings
reviews                   ClusterIP   172.21.8.24     <none>        9080/TCP                             114d    app=reviews

找一个 service 的 IP，比如 productpage 的 IP 172.21.10.49，试着访问一下服务 productpage

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ curl 172.21.10.49:9080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

可以看到也可以正常访问，也就是可以在本地访问到集群的 pod 和 service 了～

域名解析功能

支持 k8s dns 解析。比如一个名为 productpage 的 Pod 或者 Service 处于 default 命名空间下可以被如下域名正常解析到：

  • productpage
  • productpage.default
  • productpage.default.svc.cluster.local
shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ curl productpage.default.svc.cluster.local:9080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

可以看到能够被正常解析，并且返回相应内容。

短域名解析功能

连接到此命名空间下，可以直接使用 service name 的方式访问，否则访问其它命令空间下的服务，需要带上命令空间作为域名的一部分，使用如下的域名即可。

  • productpage.default
  • productpage.default.svc.cluster.local
shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ curl productpage:9080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
...

可以看到直接使用 service name 的方式，可以正常访问到集群资源。

链接到多集群网络

有个两个模式

  • 模式 lite: 可以链接到多个集群网络，但是仅支持链接到多集群。
  • 模式 full: 不仅支持链接到单个集群网络，还可以拦截工作负载流量到本地电脑。

可以看到已经链接到了一个集群 ccijorbccotmqodvr189g，是 full 模式

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn status
ID Mode Cluster               Kubeconfig                 Namespace Status
0  full ccijorbccotmqodvr189g /Users/naison/.kube/config default   Connected

此时还可以使用 lite 模式链接到其它集群

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn connect -n default --kubeconfig ~/.kube/dev_config --lite
Starting connect
Got network CIDR from cache
Use exist traffic manager
Forwarding port...
Connected tunnel
Adding route...
Configured DNS service
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Now you can access resources in the kubernetes cluster ! |
+----------------------------------------------------------+

使用命令 kubevpn status 查看当前链接状态。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn status
ID Mode Cluster               Kubeconfig                     Namespace Status
0  full ccijorbccotmqodvr189g /Users/naison/.kube/config     default   Connected
1  lite ccidd77aam2dtnc3qnddg /Users/naison/.kube/dev_config default   Connected
➜  ~

可以看到连接到了多个集群。

反向代理

使用命令 kubevpn proxy 代理所有的入站流量到本地电脑。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn proxy deployment/productpage
Connected to cluster
Injecting inbound sidecar for deployment/productpage
Checking rollout status for deployment/productpage
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
Rollout successfully for deployment/productpage
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Now you can access resources in the kubernetes cluster ! |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
➜  ~

此时在本地使用 go 启动一个服务，用于承接流量。

go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"io"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
		_, _ = io.WriteString(writer, "Hello world!")
	})
	_ = http.ListenAndServe(":9080", nil)
}

使用 service name 的方式，直接访问集群中的 productpage 服务。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ curl productpage:9080
Hello world!%
➜  ~ curl productpage.default.svc.cluster.local:9080
Hello world!%

可以看到直接击中了本地电脑的服务。

反向代理支持 service mesh

支持 HTTP, GRPC 和 WebSocket 等, 携带了指定 header "foo: bar" 的流量，将会路由到本地

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn proxy deployment/productpage --headers foo=bar
Connected to cluster
Injecting inbound sidecar for deployment/productpage
Checking rollout status for deployment/productpage
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
Rollout successfully for deployment/productpage
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Now you can access resources in the kubernetes cluster ! |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
➜  ~

不带 header 直接访问集群资源，可以看到返回的是集群中的服务内容。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ curl productpage:9080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Simple Bookstore App</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
...

带上特定 header 访问集群资源，可以看到返回了本地服务的内容。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ curl productpage:9080 -H "foo: bar"
Hello world!%

如果你需要取消代理流量，可以执行如下命令：

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn leave deployments/productpage
Leaving workload deployments/productpage
Checking rollout status for deployments/productpage
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 0 out of 1 new replicas have been updated...
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
Waiting for deployment "productpage" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
Rollout successfully for deployments/productpage

本地进入开发模式 🐳

将 Kubernetes pod 运行在本地的 Docker 容器中，同时配合 service mesh, 拦截带有指定 header 的流量到本地，或者所有的流量到本地。这个开发模式依赖于本地

