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AVIOContext结构体和其相关的函数分析:
FFmpeg源码:avio_r8、avio_rl16、avio_rl24、avio_rl32、avio_rl64函数分析
FFmpeg源码:read_packet_wrapper、fill_buffer函数分析
FFmpeg源码:ffurl_seek2、ffurl_seek、avio_size函数分析
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一、avio_seek函数的声明
avio_seek函数声明在FFmpeg源码(本文演示用的FFmpeg源码版本为7.0.1)的头文件libavformat/avio.h中:
cpp
/**
* fseek() equivalent for AVIOContext.
* @return new position or AVERROR.
*/
int64_t avio_seek(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset, int whence);
该函数可以看做是AVIOContext版本的fseek函数,根据传入形参whence的值的不同,avio_seek函数的作用也不同。
情况一:whence的值为SEEK_SET时,执行avio_seek函数后,如果执行成功,AVIOContext的文件位置指针将指向以文件开头为基准,偏移offset(指针偏移量)个字节的位置。
情况二:whence的值为SEEK_CUR时,执行avio_seek函数后,如果执行成功,AVIOContext的文件位置指针将指向以当前位置为基准,偏移offset(指针偏移量)个字节的位置。
情况三:whence的值为SEEK_END时,执行avio_seek函数后,如果执行成功,AVIOContext的文件位置指针将指向以文件结尾为基准,偏移offset(指针偏移量)个字节的位置。
形参s:既是输入型参数也是输出型参数。指向一个AVIOContext(字节流上下文结构体)变量。关于AVIOContext结构体可以参考:《FFmpeg源码:avio_r8、avio_rl16、avio_rl24、avio_rl32、avio_rl64函数分析》。
形参offset:输入型参数,表示偏移量。正数表示正向偏移,负数表示负向偏移。
形参whence:输入型参数,设定从文件的哪里开始偏移,可能取值为:
cpp
/* The possibilities for the third argument to `fseek'.
These values should not be changed. */
#define SEEK_SET 0 /* Seek from beginning of file. */
#define SEEK_CUR 1 /* Seek from current position. */
#define SEEK_END 2 /* Seek from end of file. */
SEEK_SET: 文件开头
SEEK_CUR: 当前位置
SEEK_END: 文件结尾
返回值:失败返回一个负数,成功返回偏移值。
二、avio_seek函数的使用例子
avio_seek(s,100,SEEK_SET):把AVIOContext的文件位置指针移动到离文件开头100字节处;
avio_seek(s,100,SEEK_CUR):把AVIOContext的文件位置指针移动到离文件当前位置100字节处;
avio_seek(s,-100,SEEK_END):把AVIOContext的文件位置指针退回到离文件结尾100字节处。
三、avio_seek函数的定义
avio_seek函数定义在源文件libavformat/aviobuf.c中:
cpp
int64_t avio_seek(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset, int whence)
{
FFIOContext *const ctx = ffiocontext(s);
int64_t offset1;
int64_t pos;
int force = whence & AVSEEK_FORCE;
int buffer_size;
int short_seek;
whence &= ~AVSEEK_FORCE;
if(!s)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
if ((whence & AVSEEK_SIZE))
return s->seek ? s->seek(s->opaque, offset, AVSEEK_SIZE) : AVERROR(ENOSYS);
buffer_size = s->buf_end - s->buffer;
// pos is the absolute position that the beginning of s->buffer corresponds to in the file
pos = s->pos - (s->write_flag ? 0 : buffer_size);
if (whence != SEEK_CUR && whence != SEEK_SET)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
if (whence == SEEK_CUR) {
offset1 = pos + (s->buf_ptr - s->buffer);
if (offset == 0)
return offset1;
if (offset > INT64_MAX - offset1)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
offset += offset1;
}
if (offset < 0)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
short_seek = ctx->short_seek_threshold;
if (ctx->short_seek_get) {
int tmp = ctx->short_seek_get(s->opaque);
short_seek = FFMAX(tmp, short_seek);
}
offset1 = offset - pos; // "offset1" is the relative offset from the beginning of s->buffer
s->buf_ptr_max = FFMAX(s->buf_ptr_max, s->buf_ptr);
if ((!s->direct || !s->seek) &&
offset1 >= 0 && offset1 <= (s->write_flag ? s->buf_ptr_max - s->buffer : buffer_size)) {
/* can do the seek inside the buffer */
s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1;
} else if ((!(s->seekable & AVIO_SEEKABLE_NORMAL) ||
offset1 <= buffer_size + short_seek) &&
!s->write_flag && offset1 >= 0 &&
(!s->direct || !s->seek) &&
(whence != SEEK_END || force)) {
while(s->pos < offset && !s->eof_reached)
fill_buffer(s);
if (s->eof_reached)
return AVERROR_EOF;
s->buf_ptr = s->buf_end - (s->pos - offset);
} else if(!s->write_flag && offset1 < 0 && -offset1 < buffer_size>>1 && s->seek && offset > 0) {
int64_t res;
pos -= FFMIN(buffer_size>>1, pos);
