netty之基础aio,bio,nio

编程、小哥哥2024-10-01 9:57

前言

在Java中，提供了一些关于使用IO的API，可以供开发者来读写外部数据和文件，我们称这些API为Java IO。IO是Java中比较重要知识点，且比较难学习的知识点。并且随着Java的发展为提供更好的数据传输性能，目前有三种IO共存；分别是BIO、NIO和AIO。

同步阻塞I/O模式
是一个比较传统的通信方式，模式简单，使用方便。但并发处理能力低，通信耗时，依赖网速。
同步非阻塞模式
NIO 与原来的 I/O 有同样的作用和目的, 他们之间最重要的区别是数据打包和传输的方式。原来的 I/O 以流的方式处理数据，而 NIO 以块的方式处理数据。
异步非阻塞I/O模型
是一种非阻塞异步的通信模式。在NIO的基础上引入了新的异步通道的概念，并提供了异步文件通道和异步套接字通道的实现。

aio

目录结构如下图

新建客服端启动类 AioClient

java 复制代码 
public class AioClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        AsynchronousSocketChannel socketChannel = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();
        Future<Void> future = socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.108.89", 7397));
        System.out.println("com.lm.netty01.aio client start done. {码农明哥 | 欢迎关注&获取源码}");
        future.get();
        socketChannel.read(ByteBuffer.allocate(1024), null, new AioClientHandler(socketChannel, Charset.forName("GBK")));
        Thread.sleep(100000);
    }

}

客户端消息处理器类

java 复制代码 
public class AioClientHandler extends ChannelAdapter {
    public AioClientHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel, Charset charset) {
        super(channel, charset);
    }
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
        try {
            System.out.println("程序员码农 | 链接报告信息:" + ctx.channel().getRemoteAddress());
            //通知客户端链接建立成功
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
    }
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println("码农明哥 | 服务端收到：" + new Date() + " " + msg + "\r\n");
        ctx.writeAndFlush("客户端信息处理Success！\r\n");
    }
}

服务端

java 复制代码 
public class AioServer extends Thread {
    private AsynchronousServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            serverSocketChannel = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open(AsynchronousChannelGroup.withCachedThreadPool(Executors.newCachedThreadPool(), 10));
            serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(7397));
            System.out.println("com.lm.netty01 aio server start done.  欢迎关注&获取源码}");
            // 等待
            CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
            serverSocketChannel.accept(this, new AioServerChannelInitializer());
            latch.await();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public AsynchronousServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel() {
        return serverSocketChannel;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new AioServer().start();
    }
}

初始化

java 复制代码 
public class AioServerChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer {
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
        channel.read(ByteBuffer.allocate(1024), 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null, new AioServerHandler(channel, Charset.forName("GBK")));
    }
}

处理消息

java 复制代码 
public class AioServerHandler extends ChannelAdapter {
    public AioServerHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel, Charset charset) {
        super(channel, charset);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
        try {
            System.out.println("码农明哥| 链接报告信息:" + ctx.channel().getRemoteAddress());
            //通知客户端链接建立成功
            ctx.writeAndFlush("码农明哥 | 通知服务端链接建立成功" + " " + new Date() + " " + ctx.channel().getRemoteAddress() + "\r\n");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println("码农明哥 | 服务端收到：" + new Date() + " " + msg + "\r\n");
        ctx.writeAndFlush("服务端信息处理Success！\r\n");
    }
}

Channle适配器模仿Netty

java 复制代码 
public abstract class ChannelAdapter implements CompletionHandler<Integer, Object> {

    private AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;
    private Charset charset;

    public ChannelAdapter(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel, Charset charset) {
        this.channel = channel;
        this.charset = charset;
        if (channel.isOpen()) {
            channelActive(new ChannelHandler(channel, charset));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void completed(Integer result, Object attachment) {
        try {
            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
            final long timeout = 60 * 60L;
            channel.read(buffer, timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null, new CompletionHandler<Integer, Object>() {
                @Override
                public void completed(Integer result, Object attachment) {
                    if (result == -1) {
                        try {
                            channelInactive(new ChannelHandler(channel, charset));
                            channel.close();
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        return;
                    }
                    buffer.flip();
                    channelRead(new ChannelHandler(channel, charset), charset.decode(buffer));
                    buffer.clear();
                    channel.read(buffer, timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null, this);
                }

                @Override
                public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {
                    exc.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {
        exc.getStackTrace();
    }

    public abstract void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx);

    public abstract void channelInactive(ChannelHandler ctx);

    // 读取消息抽象类
    public abstract void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg);