Docker。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn dev deployment/authors --headers foo=bar --entrypoint sh
Starting connect
Got network CIDR from cache
Use exist traffic manager
Forwarding port...
Connected tunnel
Adding route...
Configured DNS service
Injecting inbound sidecar for deployment/authors
Patching workload deployment/authors
Checking rollout status for deployment/authors
Waiting for deployment "authors" rollout to finish: 0 out of 1 new replicas have been updated...
Waiting for deployment "authors" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
deployment "authors" successfully rolled out
Rollout successfully for Deployment.apps/authors 
tar: removing leading '/' from member names
/var/folders/30/cmv9c_5j3mq_kthx63sb1t5c0000gn/T/4563987760170736212:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
tar: Removing leading `/' from hard link targets
/var/folders/30/cmv9c_5j3mq_kthx63sb1t5c0000gn/T/4044542168121221027:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
create docker network 56c25058d4b7498d02c2c2386ccd1b2b127cb02e8a1918d6d24bffd18570200e
Created container: nginx_default_kubevpn_a9a22
Wait container nginx_default_kubevpn_a9a22 to be running...
Container nginx_default_kubevpn_a9a22 is running on port 80/tcp:80 8888/tcp:8888 9080/tcp:9080 now
WARNING: The requested image's platform (linux/amd64) does not match the detected host platform (linux/arm64/v8) and no specific platform was requested
Created main container: authors_default_kubevpn_a9a22
/opt/microservices # ls
app
/opt/microservices # ps -ef
PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 root      0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
   29 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   30 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   31 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   32 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   33 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   34 root      0:00 {sh} /usr/bin/qemu-x86_64 /bin/sh sh
   44 root      0:00 ps -ef
/opt/microservices # apk add curl
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.14/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/4) Installing brotli-libs (1.0.9-r5)
(2/4) Installing nghttp2-libs (1.43.0-r0)
(3/4) Installing libcurl (8.0.1-r0)
(4/4) Installing curl (8.0.1-r0)
Executing busybox-1.33.1-r3.trigger
OK: 8 MiB in 19 packages
/opt/microservices # ./app &
/opt/microservices # 2023/09/30 13:41:58 Start listening http port 9080 ...

/opt/microservices # curl localhost:9080/health
{"status":"Authors is healthy"} /opt/microservices # echo "continue testing pod access..."
continue testing pod access...
/opt/microservices # exit
Created container: default_authors
Wait container default_authors to be running...
Container default_authors is running now
Disconnecting from the cluster...
Leaving workload deployments.apps/authors
Disconnecting from the cluster...
Performing cleanup operations
Clearing DNS settings
➜  ~

此时本地会启动两个 container, 对应 pod 容器中的两个 container, 并且共享端口, 可以直接使用 localhost:port 的形式直接访问另一个

container,

并且, 所有的环境变量、挂载卷、网络条件都和 pod 一样, 真正做到与 kubernetes 运行环境一致。

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                           COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                                NAMES
afdecf41c08d   naison/authors:latest           "sh"                     37 seconds ago   Up 36 seconds                                                                        authors_default_kubevpn_a9a22
fc04e42799a5   nginx:latest                    "/docker-entrypoint...."   37 seconds ago   Up 37 seconds   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->8888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9080->9080/tcp   nginx_default_kubevpn_a9a22
➜  ~

如果你只是想在本地启动镜像，可以用一种简单的方式：

shell 复制代码 
kubevpn dev deployment/authors --no-proxy

例如：

shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ kubevpn dev deployment/authors --no-proxy
Starting connect
Got network CIDR from cache
Use exist traffic manager
Forwarding port...
Connected tunnel
Adding route...
Configured DNS service
tar: removing leading '/' from member names
/var/folders/30/cmv9c_5j3mq_kthx63sb1t5c0000gn/T/5631078868924498209:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
tar: Removing leading `/' from hard link targets
/var/folders/30/cmv9c_5j3mq_kthx63sb1t5c0000gn/T/1548572512863475037:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
create docker network 56c25058d4b7498d02c2c2386ccd1b2b127cb02e8a1918d6d24bffd18570200e
Created container: nginx_default_kubevpn_ff34b
Wait container nginx_default_kubevpn_ff34b to be running...
Container nginx_default_kubevpn_ff34b is running on port 80/tcp:80 8888/tcp:8888 9080/tcp:9080 now
WARNING: The requested image's platform (linux/amd64) does not match the detected host platform (linux/arm64/v8) and no specific platform was requested
Created main container: authors_default_kubevpn_ff34b
2023/09/30 14:02:31 Start listening http port 9080 ...

此时程序会挂起，默认为显示日志

如果你想指定在本地启动容器的镜像, 可以使用参数 --dev-image, 当本地不存在该镜像时,

会从对应的镜像仓库拉取。如果你想指定启动参数，可以使用 --entrypoint

参数，替换为你想要执行的命令，比如 --entrypoint /bin/bash, 更多使用参数，请参见 kubevpn dev --help.

DinD ( Docker in Docker ) 在 Docker 中使用 kubevpn

如果你想在本地使用 Docker in Docker (DinD) 的方式启动开发模式, 由于程序会读写 /tmp

目录，您需要手动添加参数 -v /tmp:/tmp, 还有一点需要注意, 如果使用 DinD

模式，为了共享容器网络和 pid, 还需要指定参数 --network

例如:

shell 复制代码 
docker run -it --privileged --sysctl net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=0 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /tmp:/tmp -v ~/.kube/config:/root/.kube/config --platform linux/amd64 naison/kubevpn:latest
shell 复制代码 
➜  ~ docker run -it --privileged --sysctl net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=0 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /tmp:/tmp -v ~/.kube/vke:/root/.kube/config --platform linux/amd64 naison/kubevpn:latest
Unable to find image 'naison/kubevpn:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from naison/kubevpn
9c704ecd0c69: Already exists
4987d0a976b5: Pull complete
8aa94c4fc048: Pull complete
526fee014382: Pull complete
6c1c2bedceb6: Pull complete
97ac845120c5: Pull complete
ca82aef6a9eb: Pull complete
1fd9534c7596: Pull complete
588bd802eb9c: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:368db2e0d98f6866dcefd60512960ce1310e85c24a398fea2a347905ced9507d
Status: Downloaded newer image for naison/kubevpn:latest
WARNING: image with reference naison/kubevpn was found but does not match the specified platform: wanted linux/amd64, actual: linux/arm64
root@5732124e6447:/app# kubevpn dev deployment/authors --headers user=naison --entrypoint sh
hostname is 5732124e6447
Starting connect
Got network CIDR from cache
Use exist traffic manager
Forwarding port...
Connected tunnel
Adding route...
Configured DNS service
Injecting inbound sidecar for deployment/authors
Patching workload deployment/authors
Checking rollout status for deployment/authors
Waiting for deployment "authors" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...
deployment "authors" successfully rolled out
Rollout successfully for Deployment.apps/authors
tar: removing leading '/' from member names
/tmp/6460902982794789917:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
tar: Removing leading `/' from hard link targets
/tmp/5028895788722532426:/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
Network mode is container:d0b3dab8912a
Created container: nginx_default_kubevpn_6df63
Wait container nginx_default_kubevpn_6df63 to be running...
Container nginx_default_kubevpn_6df63 is running now
WARNING: The requested image's platform (linux/amd64) does not match the detected host platform (linux/arm64/v8) and no specific platform was requested
Created main container: authors_default_kubevpn_6df5f
/opt/microservices # ps -ef
PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 root      0:00 {bash} /usr/bin/qemu-x86_64 /bin/bash /bin/bash
   14 root      0:02 {kubevpn} /usr/bin/qemu-x86_64 /usr/local/bin/kubevpn kubevpn dev deployment/authors --headers
   25 root      0:01 {kubevpn} /usr/bin/qemu-x86_64 /usr/local/bin/kubevpn /usr/local/bin/kubevpn daemon
   37 root      0:04 {kubevpn} /usr/bin/qemu-x86_64 /usr/local/bin/kubevpn /usr/local/bin/kubevpn daemon --sudo
   53 root      0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
(4/4) Installing curl (8.0.1-r0)
Executing busybox-1.33.1-r3.trigger
OK: 8 MiB in 19 packagesnx: worker process
/opt/microservices #

/opt/microservices # cat > hello.go <<EOF
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
        _, _ = io.WriteString(writer, "Hello world!")
        fmt.Println(">> Container Received request: %s %s from %s\n", request.Method, request.RequestURI, request.RemoteAddr)
    })
    fmt.Println("Start listening http port 9080 ...")
    _ = http.ListenAndServe(":9080", nil)
}
EOF
/opt/microservices # go build hello.go
/opt/microservices # 
//opt/microservices # ls -alh
total 12M    
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root          26 Nov  4 10:29 .
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root          26 Oct 18  2021 ..
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        6.3M Oct 18  2021 app
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        5.8M Nov  4 10:29 hello
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root         387 Nov  4 10:28 hello.go
/opt/microservices # 
/opt/microservices # apk add curl
OK: 8 MiB in 19 packages
/opt/microservices # ./hello &
/opt/microservices # Start listening http port 9080 ...
[2]+  Done                       ./hello
/opt/microservices # curl localhost:9080
>> Container Received request: GET / from 127.0.0.1:41230
Hello world!/opt/microservices # 

/opt/microservices # curl authors:9080/health -H "foo: bar"
>>Received request: GET /health from 223.254.0.109:57930
                                                        Hello world!/opt/microservices # 
/opt/microservices # curl localhost:9080/health
{"status":"Authors is healthy"}/opt/microservices # exit
Created container: default_authors
Wait container default_authors to be running...
Container default_authors is running now
Disconnecting from the cluster...
Leaving workload deployments.apps/authors
Disconnecting from the cluster...
Performing cleanup operations
Clearing DNS settings
root@d0b3dab8912a:/app# exit
exit
➜  ~

可以看到实际上是在本地使用 Docker 启动了三个容器。

text 复制代码 
➜  ~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                           COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
1cd576b51b66   naison/authors:latest           "sh"                     4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes             authors_default_kubevpn_6df5f
56a6793df82d   nginx:latest                    "/docker-entrypoint...."   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes             nginx_default_kubevpn_6df63
d0b3dab8912a   naison/kubevpn:v2.0.0           "/bin/bash"              5 minutes ago   Up 5 minutes             upbeat_noyce
➜  ~

支持多种协议

支持 OSI 模型三层及三层以上的协议，例如：

  • TCP
  • UDP
  • ICMP
  • gRPC
  • Thrift
  • WebSocket
  • HTTP
  • ...

支持三大平台

  • macOS
  • Linux
  • Windows
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