if ((res = s->seek(s->opaque, pos, SEEK_SET)) < 0)
return res;
s->buf_end =
s->buf_ptr = s->buffer;
s->pos = pos;
s->eof_reached = 0;
fill_buffer(s);
return avio_seek(s, offset, SEEK_SET | force);
} else {
int64_t res;
if (s->write_flag) {
flush_buffer(s);
}
if (!s->seek)
return AVERROR(EPIPE);
if ((res = s->seek(s->opaque, offset, SEEK_SET)) < 0)
return res;
ctx->seek_count++;
if (!s->write_flag)
s->buf_end = s->buffer;
s->buf_ptr = s->buf_ptr_max = s->buffer;
s->pos = offset;
}
s->eof_reached = 0;
return offset;
}
四、avio_seek函数的内部实现原理
下面分情况讨论:
(一)whence的值为SEEK_SET
whence的值为SEEK_SET时,avio_seek函数可以化简为:
cpp
int64_t avio_seek(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset, int whence)
{
FFIOContext *const ctx = ffiocontext(s);
int64_t offset1;
int64_t pos;
int buffer_size;
if(!s)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
buffer_size = s->buf_end - s->buffer;
pos = s->pos - (s->write_flag ? 0 : buffer_size);
if (offset < 0)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
offset1 = offset - pos;
s->buf_ptr_max = FFMAX(s->buf_ptr_max, s->buf_ptr);
if ((!s->direct || !s->seek) && offset1 >= 0 && offset1 <= (s->write_flag ? s->buf_ptr_max - s->buffer : buffer_size)) {
/* can do the seek inside the buffer */
s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1;
}
s->eof_reached = 0;
return offset;
}
大部分情况下,pos的值为0:
cpp
pos = s->pos - (s->write_flag ? 0 : buffer_size);
这时offset1 = offset - pos
= offset - 0
= offset:
cpp
offset1 = offset - pos;
所以这时s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1
= s->buffer + offset:
cpp
s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1;
所以大部分情况下,执行语句avio_seek(s->pb, offset, SEEK_SET)后,s->pb->buf_ptr的值会变为s->pb->buffer + offset。从而实现让AVIOContext的文件位置指针(s->pb->buf_ptr)指向以文件开头(s->pb->buffer)为基准,偏移offset(指针偏移量)个字节的位置。即把文件位置指针移动到离文件开头offset字节处。
(二)whence的值为SEEK_CUR
whence的值为SEEK_CUR时,avio_seek函数可以化简为:
cpp
int64_t avio_seek(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset, int whence)
{
FFIOContext *const ctx = ffiocontext(s);
int64_t offset1;
int64_t pos;
int buffer_size;
if(!s)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
buffer_size = s->buf_end - s->buffer;
pos = s->pos - (s->write_flag ? 0 : buffer_size);
if (whence == SEEK_CUR) {
offset1 = pos + (s->buf_ptr - s->buffer);
if (offset == 0)
return offset1;
if (offset > INT64_MAX - offset1)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
offset += offset1;
}
if (offset < 0)
return AVERROR(EINVAL);
offset1 = offset - pos;
s->buf_ptr_max = FFMAX(s->buf_ptr_max, s->buf_ptr);
if ((!s->direct || !s->seek) &&
offset1 >= 0 && offset1 <= (s->write_flag ? s->buf_ptr_max - s->buffer : buffer_size)) {
s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1;
}
s->eof_reached = 0;
return offset;
}
大部分情况下,pos的值为0:
cpp
pos = s->pos - (s->write_flag ? 0 : buffer_size);
这时offset1 = s->buf_ptr - s->buffer。s->buf_ptr - s->buffer为AVIOContext输入缓冲区中当前读取到的位置距离输入缓冲区的开头的偏移。即文件位置指针当前位置(s->buf_ptr)相对于文件首(s->buffer)的偏移字节数:
cpp
offset1 = pos + (s->buf_ptr - s->buffer);
所以这时offset = offset + offset1
= offset + (s->buf_ptr - s->buffer):
cpp
offset += offset1;
这时让offset1 = offset - pos
= offset - 0
= offset
= 最开始的形参offset的值 + (s->buf_ptr - s->buffer) :
cpp
offset1 = offset - pos;
所以这时s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1
= s->buffer + 最开始的形参offset的值 + (s->buf_ptr - s->buffer)
= s->buf_ptr + 最开始的形参offset的值:
cpp
s->buf_ptr = s->buffer + offset1;
所以大部分情况下,执行语句avio_seek(s->pb, offset, SEEK_CUR)后,s->pb->buf_ptr的值会变为s->pb->buf_ptr+ offset。从而实现让AVIOContext的文件位置指针(s->pb->buf_ptr)指向以当前位置(s->pb->buf_ptr)为基准,偏移offset(指针偏移量)个字节的位置。即把文件位置指针移动到离文件当前位置offset字节处。
(三)whence的值为SEEK_END
暂略,后续补充。