}

服务端测试

启动服务端

BIO

目录结构如下

客户端

java 复制代码 
public class BioClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Socket socket = new Socket("192.168.2.178", 7397);
            System.out.println("itstack-demo-netty bio client start done. {关注公众号：bugstack虫洞栈 | 欢迎关注&获取源码}");
            BioClientHandler bioClientHandler = new BioClientHandler(socket, Charset.forName("utf-8"));
            bioClientHandler.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消息处理器

java 复制代码 
public class BioClientHandler extends ChannelAdapter {
    public BioClientHandler(Socket socket, Charset charset) {
        super(socket, charset);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
        System.out.println("链接报告LocalAddress:" + ctx.socket().getLocalAddress());
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hi! 我是码农明哥 BioClient to msg for you \r\n");
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + " 接收到消息：" + msg);
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hi 我已经收到你的消息Success！\r\n");
    }
}

服务端

java 复制代码 
public class BioServer extends Thread {

    private ServerSocket serverSocket = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BioServer bioServer = new BioServer();
        bioServer.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket();
            serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(7397));
            System.out.println("com.lm.netty01.bio bio server start done. {关注码农明哥| 欢迎关注&获取源码}");
            while (true) {
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                BioServerHandler handler = new BioServerHandler(socket, Charset.forName("GBK"));
                handler.start();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消息处理器

java 复制代码 
public class BioServerHandler extends ChannelAdapter {

    public BioServerHandler(Socket socket, Charset charset) {
        super(socket, charset);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
        System.out.println("链接报告LocalAddress:" + ctx.socket().getLocalAddress());
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hi! 我是码农明哥 BioServer to msg for you \r\n");
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + " 接收到消息：" + msg);
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hi 我已经收到你的消息Success！\r\n");
    }
}

适配器

java 复制代码 
public abstract class ChannelAdapter extends Thread {

    private Socket socket;
    private ChannelHandler channelHandler;
    private Charset charset;

    public ChannelAdapter(Socket socket, Charset charset) {
        this.socket = socket;
        this.charset = charset;
        while (!socket.isConnected()) {
            break;
        }
        channelHandler = new ChannelHandler(this.socket, charset);
        channelActive(channelHandler);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(this.socket.getInputStream(), charset));
            String str = null;
            while ((str = input.readLine()) != null) {
                channelRead(channelHandler, str);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 链接通知抽象类
    public abstract void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx);

    // 读取消息抽象类
    public abstract void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg);
}

BIO测试

启动服务端


NIO

目录结构如下

客户端

java 复制代码 
public class NioClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);

        boolean isConnect = socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.2.178", 7397));
        if (isConnect) {
            socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
        } else {
            socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
        }
        System.out.println("com.lm.netty01.nio nio client start done. {关注码农明哥 | 欢迎关注&获取源码}");
        new NioClientHandler(selector, Charset.forName("GBK")).start();
    }
}

消息处理器

java 复制代码 
public class NioClientHandler  extends ChannelAdapter {

    public NioClientHandler(Selector selector, Charset charset) {
        super(selector, charset);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
        try {
            System.out.println("链接报告LocalAddress:" + ctx.channel().getLocalAddress());
            ctx.writeAndFlush("hi! 我是，码农明哥 NioClient to msg for you \r\n");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + " 接收到消息：" + msg);
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hi 我已经收到你的消息Success！\r\n");
    }
}

服务端

java 复制代码 
public class NioServer {
    private Selector selector;
    private ServerSocketChannel socketChannel;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        new NioServer().bind(7893);
    }

    public void bind(int port) {
        try {
            selector = Selector.open();
            socketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
            socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
            socketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port), 1024);
            socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
            System.out.println("com.lm.netty01.nio server start done. {关注码农明哥 | 欢迎关注&获取源码}");
            new NioServerHandler(selector, Charset.forName("GBK")).start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

消息处理器

java 复制代码 
public class NioServerHandler extends ChannelAdapter {

    public NioServerHandler(Selector selector, Charset charset) {
        super(selector, charset);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandler ctx) {
        try {
            System.out.println("链接报告LocalAddress:" + ctx.channel().getLocalAddress());
            ctx.writeAndFlush("hi! 我是码农明哥 NioServer to msg for you \r\n");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandler ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + " 接收到消息：" + msg);
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hi 我已经收到你的消息Success！\r\n");
    }

}

Nio测试

启动NioServer

好了到这里就结束了基础的netty学习，大家一定要跟着动手操作起来。需要的源码的 可私信我获取；

重要：

给大家构建了个资源群 欢迎圈友携朋友一起加入 大家需要的si我进。

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